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  • Are you surprised?

  • I'm surprised.

  • Every day, I'm surprised.

  • I wake up and I'm like "Wow, I didn't die.

  • I'm surprised I'm still here."

  • I'm more surprised that you haven't given me a donation.

  • Come on, what's going on?

  • Open your pockets, open your wallet, give me some money.

  • I'm dying here!

  • Today, I'm going to surprise you with some surprising plurals.

  • Now, plurals means that something has an "s", the opposite of plural is singular, and I

  • tell you all the time, English does not really follow a logical pattern, and this is a very

  • wonderful exception to this, and the reason why you make these mistakes - it's not your

  • fault.

  • It's English's fault.

  • I always tell you; I think when they were making my language, they were drunk, mmhmm.

  • They were just drinking and said let's just put an "s" here, but don't put one here, because

  • that'll be too easy and follow a pattern.

  • So, today's lesson is on surprising plurals.

  • You're going to be so surprised because I have a green thing.

  • Isn't that surprising enough?

  • So, the first one that I always want to exemplify and tell people is that people, yeah, are

  • always plural.

  • This means one is a person, and we do have the word "persons" in English, but we don't

  • say that.

  • Maybe your textbook says that.

  • Your textbook's stupid, because we don't say that, so people are always plural.

  • So, when you're taking about people, we need to use the verb "to be" in the plural sense.

  • We can't say "people is", we're going to say "people are".

  • So, people are always plural.

  • People are always going to work.

  • People are always buying things they don't need.

  • People are always copying other people.

  • Huh.

  • The next one is everyone.

  • So, logically in your brain, we have everyone or everybody, and these are the same, okay?

  • Everyone and everybody is the same word.

  • We think that everyone and everybody must be many people.

  • You're right, it is many people, but guess what?

  • This is actually not a plural!

  • This - for some strange reason, we treat as a singular.

  • So, if we have a verb here in the present tense, we have to say "everyone likes" or

  • "everybody feels".

  • I hear people say, "Everyone like me".

  • Hm, no, no, they don't actually.

  • Oh, ahem, of course they do, but you have to say, "Everyone likes me."

  • So, everyone and everybody, we treat this as a singular, so you need to put the "s"

  • on the base verb.

  • It's the same for no one and nobody.

  • Logically, in your brain, no one, not one, oh, that might work, but nobody, eh, one.

  • It has - it might make a little bit more sense, because these are actually singular, so you

  • need to put the "s", but again, I hear people say, "No one care", but you have to say "No

  • one cares", or "Nobody wants", okay?

  • And again, no one and nobody have the exact same meaning.

  • Everyone and everybody is the exact same.

  • It doesn't matter, choose your favorite, but remember, these ones are singular.

  • You must put the "s" on the verb.

  • And this might be probably the strangest one of all.

  • All of the.

  • So you're thinking, so, "all of the..." means "every", okay, which means more than one.

  • Not in English.

  • We have to say, "All of the hamburgers", so our noun here has to be a plural noun if it's

  • plural.

  • Now, if it's a singular noun, it's cool, but some of the, so, some of the people, we don't

  • need an "s", remember, but some of the dogs, we can't say "Some of the dog".

  • That would be a portion of the dog.

  • Some of the dog is delicious to eat, but other parts - no!

  • No, don't eat the dogs!

  • Come on!

  • Some of the dogs are cute.

  • Again, we have the negative "none of the", none of the pizzas are delicious, unfortunately.

  • So, when we have "All of the", "Some of the" and "None of the" with a noun that's plural,

  • we have to make sure that we put an "s" on the plural noun.

  • So, these are words that I hear frequently people who do not speak English as their native

  • language make mistakes on, and it's cool.

  • Just try and remember these guys always get an "s", yay for the "s".

  • And then, we have words that - hey, guess what, these ones don't need an "s" at all,

  • and the first one is the word vocabulary.

  • It is actually not vocabularies.

  • Now, I have a funny story.

  • I was sent an offer for a job and they said "Ronnie, please make a scenario about" now,

  • this is an English school, okay, this is an English school, "Please make a scenario about

  • a child who knows many vocabularies."

  • What?

  • I'm sorry, you're an English school, and you're sending me this as "vocabularies"?

  • Guess what?

  • Ronnie doesn't want this.

  • Ronnie's not taking this because "vocabulary" is what we see in English is uncountable.

  • You can't have vocabularies, you can only have vocabulary.

  • It is an uncountable noun, okay.

  • So, most of these ones I'm going to tell you about, we call uncountable nouns, and there's

  • an "s" just to make your life more confusing.

  • The other one, so, I know this website, yeah, maybe two of the websites, and they like to

  • pretend to teach English as well.

  • And when I look at their websites, they have things like "slangs".

  • And I think wow, in India, do all of the people learning English learn incorrectly that it's

  • "slangs"?

  • And I go "Oh, Lord Jesus, crazy people.", because it's not "slangs", it's "slang".

  • So, be careful.

  • Be careful what you're learning, be careful about the knowledge that people are giving

  • you, because it could be wrong!

  • Ah, go figure.

  • We don't have "informations", we only have one, and it's called "information", so you

  • can get a lot of wrong information on the internet.

  • Be careful.

  • Does your friend try to help you and give you encouragement and tell you what to do?

  • Actually, this word is "advice", and it's not plural.

  • You can't have "advices", even if it's from many people, it's just "advice, so you can

  • say, "My five friends gave me advice.".

  • They can't give you advices.

  • I like this one, this is my favorite.

  • I go to a restaurant sometimes.

  • Sometimes, I go to a restaurant because I eat food, wow, and I see on the menu "shrimps"

  • and I go "Oh, that's so cute, shrimps".

  • Ah, no, it's just "shrimp".

  • I know you want more than one shrimp, this is where English doesn't make sense, so I'm

  • going to walk up to a restaurant and I'll be like "Oh, I would like the shrimp, please."

  • And they're like "One shrimp!".

  • Waah!

  • I want more!

  • But, again, shrimp for some reason is uncountable.

  • I don't know why.

  • Now, as I told you, the reason why you make these mistakes is because maybe in your language,

  • these words are in plural.

  • Spanish, Portuguese, "vacaciones", I don't know how to say the word in your language,

  • but you guys say "vacations".

  • Guess what, "vacations" we don't use.

  • We don't say "I went on vacations.", but in your language, you say "vacaciones" and there's

  • an "s", so you go, "There must be an 's' in English."

  • Sorry, there's not.

  • So just be careful.

  • Furniture, we don't have furnitures.

  • What's furniture?

  • Furniture are things like desks, tables, chairs, beds, those all have "s", but generally as

  • a group, it's just furniture.

  • Oh, do you have knowledge?

  • Or knowledges?

  • Because if you have knowledges, you'd better check yourself because you can only have one.

  • This is, again, another uncountable noun.

  • Some animals - we say in the plural, dog - dogs, cat - cats, some we don't.

  • So, for example, sheep, we don't say sheeps, they're just sheep.

  • One sheep, seven sheep.

  • Fish as well, when the fish are all hanging out together and they're the same fish, we

  • just call them fish.

  • If we have many different kinds of fish, then we can get into the plural, but we're not

  • going there right now, and the delicious animal that Santa Claus uses for his sleigh, deer.

  • We don't say deers, we call them deer, so some animals in English are uncountable.

  • And, again, I think that when they were deciding this, the guy's like, or the girl's like "Okay,

  • so let's make sheep uncountable, but let's make dogs countable because I don't know."

  • I still haven't figured that out.

  • Then we have words that you guys are going to say the singular and then put an "s" on

  • it, or you're going to say the plural and put an "s" on it.

  • Example: "Teacher, when I was a childrens..."

  • Oh wow, hold on.

  • You, at some point in your life, were more than one person collectively?

  • So, when you were young, you were five different people and you became into one entity?

  • This is interesting.

  • Let's have a chat, okay?

  • Are you mutated?

  • So, we have to be careful.

  • All of these words do not have an "s", because we have specifically words for the singular

  • and the plural.

  • And again, with the pronunciation of this crazy language, let's go through this.

  • So, when you look at this word, it looks like "woah-man", "woah-man!", but it's actually

  • woman.

  • Woman.

  • Woman.

  • So, this one is singular.

  • And in the plural, we say women.

  • The best way for me to teach you this is swimming.

  • So, swimming women, it's going to sound like this - "wimmin", and this one is going to

  • sound like "wo-min".

  • So, singular we have "wo-min", I am a woman.

  • And plural, we have "wimmin", there are many women.

  • You can't say "There are many womans."

  • That's wrong.

  • Tooth, okay, one of these guys, only one, is called a tooth.

  • More than one are called teeth.

  • So, you can't say "teeths" and you can't say "tooths", but you might have known a lesson

  • I did about crazy English.

  • If not, go check it out because there's a thing that still doesn't make sense to me.

  • The thing that we use to brush our teeth, yeah, it's called a toothbrush, and the liquid

  • or the gel that we put on our toothbrush is called toothpaste.

  • So, I can just blame alcohol for this.

  • I don't know what else to say, I have no other excuse for the people that made this language

  • than "Were you loaded?

  • What's going on?"

  • So, tooth is singular, teeth is plural.

  • Toothbrush - check out that lesson, it's kind of funny.

  • And then we have man, which is one guy, and then we have men, which is more than one guy.

  • I'd like to give you one super amazing special tip, and this is going out to Rika, because

  • you're a brilliant girl.

  • My friend has decided a way to avoid saying words that are confusing for her.

  • So, instead of saying "woman" or "women" and getting this confused, smart girl, or she

  • says "ladies".

  • Ah, she said "Where's that lady?"

  • Now, the difference in English between woman or women and lady and ladies is a little bit

  • different.

  • Lady refers to someone who is well educated, maybe very beautiful, kind of a higher class

  • than women.

  • It's not 100% true, you can use these words interchangeably, it doesn't matter, but when

  • I think of the word "lady", I think of a kind of a higher class of a lady.

  • So, my friend has made this brilliant way, instead of mixing up woman or women, she just

  • says lady and ladies.

  • Woah, nice!

  • Now, you can do the same thing with man and men.

  • You can say guy and guys.

  • You can say dude and dudes.

  • So, if there's a word in English that you hate, first of all, try and say it, try and

  • pronounce it, but if you can't, choose another word, because hey, why not?

  • Makes your life easier.

  • This is a huge thing as well that I hear a lot of people saying.

  • Child - I have five childs.

  • Cool, so you have one child that becomes five - oh yeah, but you're the mother, you're the

  • one who was five children when you were younger, and now you're one, it doesn't make sense

  • still, so.

  • If you have one, it's a child.

  • If you have more than one, it's children.

  • The easy way around this is kid and kids.

  • You will probably get to understand that when we speak English naturally, we don't use the

  • world child and children.

  • It's too long, we usually say kid and kids.

  • Even in advertising, why?

  • How many letters do I have to print here?

  • How many letters do I have to print here?

  • So, most of the time, signs in English are going to read kid and kids instead of child

  • and children simply because of the fact because it's shorter.

  • It saves you time, saves me money.

  • So, I want you to think about your language and I want you to understand that just because

  • you have a plural word, it doesn't always happen that way in English.

  • So, we have words that actually have different singulars and plurals, these words here are

  • called uncountable nouns, which means you cannot use a plural.

  • Well, you can, but it's wrong, and then we have the word like "people", people are always

  • plural, and words like this where you have to put the "s" on the verb.

  • I'm just going to leave now, because it's just too much!

  • Bye!

Are you surprised?

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A2 初級

英語が嫌い!意外な複数形や単数形は? (I HATE English! Surprising plurals and singulars ?)

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    Summer に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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