Name: 科学が教える、火事から生き延びる方法 (How to Survive a Fire, According to Science)
Uploaded: 2023-09-26T06:55:13.000Z
Duration: 4 min 31 s

プランがないのなら、ペンを取り出そう。

基礎受動態

Millions of fires are reported across the world every year.

In the United States alone, a house fire breaks out roughly every minute on average.

住宅火災の主な原因は、すべて防ぐことができる。

But life-saving decisions are made within seconds.

ほとんどの場合、私たちは単に注意を払っていないだけなのだ。

私たちは注意散漫になっているか、あるいは単に注意を払っていないかのどちらかだ。

If you don't have a plan, then get out a pen.

Here's how to survive a fire, according to science.

The main causes of house fires are all preventable.

私たちは皆、何度か危ない目に遭っている；

For the most part, we're simply not paying attention.

私たちの記憶に焼き付けられ、二度と繰り返されることはない。

We're either distracted or we're just not being careful;

だが、本当に教訓を学んだのか？

an unattended stove, a lit cigarette, a faulty appliance.

We've all had a few close calls burned into our memory, never to be repeated.

火災は予測不可能だが、あなたの生存はその必要はない。ストレスがあり、混乱があり、多くの熱がある、 

でも、何があっても冷静でいなければならない。そのための最善の方法は、何をすべきかを知ることだ。 

Fires are unpredictable but your survival doesn't have to be.

避難経路をいくつか計画し、慣れておくこと。

There's stress, there's confusion, there's a lot of heat, but no matter what, you've got to stay cool.

いくつかの選択肢があるのは常にいいことだ

And the best way to do that is knowing what to do.

落ち着いて、素早く、安全に脱出できる。

Plan a few escape routes and get familiar with them.

It's always nice to have a few options that can get you out calmly, quickly and safely.

部屋や家はあっという間に煙で充満し始める、

Your room or your home will start filling up with smoke very quickly.

And chances are you're going to have to pass through it in order to get out.

そしてチャンスは、外に出るためにそこを通過しなければならないことだ。

Breathing in too much smoke can cause you to pass out.

煙を吸いすぎると気を失うこともある。しかし、布を濡らして応戦することもできる。 

But you can fight back by wetting a cloth and holding it over your nose and mouth.

鼻と口を覆えば、数分余分に時間を稼げるかもしれない、

Covering your nose and mouth might only buy you a few extra minutes.

But in life and death, every second counts.

だが、生と死は一刻一刻を争う。

And while smoke may be a greater threat than the fire itself, it also rises.

So on top of protecting your nose and mouth, you can improve your chances by getting on your hands and knees and crawling your way towards an exit.

煙は火災そのものよりも大きな脅威かもしれないが、煙もまた上昇する。

だから、鼻と口を保護することに加えて、

In a house fire, a closed door can either save you or stop you in your tracks.

As you pass from one room to another, remember to close doors behind you to help prevent the fire from spreading any faster.

両手両膝をつくことで、チャンスを広げることができる、

Fires need oxygen to survive, so by closing doors, you're cutting off the free flow of oxygen between rooms.

そして這うようにして出口に向かう。住宅火災では、閉ざされたドアがあなたを救うこともあれば、足止めすることもある。 

By the same token, be careful when you open doors ahead of you.

部屋から部屋へ移動するとき、

Look for any smoke that might be coming through the cracks and feel the door itself for heat.

You don't want to open it if there's a fire raging on the other side.

If the door feels okay, then open it just to crack to make sure.

これ以上の延焼を防ぐためだ。

If the room's clear. Move ahead but stay alert.

火は生き残るために酸素を必要とする、

ドアを閉めれば、部屋と部屋の間の酸素の自由な流れを遮断することになる。

同じ意味で、前方のドアを開けるときにも注意が必要だ。

隙間から煙が出ていないか探す、

If your clothes ever catch fire, rolling back and forth will smother the flames so you can get back on track.

反対側で火の手が上がっていたら、開けたくないだろう。

You escape your burning home and reach a safe distance away when, oh no, your passport, your cat, your family photos, your priceless stamp collection.

Whatever it is, don't go back inside for anything.

ドアが大丈夫だと感じたら、念のため、ほんの少し開けてみてください。

部屋がクリアなら先に進むが、油断は禁物だ。

Put your safety first and leave the rest to the professionals.

そう、消防士たちは今でもこの信条を守っている。

Of course, all fires are unique and there's no guarantee that they'll play out in the way we just outlined.

もし服に火がついたとしても、前後に転がせば炎を消すことができる、

So if you're still in doubt, refer back to step one - be prepared.

そうすれば、再び軌道に乗ることができる。

Test your smoke alarms regularly, invest in a few fire extinguishers and get some rope ladders for the upper levels of your home.

And if you're ever in a situation where you're really trapped,

燃え盛る家から脱出し、安全な場所にたどり着いたとき、

a good tip is to block as much smoke as possible from getting into your room and then hanging some kind of visible fabric like a towel or bed sheet from your window.

This will signal your location to the firefighters and they'll be able to save you much faster.

If you know an aspiring chef or an absent-minded professor, show them this video, they'll thank you later.

And for answers to all your other burning questions, stay tuned for more according to science.

あなたの貴重な切手コレクション！