Name: 毒物学者がTwitterからのさらなる毒の質問に答える｜Tech Support｜WIRED[ワイアード (Toxicologist Answers More Poison Questions From Twitter | Tech Support | WIRED)
Uploaded: 2023-01-31T02:05:25.000Z
Duration: 14 min 14 s

I'm a board-certified toxicologist, and I'm here today to answer your questions from Twitter.

と、本日はTwitterからの質問にお答えします。

First up, we have a question from @koobylikon.

これが「ポイズンサポート」です。

まずは、@koobylikonさんからの質問です。

Well, a poison is a substance that can do damage to any living organism or to the environment,

おい、なんで毒が毒になるんだ？

まあ、毒はダメージを与える物質です。

If you drank six liters of water, that probably could kill you.

が、本当は服用量が重要なのです。

How about 118 cups of coffee in a row, or 75 espressos?

That would give you an overdose of caffeine.

Something else that could kill you right on your table: 225 gram of salt.

高用量で、一般に高い効果が得られる。6リットルの水を飲んだら 

There's a lot of things that you might not think are poisonous, but in the right dose they most definitely are.

それはおそらく、あなたを殺すかもしれない。

連続118杯のコーヒー、75杯のエスプレッソはいかがでしょうか。それだとカフェインの過剰摂取になる。 テーブルの上であなたを殺すかもしれないもの。 

Both sun poisoning and sunburn are both caused by over exposure to UV rays.

A severe, so sunburn becomes sun poisoning when it moves from just that red, hot rash to blisters,

feeling like you have the flu, dizzy, or nauseous.

Sun poisoning is your body's immune reaction to all of that sun damage.

So what do you do if you have either of those things?

しかし、適切な量を摂取すれば、間違いなく効果があります。

Make sure you drink lots and lots of water.

That sun damage will dehydrate you, and dehydration is the cause of a whole lot of other problems.

Stay out of the sun, apply cool, not icy cold, compresses on your skin.

Take an over-the-counter anti-inflammatory agent as well.

日焼けって言うくらいだから、そうなんだろうと思っていました。

日射病も日焼けも、どちらも原因は紫外線を過剰に浴びることで 

So if one happened to smash a mercury thermometer and then happened to spend an hour forensically gathering tiny dots of quicksilver from the floor,

how would one happen to safely dispose of the evidence?

赤くて熱い発疹から水ぶくれに変わるとき。

It is very, very important that you are careful and complete in how you actually clean up this spill.

インフルエンザにかかったような感じ、めまい、吐き気がする。

Mercury can vaporize, get into the air, and you can breathe it.

So you wanna see if you can have your windows open.

I know it's fun to let it play in your hand, but you can't do that anymore.

を、その日焼けによるダメージの全てに。

では、そのどちらかに該当する場合はどうすればいいのでしょうか？

水をたくさんたくさん飲むようにしましょう。

Use duct tape to kind of pound on the ground to clean it up.

その日焼けのダメージで脱水してしまう。

そして脱水は、他の多くの問題の原因となる。

All of those thing, those cleaning supplies, everything, put into some kind of giant Ziploc-type bag,

and then you're gonna have to wait until you have a hazardous waste collection day and dispose of it properly.

Do not clean up spilled mercury with the vacuum cleaner.

太陽に当たらないようにする。

Mercury is very, very dangerous for the environment, and it's also not great for you either.

氷のように冷たい湿布ではなく、冷たい湿布を肌に貼る。市販の抗炎症剤も服用してください。 

From @RickNowack, what is the most poisonous mushroom?

@WalkingDad_IEです。だから、もし、水銀温度計を壊してしまったとしても 

小さな点を集めるために1時間かけてフォレンジックを行い

Well, if you really want to know, it's probably the death cap mushroom.

Within six to 12 hours, you are in incredible pain.

Nausea, vomiting, violent chills, muscle contractions, all of these nasty things.

And eventually, if the dose was high enough, you end up having liver failure, multiple organ failure, and death.

どのようにしたら、証拠を安全に処分することができるのでしょうか？

I've been trying for so long to explain the difference between venom and poison when it comes to snakes to my friends. Help!

The difference really is how that poison is delivered to the person.

注意することはとてもとても重要です

A poison is administered or you're exposed to it via breathing or touching it or ingesting it.

そして、この流出事故を実際にどのように処理するのか、完全なものにしてください。

Venom, that is also a poison, but it's how you get that poison.

水銀は気化して空気に触れることがあります。

That's more of a sting or a bite. So it's more active.

を、呼吸することができます。

だから、窓を開けられるかどうか確認したいんですね。

You get bit by a copperhead snake, that's a venomous attack.

@WildlifeDefence asks, what is Compound 1080?

Compound 1080 is an extremely potent predacide.

So if you've got sheep and goats in your field and you've got a problem with coyotes, well, this is what you would use.

Because Compound 1080 is so potent, they have a special way to administer it to avoid killing broad numbers of animals in your field.

There's a collar that they put around the neck.

手元で再生させるのも楽しいとは思いますが。

So it's got a collar with a reservoir of the 1080 right along the neck so that when the coyote comes along and grabs the neck,

it bites into that reservoir and is immediately poisoned and dies.

@LTHSAPES asks, what does a toxicologist study?

Just like there's different kinds of doctors, there's lots of different kinds of toxicologists.

だから、手袋をするんだ。十分注意してください。 

I am an occupational toxicologist, and my job is to look at all the things that could be in a workplace.

ガムテープで地面を叩いて掃除するような感じで。

Food toxicologists, for example, they work to make sure our food supply is safe.

湿らせたペーパータオルを使ってもよい。

I even know a toxicologist that works at a winery.

それらのもの、掃除用具のすべて。

From @bluebellbats, Google search how to detect poison.

Unfortunately, to detect a poison, I'm gonna need to have a little bit more information.

をすべて、ジップロックのような巨大な袋に入れる。

If the lead singer is Brett Michaels, then I'm sure it is poison.

そして、あなたは待つ必要があります

If it's just bad medicine, sorry, that's Bon Jovi.

If it's party poison, that's My Chemical Romance.

を購入し、適切に廃棄してください。

@katlinnrebecca asks, so is alcohol actually poison, or...

こぼれた水銀を掃除機で掃除しないでください。

Anything can be a poison in the right dose, and alcohol is definitely a poison If you drink too much.

水銀は環境にとって、とてもとても危険な物質です。というのも、体にもよくありません。 RickNowackさんより、最も毒の強いキノコは何ですか？ 

First of all, alcohol can impair your central nervous system so that can slow your breathing.

A byproduct of alcohol metabolism is the formation of acetaldehyde.

一番毒がないとダメなんですか？

Acetaldehyde is a chemical that really likes to damage parts of your liver.

Long-term, that slow exposure over time to alcohol and its metabolites can result in cirrhosis and other kinds of liver damage,

eventually leading to potentially liver cancer.

From @lkhouvanjou75, mad hatters were mad because of the lead/mercury? Anybody know(s) why?

Hatters were mad because of the lead mercury anybody know why I do.

6時間から12時間以内に、信じられないような痛みに襲われるのです。

Mercury was used to help make the different skins.

筋肉の収縮など、厄介なものばかりです。

They used for hats, help that firm matt really well.

そして最終的には、投与量が十分であれば

It also toughened up the fibers and was made of very high quality felt that was going to be used in the hat.

Part of the hat making process is that you steam the hat that releases all of that mercury into the air and then they briefed it.

They said that they were mad Hatters, it's because of many of the psychological symptoms that the over exposure to the mercury caused hallucinations, dizziness.

You think of Mad Hatter's actually is something being from victorian times.

毒と毒の違いを説明するために

But actually it wasn't until 19 forties that in the United States the governor of Connecticut banned the use of mercury in hats Appy paul asks, how long does poison take to work?

ヘビといえば、私の友人たち。

Some poisons can make you sick right after you ingest breathe or touch it.

Other poise reasons those can take a lifetime to really manifest in its adverse effects.

違いは、その毒をどう届けるかです。

You've seen them eat those poison pills in movies that definitely can kill you within a few minutes.

毒物を投与された、または毒物にさらされた

Cyanide is a very toxic chemical and it is extremely potent.

When you get exposed to cyanide, it quickly enters your cell and stops your cell's ability to actually make energy.

You see the convulsions, you have a heart attack, you have different problems within your heart and it's all because cyanide is really good about getting in your body and inside those cells where irreversibly stops all energy production.

が、その毒をいかにして手に入れるかだ。