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  • JUDY WOODRUFF: As we reported earlier, China is still struggling to contain the coronavirus,

  • officially known as COVID-19. The virus has now killed more than 2,000 people worldwide.

  • William Brangham has the latest.

  • WILLIAM BRANGHAM: There are still many, many questions researchers have about this viral

  • outbreak. but we do have new information from the Chinese government about the virus' mortality

  • rate, and other important concerns.

  • Dr. Anthony Fauci is the director of the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious diseases

  • at the NIH. He joins me again tonight from the NIH campus.

  • Dr. Fauci, thank you very much for being here.

  • Chinese officials seem increasingly confident that they're able to get their hands around

  • this outbreak. They think they're going to contain it and seemingly arguing that the

  • number of new cases is going to plateau pretty soon.

  • Do you agree with that?

  • DR. ANTHONY FAUCI, Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Well,

  • I think we really, really need to wait and see if that's the case.

  • They have been talking about the numbers of cases each day being less than the previous

  • day over the past few days in a row. I would hope that that's the turning point. But I

  • really think we need to reserve judgment on that, because we still have a very serious

  • problem in China right now.

  • So, hopefully, that's making the turning around. But I'm not quite sure of that yet.

  • WILLIAM BRANGHAM: I mentioned before about how we're getting a better look at the mortality

  • rate of this virus, meaning, of the number of people who get infected, how many are likely

  • to die?

  • What can you tell us about that?

  • DR. ANTHONY FAUCI: Well, if you look at the official counts of the 70-plus-thousand people

  • infected and the about 2,000 deaths, the mortality -- or the case fatality rate, as we refer

  • to it, is approximately 2 to 2.3 percent.

  • If you compare that with seasonal influenza, which is 0.1 percent, this is a serious level

  • of mortality, not as bad as SARS back in 2002, which was 9 to 10 percent, and the Middle

  • East Respiratory Syndrome, another coronavirus in 2012, which was about 36 percent.

  • I do not believe that the 2 percent is the really ultimately correct case fatality rate.

  • And the reason I say that is because the denominator for that calculation is probably much larger

  • than they are putting into it.

  • For example, there are many, many individuals who have either asymptomatic disease or minimally

  • symptomatic, which means they're not being counted as an individual who is sick. So,

  • when the denominator gets much larger, then the case fatality rate will go down.

  • So, myself and other of my colleagues are figuring that it is likely 1 percent or less,

  • when you count all the people who are infected and do the calculation for a fatality rate.

  • WILLIAM BRANGHAM: We also know that this is a fairly contagious virus. But there has been

  • some question as to whether or not people are contagious before they show symptoms.

  • What do we know about that?

  • DR. ANTHONY FAUCI: Well, we certainly know that there are a lot of people who are infected

  • without symptoms.

  • There have been anecdotal cases that I think are pretty solid that there has been transmission

  • from a person who has no symptoms to another person. I think that's going to turn out to

  • be a real phenomenon.

  • The question that still remains unanswered is, what is the extent of that asymptomatic

  • transmission? Is it a minor component of the outbreak or it is a substantial component?

  • If it is a substantial component, that then becomes problematic, because that would mean

  • that, when you do screening for people, you can't rely just on whether or not they're

  • symptomatic. You have to do a test. So that's the big question that we're pursuing right

  • now.

  • What is the degree of asymptomatic transmission?

  • WILLIAM BRANGHAM: On this issue of contagiousness, there's a term that people might have heard

  • floating around, this issue of a super spreader, someone who's particularly contagious.

  • Is that a real phenomenon?

  • DR. ANTHONY FAUCI: It is a real phenomenon.

  • We saw it very clearly in the SARS outbreak in 2002. And there are a number of episodes

  • now that have been reported that indicate that a given individual -- I mean, the word

  • super spreader is used, and that kind of confuses people what you mean by that.

  • It means that a person has such a high level of virus that they're shedding that, when

  • they come into contact with a group of people, that the odds of their infecting more than

  • just one of them, maybe several people at a shot, those are the ones that we're calling

  • super spreaders.

  • We have seen it within family units, and we have seen it particularly among health care

  • providers, where you have one person might infect five, six, seven or even 10 health

  • care providers, hence the designation of a super spreader.

  • So the answer to your question is that it is a real phenomenon.

  • WILLIAM BRANGHAM: All right, Dr. Anthony Fauci, thank you very much for the update.

  • DR. ANTHONY FAUCI: Good to be with you.

JUDY WOODRUFF: As we reported earlier, China is still struggling to contain the coronavirus,

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B1 中級 新型コロナウイルス 新型肺炎 COVID-19

症状がなくても新型コロナウイルスにかかっている人もいるかもしれません。それはそれで問題になります。 (Some people may be catching novel coronavirus without symptoms. That would be a problem)

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    林宜悉 に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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