Name: 14.力・知識・道徳についてのニーチェ (14. Nietzsche on Power, Knowledge and Morality)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T04:48:07.000Z
Duration: 46 min 18 s
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様態の副詞

Prof: Okay, now today we move--basically we

And there is a lot of similarity between the three

authors we will be discussing: Nietzsche, Freud and Max Weber.

You know, Durkheim will be a somewhat different kind of

died in 1900, but he was out of action for

ten years because of mental illness, rather severe mental

He published all of his work in the nineteenth century.

Freud and Weber started to publish in the nineteenth

But these three characters, in many ways,

are very important bridges towards twentieth century social

In a way they did foreshadow a great deal of theorizing,

particularly during the second half of the twentieth century,

especially in the last thirty or forty years.

I think it's also very easy to see the point of departure from

but the basic point of department from Marx in the work

If I can put it very simply, the major departure is that

they all depart from Marx's economic reductionism--

right?--the emphasis on economic interest,

It was common in Adam Smith, and Marx as well.

They depart from this and they emphasize that the problem in

modernity is not so much in the economic system;

it is much more in terms of power and consciousness.

The problem of modernity is repression, in one way or

The problem of modern life is that we internalize the reasons

for our own subjugation, as such, and somehow we have to

figure out how to liberate ourselves from this internalized

Why do we actually accept that we are subjugated?

This is the central question, I think, Nietzsche,

It's again a question which has not been really asked by the

They just had civil society as a point of reference for the

Now the problem for Nietzsche, Freud, and Weber is in us,

internally--in us, how we solve the problem within

So this is a kind of introducing the three authors.

Freud, and Weber not only foreshadows twentieth century

social theory, but in some ways they are the

first of post-modern theorists-- right?--the theorists which are

beginning to come to terms with the oppressive nature of

Now I think what I asked you to read for today is probably the

The Genealogy of Morals, and you may have been greatly

frustrated by it, and probably also irritated by

it, because he's a very provocative mind.

I hope you did what I suggested; namely, you had a cursory

after my lecture notes, and I think that should help

you to find your way out and to see what he is really up to.

Let me just foreshadow, before I get into his life and

work, and particularly in Genealogy of Morals.

There is another point in which Nietzsche, Freud,

and Weber can be understood in relationship to Marx.

In my very introductory comments, I emphasized the

difference--right?--the shift away from the economy to the

But there is a point at which there is a continuity between

them and Marx--Nietzsche, Freud and too mainly Weber;

I mean, Weber is a somewhat more complicated story.

But certainly Nietzsche and Freud are critical theorists;

critical theorists in the sense as we defined this earlier.

Critical theorists, that they are offering a

What is in our mind and how did it get into our mind,

and how-- and the problem of our consciousness in

And this is very much critical theory as it was defined by

Hegel and then the young Marx, the Hegelian Marx,

This is very much coming from this tradition,

and the central issue is how can we subject this to critical

And in Nietzsche's case, there is an incredible attempt

being made here to try to offer a critical theory which does not

All critical theories of Hegel and Marx and twentieth century

critical theory do have an idea of a good society,

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14.力・知識・道徳についてのニーチェ (14. Nietzsche on Power, Knowledge and Morality)

ultimate

mental

critical

relationship