known as a phoropter—

and the rows of ever-shrinking letters

on a vision test…

may look like something

out of Victorian times…

in reality, optometrists use state-of-the-art

science and technology to examine

patients' vision.

In addition to diagnosing sight problems,

optometrists prescribe eyeglasses

and contact lenses to correct vision,

and they may perform minor surgeries.

They also diagnose and treat eye diseases

or injuries and manage other eye disorders.

Optometrists rely on interpersonal skills

to help patients feel at ease

and respond effectively to vision testing.

At vision check-ups,

they counsel patients on

how broader health care affects eyesight,

and promote good eye health practices.

The accuracy of their prescription relies

both on their technical skills

and a clear understanding

between doctor and patient.

Most optometrists work in

offices of optometry.

Others work in doctors' offices,

optical goods stores, or are self-employed.

Optometrists work full time,

and may work weekends or evenings

to accommodate their patients' needs.

Optometrists must complete

a 4-year Doctor of Optometry program

and be licensed to practice

in a particular state.

They must also pass the

National Board of Examiners

in Optometry exam.

Doctoral program applicants must have

completed at least 3 years of college

that include courses in biology,

chemistry, physics,

English and math.