Name: 15.死の性質（続き）；自分が死ぬと信じること (15. The nature of death (cont.); Believing you will die)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T04:42:04.000Z
Duration: 44 min 15 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

過去形

Professor Shelly Kagan: Last time we ended with the

to 不定詞

following puzzle or question. If we say that to be a person

is to be a P-functioning body, it seems then as though we

have to conclude that when you're not P-functioning,

between the death of my body and my death as a person;

Well, that may seem to be the most natural way to define

death, but it's not an acceptable approach.

Because it would follow then, that when I'm asleep,

perhaps, when I'm dreaming while I'm asleep.

But think of the various periods during the night in

which you are in a deep, deep dreamless sleep.

You're not thinking. You're not planning.

You're not communicating. Let's just suppose,

P-functioning is occurring, at some point during

right thing to say. So we need to revise our

account of what it is on the physicalist picture to say that

It can't just be a matter of not P-functioning.

Well, one possibility would be to say, the question is not

again, if you have been P-functioning in the past

functioning, you will be P-functioning again in

Well, that's at least an improvement, because then we

say, look, while you're asleep, even though there's no

so you're still alive. But I think that won't quite do

Judgment Day, God will resurrect the dead.

And let's just suppose the correct theory of personal

identity is such as to put aside any worries we might have along

with van Inwagen, that we discussed previously,

as to whether or not on resurrection day that would

really be you or not. Suppose it would be you.

So God will resurrect the dead. Judgment Day comes.

The dead are resurrected. Well, now they're

P-functioning. So it turns out that during

that period in which they were dead, they were only temporarily

not P-functioning. But if death means permanent

then it turns out the dead weren't really dead after all.

They were only temporarily not P-functioning,

just like we are temporarily not P-functioning when

we're asleep. Well, that doesn't seem right

God resurrects the dead. It's not that He simply wakes

So the proposal that death is a matter of permanent cessation of

that doesn't seem like it's going to do the trick.

Here's a different proposal that I think is probably closer

look, while you're asleep, it's true that you're not

you're not doing your multiplication tables.

But although you are not engaged in P-functioning,

it does seem true to say that you still can P-function.

You still could do your multiplication tables.

Although it's not true that you are speaking French--let's

suppose that you know how to speak French--it's still true of

you while you're asleep that you can or could speak French.

How do we know this? Well, all we have to do is just

And after you stop swearing at us, you say, "Well,

hey, conjugate such and such a verb in French."

And you can conjugate it. Even though you were not

engaged in P-functioning while you were asleep,

it's still true that while you were asleep, you had the ability

but you don't lose the ability to think during those moments

when you're not thinking. Suppose we say then that to be

alive as a person is to be able to engage in

is to be unable to engage in P-functioning.

Why are you unable? Well, presumably because

whatever cognitive structures it takes in your brain to

those cognitive structures have been broken, so they no longer