EvenwhatweknowasChristianitybeganas a cult, andwasviewedas a prettyweirdoneinitsearlydays. Infact, manybeliefsystemsandtraditionsthattodayweconsiderreligionswerecalledcultswhentheyfirstemerged. Let's headtotheThoughtBubble.
Inthe 1820s, a mannamedJosephSmithsaidhewasvisitedbyanangel. Theangelledhimtounearth a goldenbookwrittenin a languageSmithcalledReformedEgyptian. In 90 days, hetranslateditusingspecialstones, gavethegoldbookbacktotheangel, andpublishedall 588 pages. HecalledittheBookofMormon. Andwithit, hestartedtheLatter-daySaintsmovement.
Onecannotevenbesurewhetheritis a sect, a mysterycult, a newreligion, a church, a people, a nation, oranAmericansubculture. Indeed, atdifferenttimesandplaces, itisallofthese.
TotheAmericanpublic, brainwashingwas a scarybutconvincinganswertothequestion, whywouldanyonebecome a communist? Beforelong, brainwashingbecame a waytoexplainpeople's interestsinothermovementsthatsocietydeemedabnormal, likenewreligions.
Davidians, theFamilyInternational. AndwithCatholic, Evangelical, Jewish, Muslim, Buddhist, andHinducommunities. Lotsofreligiousleadersgainwealthfromtheirfollowers, includingmillionairepastorsofevangelicalmegachurches. Andsadly, abuseandsuppressionofvictimstorieshappeninmanyreligioustraditions. Dude, butwhatabout... No, see, you'rejustgoingtodothisforliterallyever. That's howtheseargumentswork. I'vebeenonTwitter. Bro, it's called X now. Okay, yeah, that's it. I'm done. Theharmsweassociatewithcultsaren't uniquetothem. Listen, I havetogo. I have a dentalprocedure I wouldprefertothisconversation.
So, as I wasabouttosay, manyscholarsofreligiontodaythinkthatweshouldditchthewordcultaltogetherbecauseitimpliesthatthingslikeabuseandexploitationandviolenceonlyhappenwithinthosecommunities, whenthetruthistheyoccuracrossreligions.
Catholictraditionslikeprayingwithrosariesandplacingofferingsonaltars, buttheydoitinhonorofSaintDeath, whooftenappearsas a skeletalwomanin a whitedress. Andbecause
Becausehere's thething. Maybewewanttocallanunfamiliargroup a cultbecausewe'reworriedaboutitsmembersandwewanttohighlightthattheymaybeindanger. Buttheproblemisthatsometimescallingsomething a cultbringsonnewtypesofdanger. Andingroupsalreadydisproportionatelytargetedbythepolice, furthermarginalizationcanbeespeciallydangerous.
Takewhathappenedin 1985 betweenthePhiladelphiapoliceand a primarilyBlacknewreligiousmovementcalledMOVE. MOVE's memberswerededicatedtoresistingracistsystemsthroughwhattheysawas a naturallifestylewithpracticeslikecompostingandcommunalliving.
Thebombingkilled 11 peopleanddestroyedthehomesof 250 neighbors. A reportoneyearlatercondemnedthepolice's actionsasunconscionable. Butnooneassociatedwiththebombingwasevercriminallycharged. Sowhilewetendtoassociatethewordcultwithviolence, wehavetoalsoaccountforhowthelabelitselfcanescalateviolence. Calling a community a cultcanchangehowit's policed, sometimesbringingmoreharmtovulnerablepeople.
Attheendoftheday, thewordcultiscomplicated. It's changedovertimeandstretchedtoincludeeverythingfromdrinkingtheKool-Aidtobeing a littletooobsessedwithDisneyWorld. Thoughthewordtriestodraw a hardlinebetweentraditionalandnon-traditionalreligions, timetendstoblurthatlineasnewreligionsgainfollowingandacceptanceandoldreligionsparticipateinsomeoftheabusivepracticesweassociatewithcults.
Sowhatis a cult, really? Well, manycontemporaryscholarsargueit's often a wayofsayingthisgroupistooweirdorthreateningordangeroustocountas a religion. Andofcourse, someofthosegroupsareweirdandthreateninganddangerous. Butthatlabeldoesn't necessarilybringusclosertoaddressingharmswithinorbeyondthem. Themembersofthesemovementsseekthesamethingfollowersofanyotherreligionseek—belonging, meaning, acceptance.