Name: 【TED】マーク・パーゲル「言語能力が人類に与えた影響」 (Mark Pagel - How language transformed humanity (subtitles 41 languages))
Uploaded: 2015-11-07T22:00:00.000Z
Duration: 20 min 11 s

the most powerful, dangerous and subversive trait

生み出した破壊的で危険な力強い

I'm talking about your language, of course,

もちろん 自然言語の話をしています

because it allows you to implant a thought from your mind

言語を使用することで皆さんは

外科手術もなしに移植ができるのです

and they can attempt to do the same to you,

without either of you having to perform surgery.

皆さんだってその対象になりえます

you're actually using a form of telemetry

リモコンを使うのと似ていますが

from the remote control device for your television.

And just as you use the remote control device

to alter the internal settings of your television

to alter the settings inside someone else's brain

何かを取得するためのものです

And just imagine the sense of wonder in a baby

when it first discovers that, merely by uttering a sound,

使用禁止表現や語句があるのは

In fact, the Tower of Babel story in the Bible

実際 聖書の中の『バベルの塔』は

According to that story, early humans developed the conceit

自惚れた古代人が言語使用を通じて

that, by using their language to work together,

that would take them all the way to heaven.

Now God, angered at this attempt to usurp his power,

権力を奪おうとする人類に怒り

he scattered the people by giving them different languages --

confused them by giving them different languages.

that our languages exist to prevent us from communicating.

意思疎通の妨げとなっています

we know that there are words we cannot use,

Now all this fuss about a single one of our traits

言語使用におけるこのトラブルから

tells us there's something worth explaining.

and we take that as a sign of their intelligence.

これは賢さの証と解釈されています

why would they use a stick to extract termites from the ground

シロアリ捕獲の際 スコップではなく

本当に賢いならば 木の実を割る際

why would they crack open nuts with a rock?

Why wouldn't they just go to a shop and buy a bag of nuts

that somebody else had already cracked open for them?

殻なしのものを買わないのでしょう　理由は

Now the reason the chimpanzees don't do that

is that they lack what psychologists and anthropologists call

仲間のアイデアを発展させたり

仲間の過ちから学んだりできず

In fact, we could go away for a million years and come back

and these chimpanzees would be doing the same thing

チンパンジーは同じことをしているだけでしょう

同じように木の棒でシロアリを捕り

and the same rocks to crack open the nuts.

同じように石で木の実を割っているでしょう

Now this may sound arrogant, or even full of hubris.

ただの思い上がりだと思われているでしょう

Because this is exactly what our ancestors, the Homo erectus, did.

それは我々の先祖が当にそうだったからです

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【TED】マーク・パーゲル「言語能力が人類に与えた影響」 (Mark Pagel - How language transformed humanity (subtitles 41 languages))

trait

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