Name: Battle for the Dutch East Indies - Pacific War #8 Animated DOCUMENTARY
Uploaded: 2022-06-29T12:00:01.000Z
Duration: 21 min 13 s
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After an entire month of fighting, and with both Malaya and the Philippines thrown against

the ropes, the time had finally come for the final step of the Japanese advance.

Now, the Dutch East Indies, the final link in their planned defensive chain across the

Pacific, stood open for a Japanese attack.

And as the Japanese prepared to execute one of their most bold and brilliant plans of

invasion, the Malayan and Philippinean fronts saw the start of strong Allied resistance.

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The year of 1942 didn't start as a normal and regular year for the Dutch.

Their homeland, ravaged by war, was under the occupation of the enemy Germans; their

government and their queen were in exile, helping the Allies in any manner they could;

and their most important colony had become a target for Japanese expansion.

But this colony was not defenseless at all, as Lieutenant-General Hein ter Poorten counted

with around 85000 soldiers, with most of them concentrated at the island of Java.

The Dutch also counted with a sizable naval force of 5 cruisers, 8 destroyers, 12 submarines

and 56 other ships, under the command of Lieutenant-Admiral Conrad Helfrich, nicknamed "Ship-a-day Helfrich",

because he sank more Japanese ships in the first weeks of the war than the entire British

It's worth mentioning that Helfrich's small force of submarines was a formidable

opponent for the Japanese navy, sinking several of their ships as we've seen in the previous

Dutch air power was an important threat as well, having around 500 aircraft at their

disposal, from which some 300 were frontline aircraft.

These were based on several secret airfields scattered around the East Indies, such as

Samarinda II or Singkawang II, to where the Dutch planes would be transferred in case

of war, trying to prevent their destruction by a Japanese air attack.

These airfields were, however, quickly discovered by the invaders, then becoming vital strategic

objectives and easy prey for Japanese bombers.

For the invasion of the Dutch East Indies, the Japanese plan stipulated that they first

needed to secure footholds on Malaya and the Philippines . After this was achieved, the

Japanese would then launch an amphibious invasion of Borneo, making it the stepping stone from

which to launch the invasion of the East Indies.

Absolute coordination was essential for this operation, especially since the Indies were

the most important target of the Japanese offensives due to its richness in petroleum

oil, rubber, nickel, tin, scrap iron and other strategic resources . The 16th Army under

Lieutenant-General Imamura Hitoshi was appointed by the commander of the Southern Expeditionary

Army Group General Hisaichi Terauchi, to carry out the invasion of the East Indies, supported

by the 3rd Air Force once their operations in Malaya had concluded.

Originally, this army was composed by the 2nd Division and the Sakaguchi Detachment,

which took part in the conquests of Davao and Jolo; but Tokyo had also already planned

for the 38th and 48th Divisions, as well as the South Seas Detachment and many other units,

to be assigned to the 16th Army as the capture of Hong Kong, the Philippines, Malaya, Guam

Initially supporting the invasion of the Philippines, the 3rd Fleet of Admiral Takahashi and its

11th Air Fleet were also appointed to support the Dutch East Indies campaign.

The plan for the 16th Army was to launch a series of naval invasions against key points

in the Dutch East Indies, namely some of the secret airfields that we've discussed, as

the Japanese would need air support from these points for their planned invasion of Java.

This plan, drafted by the leading commanders of the 3rd Fleet, was very specific about

where and when each unit would carry out the invasion operations.

After securing Davao and Jolo, the Sakaguchi Detachment would land on Tarakan Island around

the 33rd day after the start of the war, then launching an invasion of Balikpapan ten days

Once Balikpapan was under Japanese hands, General Sakaguchi would naval invade Banjarmasin

around the 53rd day before finally landing on Bali some 16 days later.

Meanwhile, after taking Hong Kong, two battalions of the 38th Division would assemble in Palau

to seize Ambon and then attack Kupang in Timor Island; while the rest of the division would

be appointed to launch the invasion of southern Sumatra.

Finally, the main force of this army would execute the invasion of the island of Java.

The 2nd Division would be responsible for the landings in western Java, while the 48th

Division would take charge of the invasion of eastern Java.

The 3rd Fleet's Sasebo Force of SNLF marines and Yokosuka Force of paratroopers would also

be responsible for the subsequent capture of Manado, Kendari and Makassar in the Celebes,

while also assisting in the operations against Timor.

By January 3, with the rapid advances in the Malayan and Philippinean fronts and with the

successful capture of British Borneo, the Japanese command finally felt ready to start

On January 6, Takahashi's fleet arrived at Davao, where the Sakaguchi Detachment had

The following day, the invasion force departed Malalag Bay heading towards Tarakan Island

They were escorted by a fleet consisting of 9 destroyers and a light-cruiser, under the

Meanwhile, the Dutch had a garrison of around 1400 men in Tarakan, led by Lieutenant-Colonel

This force had prepared defensive positions expecting a Japanese attack to the west, yet

On January 10, Dutch reconnaissance detected the Japanese convoy en route to Tarakan, so

de Waal ordered the destruction of all oil installations in the island.

He also sent some bombers to disrupt the landings, but to no avail, as by the early hours of

January 11 after the official declaration of war on the Netherlands, some SNLF marines

and Sakaguchi's main force had already landed north of the Amal River.

They then marched south to the mouth of the river under a burning red sky, where they

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