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  • It's AumSum Time

  • How were French Fries invented?

  • Don't know.

  • But let us give that inventor a dab.

  • Yes surely.

  • French fries are loved all across the globe.

  • But who exactly introduced these golden strips to the world?

  • One popular theory traces the origins of French fries to Belgium.

  • It is said that in Belgium, poor villagers living near Meuse river.

  • Often ate fried fish caught from the river.

  • However, winters caused the river to freeze.

  • Forcing villages to find alternative sources of food, thus turning towards potatoes.

  • They cut and fried the potatoes in the same way as they used to fry the fish.

  • Then, during World War I. American soldiers stationed at Belgium were given these fried potatoes to eat.

  • They absolutely loved the taste.

  • Since the dominant language of Belgium was French.

  • The soldiers named the fried potatoes as French Fries.

  • And voila French Fries were invented.

  • Comets.

  • Why do comets have tails?

  • Maybe because, like monkeys, they can hang themselves on trees.

  • No.

  • Let me explain.

  • A comet is a mixture of rocks, dust and ice.

  • This ice is basically frozen water and frozen gases.

  • When a comet approaches the sun, it starts to heat up.

  • Converting ice directly into gas and releasing trapped dust particles in space.

  • So, you mean a comet has two tails.

  • Absolutely.

  • Stop bluffing.

  • No.

  • It is true.

  • The ultraviolet radiations from the sun ionize the gas.

  • And the solar wind carries this ionized gas away from the sun, forming an ion tail.

  • Whereas, the light from the sun exerts pressure on the dust particles.

  • And pushes them away, creating a dust tail.

  • Friction.

  • Why is it difficult to pull a boat on the beach than on the sea?

  • Hey.

  • You will find it difficult to pull the boat on the beach.

  • Pull it on the sea.

  • There it will be quite easy.

  • Indeed.

  • Why not?

  • Fine.

  • Don't listen.

  • I am so tired.

  • At least now try to pull the boat on the sea.

  • It is quite easy, right?

  • Do you know why?

  • This is because of friction.

  • Friction is the force which opposes the motion of an object.

  • It always acts in the direction opposite to the direction of motion.

  • The amount of friction depends upon the texture of an object.

  • And the surface on which it is being moved.

  • Rough textures or surfaces offer greater friction.

  • As compared to smooth textures or surfaces.

  • Do you want to say that my brand new boat has a rough texture?

  • No.

  • Even though the texture of the boat is almost smooth.

  • The small particles of sand present on beach form a rough surface.

  • Hence, when we pull the boat on beach, the sand particles offer greater friction.

  • And oppose the motion of the boat.

  • Thus, making it difficult to move the boat on beach.

  • However, the sea being a liquid, forms a smooth surface.

  • Hence, when we pull the boat on sea, it offers less friction.

  • Thus, making it comparatively less difficult to pull the boat on sea.

  • Red eye effect.

  • Why do my eyes glow red in photos?

  • Because there is a devil hidden in you.

  • Stop bluffing.

  • Alright.

  • I will explain.

  • It happens because of blood vessels in our eyes and pupil.

  • Pupil is a small opening whose size is adjusted by circular muscle called iris.

  • In bright light, the iris contracts making the pupil smaller.

  • Thus, allowing less light to enter into our eyes.

  • In dark, iris relaxes making pupil larger, thus, allowing more light to enter.

  • And also exposing the blood vessels in our eyes.

  • Hence, when we take a photo in such a dark environment.

  • The flash of light from the camera floods into our eyes at once.

  • Some of this light gets reflected from the blood vessels onto the camera.

  • Before our iris can contract, making our eyes glow red in photos.

  • Air pressure.

  • How do straws work?

  • They work very hard.

  • No.

  • Straws work because of air pressure.

  • Is it similar to acupressure?

  • No.

  • Air pressure is weight of air pressing down on earth and all other objects present on it.

  • Now, when a straw is in a liquid.

  • The air pressure upon liquid in glass and air pressure upon liquid in straw is similar.

  • Causing the levels of liquid to be almost equal.

  • However, when we drink the liquid through straw.

  • We first inhale causing the air from the straw to flow into our lungs.

  • Now due to absence of air, the air pressure in the straw decreases.

  • Hence, air pressure present on the liquid of glass pushes the liquid into the straw.

  • Causing it to move upwards and thus, helping us drink.

  • Pneumonia.

  • What causes pneumonia?

  • The letter P.

  • No.

  • Pneumonia is a lung infection caused by microorganisms.

  • Which generally leads to difficulty in breathing.

  • Normally, we inhale oxygen rich air which reaches our alveoli.

  • Alveoli are surrounded by blood capillaries.

  • Here, the oxygen through the walls of alveoli diffuses into our blood.

  • However, sometimes we also inhale harmful microorganisms.

  • Mostly, the cilia and mucous in our respiratory tract trap these microorganisms.

  • Which are then expelled while coughing.

  • But sometimes, the microorganisms do not get trapped and reach the alveoli.

  • There they start to multiply, causing lung infection, i.e., pneumonia.

  • Oh no.

  • Now what to do?

  • Now, to protect ourselves, the immune cells start attacking the microorganisms.

  • Causing inflammation and accumulation of fluid in the alveoli.

  • As a result, the inhaled oxygen cannot get easily diffused into blood.

  • Thus, causing difficulty in breathing.

  • Bad breath.

  • Why do we get bad breath?

  • It is not bad breath.

  • It is perfume.

  • Gross.

  • Bad breath is generally caused by bacteria that live in our mouth.

  • These bacteria feed on food particles which get stuck in our teeth, gums and tongue.

  • They breakdown the food particles into simpler forms.

  • Releasing foul smelling compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, methanethiol.

  • And cadaverine.

  • These gases form the bad breath.

  • But why is morning breath so bad?

  • Usually during the day.

  • Saliva carries the food particles and bacteria from the mouth into our stomach.

  • Thus, controlling the bad breath.

  • However, when we sleep, we produce less saliva, making our mouth dry.

  • This increases the growth of bacteria, thus increasing the breakdown food.

  • And producing bad breath in the morning.

  • Why does sunlight make you sneeze?

  • Because sun teases our nose.

  • No.

  • Wait, I will explain.

  • Sneezing caused by sunlight or bright light is called photic sneezing.

  • According to a prevailing theory.

  • It happens because of a thick nerve bundle called the trigeminal nerve.

  • The trigeminal nerve detects or senses irritants in our nose.

  • And thus, triggers sneezing to expel them out.

  • The trigeminal nerve lies quite close to the optic nerve.

  • Which sends visual information from our eyes to the brain.

  • Now, in some people this optic nerve is over sensitive.

  • Just like me, right?

  • Just listen.

  • When bright light suddenly stimulates the optic nerve.

  • The optic nerve mistakenly transmits some signals to the nearby trigeminal nerve.

  • Hence, the trigeminal nerve misinterprets this signal as an irritant in the nose.

  • And thus, triggers sneezing.

  • Why do mosquitoes bite only some people?

  • Because they are lazy.

  • No.

  • There are a number of reasons why some people are more prone to mosquito bites.

  • One of them is body odor.

  • Millions of bacteria which live on our skin produce various gases.

  • These gases form our body odor.

  • Some of these body odors attract the mosquitoes.

  • So, this is the reason why mosquitoes prefer me.

  • Besides this, a popular research found that.

  • Mosquitoes tend to bite people with Type O blood.

  • Nearly twice as often as those with Type A. Exercising can also entice mosquitoes.

  • This is because when we exercise, we release more carbon dioxide, heat and sweat.

  • Mosquitoes can detect this carbon dioxide and heat.

  • They can also sense various substances in our sweat such as lactic acid.

  • Thus, making us more likely to get bitten.

  • Why are flamingos pink?

  • Wait, I will explain.

  • A baby flamingo is not pink.

  • It is actually born with grey feathers.

  • So, does it spray paint itself with pink color?

  • No.

  • Flamingos get their pink or orange color from their food.

  • Which is mainly algae and shrimps.

  • These organisms contain carotenoids.

  • Carotenoids are reddish orange colored pigments.

  • When a flamingo eats algae and shrimps, its liver extracts the colored pigments.

  • The pigments are then absorbed by fats.

  • These fats start depositing in the flamingo's growing feathers.

  • Which eventually cause the flamingo to turn pink or orange.

  • Now, an interesting fact is that we also eat fruits that contain carotenoids.

  • Such as carrots, apricots, mangoes, etc.

  • But we do not eat enough of these fruits for them to affect our skin color.

  • Why do dogs wag their tails?

  • Because they are happy.

  • A dog's wagging tail does not always mean that it is happy or excited.

  • So, what does it mean?

  • Popular researches and studies over the years suggest that.

  • The tail position and wagging direction represent different feelings or moods of dogs.

  • When the tail is hung down in its natural position.

  • It means that the dog is calm and is not worried.

  • If the tail is curled in between its legs, it indicates that the dog is scared or anxious.

  • When the tail is straight up, it indicates that the dog is curious.

  • Or wants to show other smaller dogs that it is bigger and dominant.

  • Moreover, if the tail wags towards right.

  • The dog is expressing positive emotions such as joy, excitement, etc.

  • However, if it wags towards left.

  • It conveys negative emotions such as anxiety, stress, etc.

  • Why is yawning contagious?

  • Because everybody wants to sleep.

  • No.

  • There are a couple of theories which explain why yawning is contagious.

  • One of them suggests that it is a sign of empathy.

  • Empathy is the ability to understand and share others feelings.

  • For example, when people around us are happy and smiling.

  • They make a positive impact on us.

  • Hence, we also feel good and begin to smile.

  • Moreover, the closer we are to someone such as our parents or friends.

  • The more likely we are to catch their yawn.

  • That is awesome.

  • Another theory suggests that mirror neurons present in brain make us copy.

  • Or mimic actions performed by someone else.

  • Hence, when we see people around us yawn, our mirror neurons get activated.

  • Thus, making us mimic their yawn.

  • We may have evolved such characteristic to promote social bonding.

  • Why do elephants have big ears?

  • To fly.

  • Not at all.

  • Ears basically help to hear.

  • Besides this, big ears of the elephants also help it to regulate its body temperature.

  • But how can ears help to regulate body temperature?

  • In living beings like elephants, blood supplies heat to all parts of the body.

  • Thus, helping it to maintain the body temperature.

  • However, due to metabolic activities or hot climate.

  • Sometimes heat in blood can increase, thus increasing body temperature of elephant.

  • Now an elephant's big ears are filled with blood vessels.

  • Which are very close to the surface of the skin.

  • Hence, when blood having more amount of heat flows through ears of elephant.

  • The heat from the blood escapes into the atmosphere.

  • Cooling the blood and in turn cooling the elephant.

  • How do glasses work?

  • They work very hard to make us look intelligent and studious.

  • No.

  • When light from an object reaches our eyes, the cornea and lens refract the light.

  • In a person having perfect vision, the refracted light is accurately focused on retina.

  • The retina then sends information to the brain, informing it about the object.

  • However, in some people, the light does not get properly focused on the retina.

  • Causing blurry vision.

  • When light gets focused before the retina, the defect is called myopia.

  • Myopia can be corrected using glasses having concave lenses.

  • Whereas, when light gets focused behind the retina.

  • The defect is called Hyperopia or hypermetropia.

  • Hypermetropia can be corrected using glasses having convex lenses.

  • Apart from these, there are other defects also like presbyopia and astigmatism.

  • Which can also be corrected using glasses having appropriate lenses.

  • Can pure oxygen kill you?

  • No idea.

  • The air we breathe has many gases out of which 21% is oxygen.

  • When we inhale.

  • Much of the oxygen present in air binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells.

  • And is transported to various cells where it helps to produce energy.

  • However, some inhaled oxygen also turns into free radicals.

  • Free radicals are highly unstable and can be harmful.

  • Hence, our body produces antioxidants that neutralize the free radicals.

  • But if we inhale pure oxygen for a long time.

  • Then the number of free radicals increases.

  • It becomes difficult for the antioxidants to neutralize them.

  • Hence, the unstable free radicals begin to bind with proteins in red blood cells.

  • And change their chemical structure.

  • As a result, our immune system does not recognize the red blood cells.

  • And begins to kill them.

  • Besides this, free radicals even damage the DNA which can lead to cancer.

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フライドポテトはどのようにして発明されたのか?| フレンチフライはどのようにして発明されたのでしょうか? (How were French Fries Invented? | #aumsum)

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    AumSum に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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