Before a doctorcanprescribe a drugortreatment, ithastobetestedinclinicaltrialstoverifyit's botheffectiveandsafeforpeopletouse.
医師が薬や治療法を処方する前に、臨床試験で効果と安全性を確認しなければなりません。
So, justwhatis a clinicaltrialyoumightask?
では、治験とは何でしょうか?
Well, usingvolunteersorparticipants, a clinicaltrialis a researchstudythat's meanttoevaluate a neworexistingmedical, surgical, orbehavioralintervention.
Theyletusseeif a specifictreatment, maybe a medicaldevicelike a pacemakeror a vaccinetopreventchickenpoxissafe, effective, andifithasanybadsideeffectswhichareallveryimportant!
Evenwhenpenicillinbecamethego-totreatmentin 1947, researchersdidn't offerittotheparticipantsorgivethem a chancetoquitthestudy, whichlastedforanother 25 years.
TopreventanotherstudylikeTuskegee, thegovernmentpassedtheNationalResearchActin 1974, whichaddedmanyrulesandregulationstoprotectparticipantsandensureeverystudymeets a hostofethicalstandardsbeforeit's approved.
タスキギーのような研究を防ぐために、政府は1974年に国家研究法を可決しました。
Ifyouvolunteerfor a clinicaltrialtoday, restassured, there's a wholenetworkofInstitutionalReviewBoards, orIRBs, thatguaranteeyoursafetyandprotectionintheresearch.