Placeholder Image

字幕表 動画を再生する

  • Didn't I ask for a cocktail?

  • PRODUCER: Three, two, one, action.

  • NARRATOR: AzzyLand presents

  • most of what you need to know about philosophy

  • in around five minutes.

  • The word philosophy tells us why the subject matters.

  • It's originally a word from Ancient Greek.

  • The first part, "philo," means love.

  • The second part "sophia" means wisdom.

  • So, philosophy means, quite literally,

  • "The love of wisdom."

  • But what does wisdom mean?

  • NARRATOR: Let's begin at the beginning, shall we?

  • Plato.

  • For Plato, the essence of living a wise life

  • came down to the command, "To know yourself."

  • His big idea was that our lives so often go wrong

  • because we don't give ourselves time

  • to think carefully and logically.

  • Meaning that we often end up with the wrong values,

  • careers and relationships.

  • I want to marry the princess.

  • You? Marry the princess? [LAUGHING]

  • AZZYLAND: Plato observed how proud

  • people were about their instincts,

  • making snap decisions based on how they felt.

  • He compared this to being dragged along

  • by a group of blindfolded wild horses.

  • [HORSE NEIGHS]

  • NARRATOR: Daoism.

  • AZZYLAND: Daoism, or "The Way,"

  • is based on the concept of wu wei,

  • which means "non-doing" or "doing nothing."

  • But it doesn't mean being lazy.

  • Wu wei is connected to reverence

  • for the natural world.

  • We should behave like bamboo that bends in the wind

  • or the plant that adjusts itself to the shape of a tree.

  • Instead of trying to force things,

  • we must put our egos aside

  • to be at one with the environment.

  • We can be like water, which is submissive and weak,

  • but it has the power to wear down

  • what is hard and strong.

  • NARRATOR: Stoicism.

  • Stoicism flourished for around 400 years

  • in Ancient Greece and Rome.

  • But it's still a useful guide for teaching us

  • how to be calm and brave

  • in these uncertain and anxious times.

  • What we need to do is systematically

  • and intelligently crush every last vestige of hope.

  • It is far better, the Stoics proposed,

  • to courageously come to terms with every worst possibility

  • and then make ourselves entirely at home with them,

  • embracing what could happen if our worst fears came true.

  • We would cope.

  • Vogue break!

  • [MUSIC PLAYING]

  • NARRATOR: Machiavelli.

  • Machiavelli said, wicked people use lies,

  • threats and violence to get their way.

  • And that's why they rule the world.

  • Machiavelli's most famous book...

  • The Prince.

  • [DRUMROLL]

  • The Prince gave advice to princes,

  • who ran things in those days, on how to get things done.

  • The Prince was not a guide to being a tyrant.

  • It's a guide about what nice people

  • need to learn from tyrants,

  • so they can be effective.

  • [SNAPS] Manstool?

  • NARRATOR: Nietzsche.

  • Nietzsche's boldest assertion was that God is dead

  • and we killed him.

  • This was not some kind of boast.

  • Nietzsche thought that religious beliefs are very useful.

  • And he called for a reformation

  • in which people would fill the gaps

  • created by the disappearance of religion

  • with the wisdom and healing beauty of culture.

  • NARRATOR: Existentialism.

  • The Existentialists focused on the agony of choice.

  • They asked us to reject the delusion

  • that perfection is within reach.

  • That sinking feeling that we had

  • that option to choose correctly, but failed,

  • is an illusion.

  • Disappointment is just an inevitable characteristic

  • of the human condition.

  • [EXHALES]

  • [LAUGHS]

  • Philosophy used to be [BLEEP] cool,

  • with people like Socrates out in the streets

  • in Ancient Greece asking people real questions

  • and discussing [SNAPS] big ideas.

  • Over time, those big ideas

  • have become stuck in universities

  • and debated by people with no interest

  • in actually improving the world.

  • But the Internet is turning the tables

  • and philosophy is back, baby,

  • with ordinary people asking deep questions

  • in discussions just like this one.

  • Right here, on YouTube.

  • NARRATOR: So, now that you've had a crash course

  • in what philosophy actually is,

  • catch up on the rest of the series,

  • as some of YouTube's most popular creators

  • tackle some of philosophy's most intriguing ideas,

  • right here, on The School of Life.

  • Want to know more? Of course you do.

  • Click the link below.

Didn't I ask for a cocktail?

字幕と単語

ワンタップで英和辞典検索 単語をクリックすると、意味が表示されます

B1 中級

哲学入門|アジーランドの学校 (A Short Introduction To Philosophy | The School of Azzyland)

  • 4 0
    林宜悉 に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
動画の中の単語