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  • Narrator: ln a bug's world, life is always in the balance.

  • There are so many ways to die.

  • Around every corner, super-strength assassins...

  • They are just incredibly fast with enormous force.

  • Narrator: ...bizarre weapons...

  • They have absolutely insatiable appetite.

  • Narrator: ...and ruthless personalities.

  • They are incredibly effective predators.

  • Narrator: Every day these battles are waged,

  • hidden from human eyes,

  • in the secret world of Monster Bug Wars.

  • The rainforest --

  • rich, beautiful, frightening.

  • Monsters live here,

  • hiding in the darkest, dankest corners.

  • They're the stuff of nightmares.

  • When a giant rainforest mantis

  • confronts a spiny leaf insect,

  • it's a monster battle.

  • lt's one of the rainforest's most bizarre citizens...

  • ...a creature so strange, it could be from another world.

  • ln the bug world, spiny leaf insects are giants,

  • growing up to five inches long.

  • They're not only big, they're ugly.

  • Spiny leaf insect wants to avoid a fight.

  • lts first defense is the fact that it looks like a leaf.

  • lf a predator does get past the camouflage

  • and detect a spiny leaf insect,

  • it'll then rely on its behavior to try to scare off a predator

  • by making itself look big and mean and horrible,

  • like some sort of alien predator from another planet.

  • Narrator: Nature often saves scariness for the vegetarians.

  • You see, they need to deter their predators

  • rather than fight them.

  • Although it looks like some kind of battle bot,

  • the creature isn't naturally aggressive.

  • lts heavy armor and razor spikes are for defense --

  • an almost impenetrable shield.

  • And if a predator does try to take a bite,

  • it'll get a mouthful of those spikes.

  • The spiny leaf insect also keeps a secret weapon.

  • Dr. Fry: lf threatened,

  • the spiny leaf insect will resort to chemical warfare.

  • lt has glands that'll squirt out

  • this colorless, but extremely stinky, liquid

  • that'll deter most predators.

  • Narrator: A stinking, ugly, spiky giant

  • should be left alone,

  • but in the rainforest,

  • there's one creature who's not so easily deterred.

  • lt's an evolutionary success story --

  • the giant rainforest mantis,

  • a strong-arm assassin and stealthy ninja

  • rolled into one.

  • Mantis need to eat all the time, so they're very hungry.

  • They're looking for prey all the time.

  • They're on duty all day long.

  • Turns out that they're one of the top rainforest predators.

  • Narrator: lt's the T. Rex of the bug world.

  • With a powerful stance and lethal forearms,

  • spikes, and lightning-fast grappling hooks

  • ensure nothing escapes.

  • Dr. Rayor: The strike could happen anywhere

  • from .030 to .050 of a second.

  • So this is like 1 /20 of a blink of an eye.

  • Mantids engage in aggressive mimicry,

  • and what this means

  • is they camouflage themselves so their prey doesn't see them.

  • Matching in with the vegetation --

  • in this case, our giant rainforest mantid

  • is a nice green.

  • lt blends in.

  • Prey items that are walking by,

  • they just don't see the mantid until it's simply too late.

  • Narrator: This hapless grasshopper never stood a chance.

  • There's one more thing about the giant rainforest mantis.

  • lt eats its victims alive.

  • Dr. Rayor: They're pretty good at orienting their bites

  • toward the head of whatever they've captured,

  • and essentially once you've taken the head off of anything,

  • it stops struggling much more rapidly.

  • Narrator: The best defense against the mantis

  • is to avoid it at all costs.

  • But that's not always easy.

  • This spiny leaf insect is out looking for a leafy meal...

  • Unaware it's venturing

  • into giant rainforest mantis territory.

  • Dr. Fry: The spiny leaf insect is a browser.

  • lt's a vegetarian.

  • Think of it basically as the cow of the insect world.

  • Just spends most of the day hanging out in the tree,

  • chewing on the leaves, minding its own business.

  • Narrator: The leaf insect has attracted the attention of the mantis.

  • And when these two giants of the rainforest come face-to-face...

  • Neither backs down.

  • The mantis is the natural aggressor.

  • lt's sizing up the monster before it.

  • Dr. Rayor: No predator wants to be injured by its prey.

  • lf it's going to attack,

  • it needs to make a trade-off, basically.

  • lf it attacks something,

  • is it going to successfully kill it

  • and not get injured itself?

  • Narrator: The giant rainforest mantis has weighed the options.

  • lt's only a matter of choosing the moment to strike.

  • But with faith in its heavy armor,

  • the spiny leaf insect pushes gamely forward.

  • The mantis' powerful jaws start slicing through its victim.

  • The heavy armor is holding.

  • The spiny leaf insect deploys its chemical weaponry.

  • Dr. Fry: ln a fight, the spiny leaf insect

  • is going to rely on its armor to hold out

  • long enough for it to get away.

  • But it's not very fast.

  • lt will, however, keep spraying the chemicals,

  • but unless a predator gets a perfect shot

  • and gets deterred by that,

  • it's only a matter of time until it's dinner.

  • Narrator: The spiny leaf insect has to break free soon

  • before it's devoured.

  • Breaching the armor,

  • the more the mantis eats, the less its victim can fight.

  • lt's a race through the first course.

  • Mantis mouthparts work overtime as cutlery.

  • Mandibles slice and dice, while feelers fork it in.

  • Another life ends in the rainforest.

  • What the mantis can't eat, others will.

  • The giant mantis is happy to share now -- it's full.

  • And there's a mess to clean up.

  • ln the miniature world of monster bugs,

  • life-spans can last just weeks,

  • perhaps days, even hours.

  • Death lies around every corner,

  • and strength is no protection.

  • What happens when a powerful bull ant

  • comes face-to-face with a redback spider?

  • Only one will live another day.

  • ln the ant world, life is all about the colony.

  • Ants work as a team -- all for one and one for all.

  • But for this species, going solo is allowed.

  • lt's even encouraged.

  • This is the bull ant.

  • Growing up to 1 inch long,

  • it's one of the world's largest...

  • Big enough to fend for itself.

  • lts huge jaws are fearsome enough.

  • They lock like a vice, inescapable.

  • But it's the other end you really need to worry about.

  • This lethal stinger delivers venom in multiple doses.

  • Dr. Fry: The bull ant sting

  • is one of the most painful things in the world,

  • and unlike a bee, they can sting over and over and over again.

  • Narrator: For the bull ant,

  • the world is a chaotic landscape of sights and smells,

  • so it needs hyperactive antennae and bulging eyes.

  • But the bull ant has something else.

  • Twin claws on every foot

  • give it the powers of an action hero with attitude.

  • The bull ant is the pit bull of the insect world.

  • He's aggressive, fearless, and will take on any opponent,

  • even those much larger than himself.

  • Narrator: To the uninitiated,

  • the bull ant can be mistaken as vain.

  • lt looks like it's constantly grooming,

  • but it's actually cleaning its sensors for battle.

  • lt has to be on guard

  • every moment it's away from the colony.

  • There's no backup if it runs into trouble.

  • And this is trouble --

  • the deadly redback spider.

  • From the black widow family,

  • she's renowned for her super-to xic venom

  • and lightning speed.

  • But the redback has something else for the unwary --

  • a super-engineered web.

  • lt has a number of lines going down

  • that are just covered with globs of glue

  • so that if something walks into these lines,

  • they tend to break the lines.

  • And at that point, the spider comes down and nabs the prey.

  • Narrator: She specializes in tailor-made straitjackets.

  • With lightning speed,

  • she spins a suffocating silk suit that's only worn once.

  • The way the redback gets the silk out of the spinnerets

  • is on the fourth leg, it has a comb,

  • and it combs the silk out of its spinnerets.

  • Spider silk is considered to be stronger than steel.

  • lt's considered to be the strongest biopolymer known.

  • Narrator: Few creatures leave a redback's web.

  • And the bigger they are, the harder they fall.

  • Narrator: This bull ant still hasn't found dinner for its colony.

  • lt forages deeper into a log...

  • ...unaware of the deadly trap ahead.

  • Although the redback is venomous,

  • actually, her most important weapon is her web,

  • and her web is like kevlar dripping with superglue.

  • Narrator: One false step is enough.

  • The redback races to weave a deadly suit.

  • But she has to be quick.

  • lf those jaws get her, or that stinger,

  • the tables will turn.

  • All the bull ant needs is one single sting,

  • and the redback spider is dead.

  • Narrator: The bull ant's jaws are trapped.

  • A sting shot is its only hope.

  • But its captor is weaving at lightning speed.

  • Every second makes it harder and harder to move.

  • But as it's hoisted up,

  • the ant breaks free and tries to bite.

  • The bull ant has these incredible powerful mandibles

  • that can give a really nasty bite.

  • lt's like you have a vice that's combined with a saw.

  • Narrator: The spider needs a better suit, fast.

  • Again, her wraps subdue the ant.

  • Only now can the redback get close enough

  • to inject its venom.

  • The deadly brew flows through two tiny fangs.

  • The venom is going to attack the nerves of the bull ant,

  • killing it almost immediately.

  • Narrator: All the spider needs to do is wait...

  • As her victim dies in a silk shroud.

  • Far from the safety of its colony,

  • a bull ant pays the price for going solo.

  • No one heard it scream.

  • l don't think a redback that had fallen out of her web,

  • or was out of her web wandering on the ground

  • had any chance against a bull ant.

  • But a redback that's in her web,

  • she has total control of the situation.

  • Narrator: ln nature's tiny world,

  • an ant's life means something.

  • For this skillful redback,

  • it's a fresh meal before she's ready to kill again.

  • The world is crawling with bugs.

  • Half of all known species on our planet are insects.

  • Some crawl on land. Others lurk beneath it.

  • Some climb. Others live in the sky.

  • There is no escaping bugs.

  • Even the water is not safe.

  • What happens when a water strider

  • takes a swim with a water spider?

  • lt's time to run.

  • But there's nowhere to hide.

  • Some call him the Jesus bug

  • because he, too, can walk on water,

  • although he prefers to jump at lightning speed.

  • Dr. Fry: lf something tries to catch him,

  • his best defense is to just skate across the water.

  • But he can also use the water like a trampoline

  • and jump up in the air.

  • They can travel 1 00 body lengths in a single second.

  • Narrator: lt's like a 6-foot-tall human

  • taking off at 400 miles per hour.

  • More incredible still,

  • the water strider never gets wet.

  • Along each leg, thousands of tiny hairs trap air bubbles,

  • and this makes a waterproof coat.

  • Also helping to keep the water walker dry

  • is surface tension on a pond.

  • Buoyed by this skin of water,

  • the strider wields a lethal weapon.

  • lt's a giant proboscis that spears and kills its prey.

  • lt also doubles as a drinking straw for insect innards.

  • Like a hypodermic needle on legs.

  • His bite is main.

  • Narrator: A small creature that can't handle the water

  • soon becomes bug slurpee.

  • Water striders feed on the water surface.

  • They're basically an undertaker who make the sick and dying die.

  • Narrator: The water strider

  • turns any pond into a battleground.

  • But it doesn't have the field to itself.

  • The water spider

  • is just as comfortable on a pond as it is on land.

  • Water spiders are able to travel across water

  • much more effectively

  • than most other spiders or many other invertebrates.

  • lf they were a car,

  • they're moving on the order of 300 miles an hour.

  • l mean, they're just incredibly fast spiders.

  • Narrator: Though this female is bigger than the strider,

  • she still doesn't sink or get wet.

  • She also relies on tiny hairs to make an air suit.

  • Even more astonishing,

  • she has tiny claws at the tip of each leg,

  • giving her incredible grip on the water surface.

  • And when a potential meal like this fly hits the water,

  • it telegraphs ripples straight to the spider's sensors.

  • Dr. Rayor: By putting their feet at the water's edge,

  • they're responding very closely

  • to vibrations coming from the water.

  • They're exquisitely sensitive to those vibrations.

  • Narrator: There are worse ways to go than drowning.

  • You can be killed and eaten inside out.

  • ln a face-off between these two floating attack machines,

  • it all comes down to who moves first.

  • The spider is strong and fast,

  • but the strider is even faster.

  • lt'll be a case of the quick or the dead.

  • Narrator: These water striders

  • are drifting around the pond with the wind.

  • At the water's edge,

  • the spider dangles her sensitive feet,

  • picking up the slightest movement.

  • The striders, too, are feeling for vibrations.

  • But they're unaware of the spider hidden against the rock.

  • Dr. Rayor: They tend to be very nicely camouflaged.

  • Often, they have coloring that up against rockfaces,

  • you just don't see them.

  • Narrator: Unaware, two striders have drifted into easy range.

  • One uses its lightning speed to escape.

  • The other is not so lucky.

  • Deadly venom shoots into the strider.

  • lt will never know what happened.

  • Dr. Rayor: The fangs are used to squish the prey up, to some extent.

  • lt is simultaneously regurgitating digestive enzymes.

  • So what they're basically doing is they're dissolving the prey,

  • turning it into a protein milkshake,

  • and then sucking it down.

  • Narrator: The strider is turned to liquid.

  • The water strider was in the wrong place at the wrong time

  • to mess with a water spider.

  • Narrator: ln Bug Waterworld,

  • no one gets wet,

  • but you can become a drink.

  • There's no place like home, sweet home,

  • unless you're a bug.

  • Keeping a single address is sometimes impossible

  • when your neighbors are nasty.

  • And you may have to fight to keep your home.

  • Who gets the spoils

  • when a white-tailed spider tries to evict a black house spider?

  • One thing's for sure --

  • no one will leave without a fight.

  • Like us, some bugs invest a lot of work in their home.

  • This black house spider

  • has found just the right hole in just the right tree,

  • then added improvements --

  • a vast web around the entrance,

  • superglued to the surrounding bark.

  • The lightest touch on the silk transmits straight to home base.

  • Dr. Rayor: Black house spiders

  • really are completely attuned to vibrations.

  • They're not using vision

  • to find their prey or to avoid predators.

  • lt really is this acute sensitivity

  • to vibrations in their web.

  • Narrator: Few creatures see this ambush coming.

  • A venomous bite seals the deal.

  • But the spider doesn't stay on the street for long.

  • lt always eats in.

  • Not all spiders are homebodies.

  • Some are drifters,

  • like this white-tailed spider.

  • She's not tied down with webs and maintenance.

  • She's a roaming assassin who prefers to eat out.

  • Dr. Fry: The white-tailed spider is not fussy.

  • lt'll eat pretty much anything that it can encounter,

  • but its favorite meal is the black house spider.

  • Narrator: Today, the white-tail is ravenous.

  • She's like a bloodhound,

  • sniffing scent trails from potential victims.

  • But she's not using her nose.

  • She doesn't have one.

  • The tips of her legs are equipped with scopulate hairs.

  • Underneath the hairs are chemical sensors

  • that guide her to her target.

  • Dr. Fry: Because the white-tailed spider uses its feet so much,

  • it's absolutely important that it keeps them very, very clean.

  • Narrator: And those chemical sensors

  • have just detected a black house spider.

  • Dr. Fry: White-tail doesn't bother too much with a defense.

  • This is an animal that's all about offense.

  • lt goes out looking for trouble.

  • lt starts the fights and it finishes them.

  • Narrator: This white-tailed spider is cruising for dinner.

  • She has no web, no family ties, no fixed abode.

  • Further up the tree,

  • this black house spider lives a different lifestyle.

  • lt's set an elaborate web outside its permanent home.

  • Now it's monitoring for vibrations,

  • hoping whatever's coming will be another meal.

  • But the white-tail has an ingenious plan.

  • lt'll use the black house spider's own web to lure it out.

  • The black house is being played like an old fiddle.

  • Dr. Fry: White-tail is a trickster.

  • lt'll sit there and pluck on another spider's web,

  • mimicking a prey trapped in there,

  • and then nails it like lightning.

  • Narrator: The black house takes the bait.

  • lt's expecting an easy meal.

  • But it finds a mortal enemy.

  • The black house throws a decoy -- its own leg.

  • Losing a leg is actually a super strategy

  • for getting away from a predator.

  • This black house spider

  • has sphincters that are able to close off the blood flow

  • so the spider doesn't bleed to death.

  • lt's far better off losing a leg than losing its life.

  • Narrator: The white-tail is left with just a spider drumstick.

  • Now she retreats to her rival's abandoned house

  • and seals the door to eat in peace.

  • Dr. Fry: The white-tailed spider is a wanderer.

  • lt doesn't stay very long in any one place,

  • but in this case,

  • now that it has a nice big meal in its stomach,

  • it'll sit there and squat

  • in what used to be the black house spider's home.

  • Narrator: But the owner's back and fighting mad.

  • lt plans to repossess its house.

  • This time, a body strike stuns the black house.

  • Dropping limbs won't help it now.

  • Venom rushes into its body, killing it.

  • There's one final indignity.

  • The black house spider will be consumed in its own home.

  • ln bug realty,

  • you can be evicted and eaten on the same day.

  • ln the art of war, bugs are true virtuosos.

  • They have evolved so many ways to kill,

  • they leave humans in the dust.

  • But it's nearly always hand-to-hand combat.

  • And every victory is hard-won.

  • When a wolf spider meets a Sydney funnel-web spider,

  • it's a deadly contest between the old and the new.

  • Although there are almost 40,000 species of spider,

  • they come in two main categories --

  • modern or primitive.

  • Like this Sydney funnel-web, a dinosaur.

  • lt's changed little over millions of years.

  • Dr. Rayor: ln terms of temperament,

  • the Sydney funnel-webs are just ill-tempered, cranky spiders.

  • Narrator: lt's the grumpy old man of the bug world.

  • lt's still around today because it's a successful hunter,

  • and the key to its reign are these...

  • ...two of the biggest, most powerful jaws in spider land...

  • Backed by super venom.

  • You don't survive for several hundred million years

  • without being effective predators

  • and being good at what you do.

  • So the funnel-webs may not have many diverse behaviors,

  • but in fact, what they do, they do very well.

  • Narrator: But there are downsides to being spider version 1 .0.

  • lt can hardly see from its eight eyes.

  • lts lumbering frame isn't very fast.

  • And its lungs are underdeveloped,

  • so it's exhausted quickly.

  • lt mostly lies in wait in moist, shady corners of the forest...

  • With a small web funnel at the entrance.

  • Dr. Rayor: What characterizes these webs is it has a narrow funnel,

  • or a narrow retreat, that the spider lives in.

  • So it may have a hole in a log that's covered in silk,

  • and then it runs out from this retreat

  • in order to capture prey.

  • The Sydney funnel-web is not only a seriously cranky spider,

  • but they really tend not to back off.

  • They're really an ill-natured spider.

  • Their fangs are oriented parallel to one another,

  • and so they strike down.

  • And the way the funnel-web does this

  • is it rears its carapace up

  • and then strikes repeatedly down with enormous force.

  • The force is reputed to be sufficient to kill a mouse,

  • to crush a mouse skull.

  • Narrator: This cricket came too close.

  • And the funnel-web's caveman table manners

  • make short work of any prey.

  • While it may be showing its age,

  • the funnel web is always ready to take on newcomers.

  • This is spider version 2.0, evolving much later.

  • The modern wolf spider is faster, stronger,

  • and loaded with stamina.

  • The wolf spider is so fast on its feet,

  • it can cover two feet in a single second.

  • That would be the equivalent

  • of me doing a 1 00-meter dash in one second.

  • Narrator: With state-of-the-art eyes,

  • nothing escapes its attention.

  • Dr. Fry: The wolf spider has four large eyes on the top of its head,

  • but also has four smaller eyes

  • coming across in a row in the front.

  • This gives it fantastic night vision,

  • and some of the best vision of any spider.

  • Narrator: lt lies in wait for a hapless victim

  • like this cricket.

  • He is fast and powerful --

  • basically, the cheetah of the spider world.

  • He hits his prey so fast and so hard,

  • they literally get bowled over.

  • Narrator: Sharp-eyed, fleet-footed, packing powerful venom,

  • the wolf spider is a major upgrade

  • from its primitive cousin.

  • Though it can out-stalk and out-run any contemporary,

  • sometimes it has to face off with its prehistoric past

  • in a test of evolution.

  • Dr. Fry: The wolf spider's best defense

  • is his ability to out-run or out-jump pretty much anyone.

  • Although wolf spiders are faster,

  • wolf spiders have vision on their side,

  • l don't think wolf spiders are as intrinsically tough

  • and ill-natured as a Sydney funnel-web is.

  • [ owl hooting ]

  • Narrator: lt's a full moon,

  • and the wolf spider is on the prowl,

  • night vision and advanced weaponry ready to go.

  • Also on the offense -- a funnel-web,

  • its legs sensing the slightest movement on its trip lines.

  • Dr. Rayor: The funnel-webs will rear up,

  • and you can see venom dripping out of the tips of their fangs.

  • And they will stay in this position for 1 0, 1 5 minutes,

  • ready to strike

  • should the potential predator or prey come any closer.

  • Narrator: The encounter quickly turns into a standoff

  • as two killers close enough to touch weigh their next move.

  • Dr. Fry: lt's a tricky standoff,

  • like two gunfighters waiting for the other one to flinch.

  • The funnel-web spider has bigger fangs,

  • but the wolf spider has the speed.

  • Narrator: One thing is for certain --

  • the next move will be fatal.

  • The funnel-web strikes first.

  • As the funnel-web's massive jaws rip open the wolf spider,

  • venom floods in.

  • Today, old beats new.

  • Ancient history wins the day.

  • Although dinosaurs never made it to our present day,

  • it's a different story in the bug world.

  • Here, living history proves that new isn't always better.

  • ln a monster bug war, you're either victor or victim.

  • Camouflage is no defense against a ruthless assault.

  • A lethal stinger is powerless encased in a silk coffin.

  • Speed is no match for stealth and cunning.

  • And sacrificing a limb is no guarantee of success.

  • When bugs go to war,

  • only the victor lives to fight another day.

Narrator: ln a bug's world, life is always in the balance.

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モンスターバグ・ウォーズ 真夜中の死|S1E1 (MONSTER BUG WARS | Death at Midnight | S1E1)

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    鍾任富 に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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