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  • It could be argued that many American citizens have lost hope. Some towns are riddled with

  • unemployment. Violence is rife. Gun crime in some places is out of control. Look at

  • places like Detroit and Baltimoresome of the highest murder rates in the United

  • States. Some people have turned to opioids to ease the pain. Places like Huntington in

  • West Virginia have been ravaged by heroin. 150 out of every 1000 babies born in the state

  • are already addicted to opioids. Police claim that 90% of their work involves drug-related

  • offences. In August 2016, they dealt with 28 overdoses in a single day. Huntington only

  • has a population of 47,000 — and it's slipping. You can see on this chart the increase

  • in drug overdoses in the last 20 years in the US, especially over the last five years.

  • Something has gone wrong in the United States.

  • With a US presidential election coming up in 2020, it's only natural that some of

  • the candidates are trying to fix this mess. Andrew Yang is one of those candidates. From

  • his Yang2020 campaign website, he states,

  • “I'm Andrew Yang, and I'm running for President as a Democrat in 2020 because I

  • fear for the future of our country. New technologiesrobots, software, artificial intelligence

  • have already destroyed more than 4 million US jobs, and in the next 5-10 years, they

  • will eliminate millions more. A third of all American workers are at risk of permanent

  • unemployment. And this time, the jobs will not come back.”

  • Yang is running on one major idea that he says will level the playing field in America

  • universal basic income. That is, giving money to all Americans, no strings attached.

  • He says,

  • As president, my first priority will be to implement Universal Basic Income for every

  • American adult over the age of 18: $1,000 a month, no strings attached, paid for by

  • a new tax on the companies benefiting most from automation. UBI is just the beginning.

  • A crisis is underwaywe have to work together to stop it, or risk losing the heart of our

  • country. The stakes have never been higher.”

  • His words are not just pleasantries. Yang has his own young family and is deeply concerned

  • about their future. He writes,

  • “I'm the father of two young boys. I know the country my sons will grow up in is going

  • to be very different than the one I grew up in, and I want to look back at my life knowing

  • I did everything in my power to create the kind of future our children deservean America

  • of opportunity, freedom, equality, and abundance.”

  • So what is a Universal Basic Income?

  • Universal Basic Income (UBI) is a form of social security that guarantees a certain

  • amount of money to every citizen within a given governed population, without having

  • to pass a test or fulfil a work requirement. Every Universal Basic Income plan can be different

  • in terms of amount or designAndrew Yang is running for President as a Democrat in

  • 2020 on the platform of Universal Basic Income. The UBI he is proposing for the United States

  • is a set of guaranteed payments of $1,000 per month, or $12,000 per year, to all U.S.

  • citizens over the age of 18. Yes, that means you and everyone you know would get another

  • $1,000/month every month from the U.S. government, no questions asked.”

  • I know what many of you may be askingHow would America pay for such a scheme?

  • It would be easier than you might think. Andrew proposes funding UBI by consolidating

  • some welfare programs and implementing a Value- Added Tax (VAT) of 10%. Current welfare and social

  • program beneficiaries would be given a choice between their current benefits or $1,000 cash

  • unconditionallymost would prefer cash with no restriction.”

  • We already have a VAT in Australiait's called the GST. Actually, “160 out of 193

  • countries in the world already have a Value-Added Tax or something similar”, so it's nothing

  • new.

  • Yang proposes that there will be four souces to pay for the proposed UBI. They are,

  • 1. Current spending. We currently spend between $500 and $600 billion a year on welfare programs,

  • food stamps, disability and the like. This reduces the cost of Universal Basic Income

  • because people already receiving benefits would have a choice but would be ineligible

  • to receive the full $1,000 in addition to current benefits.

  • 2. A VATOur economy is now incredibly vast at $19 trillion, up $4 trillion in the

  • last 10 years alone. A VAT at half the European level would generate $800 billion in new revenue.

  • A VAT will become more and more important as technology improves because you cannot

  • collect income tax from robots or software.

  • 3. New revenuePutting money into the hands of American consumers would grow the economyThe

  • Roosevelt Institute projected that the economy would grow by approximately $2.5 trillion

  • and create 4.6 million new jobsThis would generate approximately $500 – 600 billion

  • in new revenue from economic growth and activity.

  • 4. We currently spend over one trillion dollars on health care, incarceration, homelessness

  • services and the likeWe would save $100 – 200 billion as people would take better

  • care of themselves and avoid the emergency room, jail, and the street and would generally

  • be more functionalUniversal Basic Income would pay for itself by helping people avoid our

  • institutions, which is when our costs shoot upSome studies have shown that $1 to a

  • poor parent will result in as much as $7 in cost-savings and economic growth.

  • And lastly, what are the benefits of a Universal Basic Income?

  • UBI encourages people to find work. Many current welfare programs take away benefits when recipients

  • find work, sometimes leaving them financially worse off than before they were employed.

  • UBI is for all adults, regardless of employment status, so recipients are free to seek additional

  • income on top of their UBI.

  • UBI reduces bureaucracy. It's easier to implement a welfare program without complicated

  • eligibility requirements.

  • UBI increases bargaining power for workers because a guaranteed, unconditional income

  • gives them leverage to say no to exploitative wages and abusive working conditions.

  • UBI increases entrepreneurship because it provides for basic needs in the early lean

  • days of a company and acts as a safety net if the business fails.

  • UBI improves the mental health of recipients because it reduces conditions of scarcity,

  • poverty, and financial insecurity, major sources of stress for millions of people.

  • UBI helps people make smarter decisions. Studies have shown that people in straits of economic

  • insecurity have a reduced cognitive ability equal to 13 IQ points. UBI would provide the

  • security people need to focus on important things like their families.

  • UBI improves physical health. With increased economic security, people are less prone to

  • stresses, disease, and self-destructive behaviour. A UBI experiment in Canada saw hospitalisation

  • rates go down 8.5%.

  • UBI increases art production, nonprofit work and caring for loved ones because it provides

  • a supplementary income for those interested in labour that isn't supported by the market.

  • UBI improves labour market efficiency because fewer workers are stuck in jobs that are a

  • bad fit.

  • UBI improves relationships by reducing domestic violence, child abuse, financial stresses,

  • and sources of conflict. It ensures that everyone has an optimistic sense of his or her own

  • future and has the mobility to get out of abusive relationships.

  • And there we go, that's Andrew Yang's 2020 presidential campaign in a nutshell.

  • Some Australians might be asking, “How does this affect me?”. Well, it doesn't directly

  • affect you, but I can guarantee you if America implements a universal basic income, Australia

  • will soon follow suit. It will be like a domino effect around the world.

  • Anyway, feel free to check out Andrew's Yang's Yang2020 website. I've got links

  • to it below. Most of the information in this video was taken from that website. I'm hoping

  • Andrew won't mind as I'm trying to spread his message.

  • Anyway, thanks for listening.

It could be argued that many American citizens have lost hope. Some towns are riddled with

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アンドリュー・ヤン大統領候補と彼のユニバーサル・ベーシック・インカムの約束 (Andrew Yang, Presidential Candidate, and His Universal Basic Income Promise)

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    王惟惟 に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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