Name: How symbols and brands shape our humanity | Debbie Millman
Uploaded: 2020-03-06T17:42:11.000Z
Duration: 14 min 13 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

the universe as we know it began with a big bang,

基礎受動態

and everything that we know and are and are made of was created.

our brains underwent a major genetic mutation,

which resulted in the biological reorganization of the brain.

Some scientists call this "The Big Brain Bang."

This is when Homo sapiens began to evolve into the modern species that we are today.

The Great Leap Forward activated most of our modern abilities:

there was an explosion of stone toolmaking,

the creation of our first sophisticated mark-making on the cave walls of Lascaux.

It's not a coincidence that we've gone from documenting our reality

you can now a book a trip to see the walls of Lascaux

men and women began to array themselves with makeup.

But this wasn't for seductive purposes; this was for religious convictions.

We wanted to be more beautiful, purer, cleaner

that we believed had more power than we did.

that has not practiced some form of organized worship,

Six thousand years ago, in an effort to unite people,

our ancestors began to design telegraphic symbols to represent beliefs

These symbols connected like-minded people,

These affiliations allowed us to feel safer and more secure in groups,

and the sharing created consensus around what the symbols represented.

With these marks, you knew where you fit in,

both for the people that were in the in crowd

and those, as importantly, that were excluded.

These symbols were created in what I consider to be a very bottom-up manner:

to honor the higher power that they ascribed to.

What's ironic is that the higher power actually had nothing to do with this.

they often shared identical characteristics,

given how scattered we were all over the planet.

We constructed similar rituals, practices and behaviors

no matter where we were anywhere on the globe.

We constructed rituals to create symbolic logos.

We developed strict rules on how to engage with each other

Some of the symbols have eerie commonalities.

The hand of God shows up over and over and over again.

It shows up as the hamsa hand in Mesopotamia.

It shows us as the hand of Fatima in Islam.

It shows up as the hand of Miriam in Judaism.

Now, when we didn't agree on what our beliefs and behaviors were

if we felt that somebody else's were incorrect,

and many of our first wars were religious.

to signify which side of the battlefield we belonged to,

because that was the only way to be able to tell friend from foe.

And now our flags are on mass-manufactured uniforms

Logos on products to identify a maker came next,

and brands were given legal recognition on January 1, 1876,

with the advent of the Trademarks Registration Act.

The first trademarked brand was Bass Ale,

and I kind of wonder what that says about our humanity

that first trademarked brand was an alcoholic beverage.

the first case of branded product placement.

in this very famous painting in 1882 by Édouard Manet.

One of the most widely recognized logos in the world today

Carolyn Davidson, a graphic design student,

originally created the logo for 35 dollars.

Upon seeing it, Nike CEO Phil Knight stated,