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Hi. James from engVid.
This is my style of magazine; it gives me a lot
of information, and the type of information
I get from it is sort of cool.
Now, I've used three terms or phrases: "sort
of", "kind of", "style of" that you may not
be familiar with; or if you are
familiar, you don't truly understand.
My job today is to tell you the difference
between the individual words: "kind", "sort",
"style", and "type"; what it means when you
put "of"; what the slang meaning "of"; and
how you can use it.
I have a complicated drawing on the board,
but I'll help you understand it in a second.
And by the time we're done, you'll be able
to use these phrases like a native speaker.
Okay, so let's go to the board.
First thing, E: "What are
these types of words?"
The first thing E will tell you is, well, first
of all, they're different types of words
so we can't say they're adjectives,
they're this, this, and this.
Each word has its own meaning,
and sometimes they have two.
I'm going to go to the board now and
start working on that with you.
All right?
So let's get on this side.
So, let's look at the
first one: "kind".
"Kind" is a word you've
probably heard before.
"She is a kind woman.",
"He has a kind face."
And we mean nice and friendly.
Now, you might not be aware that
it also is a noun, as in category.
If you look over here:
What is "category"?
It is people or things that have something
in common; they share together.
Okay?
Like music.
Music can be jazz, blues, classical, rock -
they're in the category of music, not movies,
because they're all types of, you
know, instruments and people singing.
So when you say: "What type of
or kind of music do you like?"
We're saying: "What category?
Is it jazz?
Is it rock?" because they all share music
together, but there's something specific with
each genre or grouping, so we say: "kind
of", and that tells us what category.
And the next one we're going
to talk about is "style".
Now, some of you like
my style, right?
When we say "style", we say way of
doing something, that's his style.
So, some people like Michael Jordan, when he
used to throw a ball he'd have his tongue
out - that was his style.
Not many NBA athletes do that, but he would,
so you knew when Michael went: "Ah", he was
about to jump and throw it.
Appearance, like my appearance.
I love superheroes so
I'm always wearing...
Not always, but a lot of time wearing
superhero clothing or costumes.
And those of you who know
me know I love Batman.
So, when you talk about someone's style, you
talk about their general appearance; what
they wear regularly.
Okay?
Or their way of doing something,
like I said, Michael Jordan.
We also use it for elegance, which means
sophisticated, not common, above average.
Usually people say elegant people
have money, but it's not the case.
It just means they have a certain way about
them that makes them special, and people like
it and respect it;
to be elegant.
But "style" also means...
It's also a verb,
as in to design.
So when you design or make something
in a specific way, it's that style.
So if it's in the classical style,
it's made like the classics.
If it's in the modern style, it's made like
modern things, like all white furniture.
Okay?
Once we add "of", and you notice I added "of"
to "kind of" to talk about category, once
again, we get a noun.
Right?
So we go: "kind of",
we become a noun...
We can use it as a noun as well.
Right?
"Kind of" from grouping.
Same thing, people or
if things are together.
So if you say: "What style of music do you
like?" it's similar to saying: "What kind
of music do you like?"
Okay?
The "of" brings these things together to give
them something common or puts them in a given
category, you might say.
Why am I teaching you this?
To go back again, because a lot of times we say
this when we want to talk about what groupings
go together and preferences.
There's a little bit more to it, which I'll
get back to afterwards, but as long as you
understand that "kind" with "of" and "style"
with "of" are similar that they talk about
category.
What's the next one
I'm going to go to?
Well, let's go to "type".
Typing: "Ch-ch-ch-ch-ch-ch-ch-ch-ch-ch",
now, you do that on the computer.
It's an old...
It's almost an old-fashion word, people
don't say: "I'm typing at the computer."
We used to have "typewriters", so "write" and
"type" would go together because instead
of using your hand, you would
press the buttons and it would...
They would go up on ink, so you would typewrite
inside of handwrite, and we literally said:
"Did you typewrite the letter
or did you handwrite it?"
Now you type, but you just say: "I'm going to
put in the computer", or: "I'm going to..."
and you forget to use the word "type
it", because it's not necessary.
But typing as an action or
a verb, but once again...
I said "once again" for, like, the fifth time;
however, when you put "type" with "of", you
get category again,
so you can say...
Remember I talked about music?
"What style of music?
What kind of music?"
You can say: "What type of music?" and they
all have the same meaning, which is: Tell
me the category.
Notice I didn't put "category" here, because
"style" when it's used doesn't really have
that category feeling; it needs
"of" to make it a category.
But you'll notice the other three things I will
talk about will use the noun form category.
Okay?
You have category in them as a noun
form, and "of" just makes it stronger.
The last one I want to
talk about is "sort".
"Sort" means to fix a problem.
If you have a problem with your bills and I go:
"I'll have to sort out these bills later",
it means: "I need to
fix this problem."
Okay?
So, my friend, Mr. E, was drunk
and I had to sort him out.
Well, he had a problem with drinking
so I had to fix that problem.
Another meaning for
"sort" is to organize.
So, if you organize the pens...
Let's say I have some markers.
Now I need to sort them
out; they're all messed up.
I will sort them out and put the black markers
with the black markers, the blue markers with
the blue markers -
you get the idea.
That means to organize
and put into groups.
But the noun form of this
is-dunh-de-de-dunh-category.
And, once again, we add: "of".
That's why I put these all up in green, because
when you see it like this, you'll notice that
even though "style" doesn't have a category
in its noun, adding "of" makes it a category.
And a lot of times Canadians
will talk about that.
"What sort of food?
What sort of...?" because they're trying to
say: "Give me an idea of the grouping that
you prefer or like,
or don't like."
Okay?
Now, here's where
the twist comes.
Sometimes...
See?
I put "category" for this,
this is like number one.
Add "of", it means: What category,
what grouping are things together?
But sometimes when people say: "sort of"
and "kind of" they're being inexact.
-"Did you enjoy the party
that you went to?"
-"Sort of.
Kind of."
In this case it means
slightly, not that much.
Notice that I didn't use
"type" and I didn't use...
I didn't use "type" and "style".
I went backwards for a second.
Because in this one, like typing on a keyboard has
nothing really to do with just basic category,
right?
Or being nice and
friendly, or organizing.
And "style", as I said, has no
category in its categories.
So we usually just
use these two.
And it's not "soft of", by
the way, it's: "sort of".
I put "soft".
In case you're wondering:
"What is 'soft'?"
I don't know, it doesn't exist.
It's "sort of", okay?
We use "sort of" and "kind of" to
talk about almost exact opposites.
You can say: "Mr. E
was sort of angry...
Was kind of angry that we spent
all our money on comic books."
Told you I love comics.
In this case it doesn't mean slightly; it means
he was rather, or fairly, or very angry.
Okay?
Now, you can use either one of them and
you can use it in its exact opposite.
"The food was slightly...
Was sort of hot, sort of spicy."
It means slightly spicy.
Or you could say: "Oh, that
food was kind of spicy."
It means rather or really.
Funny enough, it has the exact same meaning,
it depends on the context, so you have to
be careful and look at the person as
they're speaking to get the context.
But in these cases when it's an inexact use
of language, you will only be using: "sort
of" and "kind of".
We don't say: "type of" and we don't say:
"style of", because that literally talks about
groups, organizing in groups and it's limited
to that; while "sort of" and "kind of" can
be used to talk about
inexact language.
Cool?
All right.
I've got one more to do for you where I'm going
to teach you something that's more slang,
so instead of saying: "sort of",
people say: "sorta", "kinda".
I'll tell you what that means, and
then of course, we'll do our quiz.
Hope you like the lesson because
we're going to be back in a second.
[Snaps]
Okay, we're back.
So, I just wanted to, before I go on, I want
to show you something that's a bit of slang
using "sort of" and "kind of".
I think I might have showed you that when
we talked about "sort of" or "kind of" it
can be vague or inexact language,
like: fairly, vaguely, slightly.
Now, there's one more, there's a contraction
where we take the "of" and we make it an "a"
sound, so it becomes: "sorta",
"kinda", and when we say that...
So, here, the shortened form of "sort of"
and "kind of" is: "kinda" and "sorta", and
sometimes it means: No.
It's not slightly or vaguely, or you
know, or fairly; it actually means: No.
I'll give you an example.
The mother comes to her son and goes: "Hey,
son, did you clean the house?" and the son
goes: "Sorta."
It means: No, he didn't do it.
He might have done something,
but not really, no.
All right?
-"Do you have my money for me?"
-"Kinda."
You don't have my money.
Okay?
I don't care what you say, that "kinda" meant
you don't have it, and I'll go: "What do you
mean, kinda?
It's either yes or no."
And they'll probably go: "Well, no, but..."
and then that's when that big "but" comes
in.
All right?
So, that's to give
you just another...
A further understanding of these types of
phrases, and the phrases, you know: "kind
of", "type of", "sort of", "style of", and
how we can also take that, shorten it for
slang to mean: "No", or we could give a little
bit of information about something, or say
things belong in a given
category or a sort of...
I said it.
They belong in a category.
So, I want to use
these expressions.
Oh, no!
This doesn't work so well when I actually
don't write the words up there, so why don't
you help me?
I've got the expression
or the words up here.
I'm going to put some words.
I'm going to put: A, B, C, D, E.
Okay?
I'm going to randomly put them up there, and
see if you can figure out where they go.
So, as I write, I want you to try and figure
out: Which one would go in what place?
And I'm going to come back
and then quiz you on it.
Okay?
I think you've got it.
Okay, so you've had time to think about it,
and now let's see just how good you are at
it.
So, what do you think
it goes to number one?
"Did you __________
it on the computer?
Did you __________
on the computer?"
Remember I told you this
is kind of old-fashion?
Because, for instance, nowadays we say something
like: "I'll send you a text", or: "I wrote
an email", but you don't actually write
it; you type it in the computer.
So it's a bit difficult because we don't use
it, but you kind of have to know this word
anyway, but: "type".
You type it on the computer.
Okay?
T-y-p, type it on the computer.
Sorry.
The computer.
Next: "What __________ do
you prefer when it comes
to clothing?"
What, something?
That's right: "What style".
Remember we talked
about appearance?
And clothing is appearance, so you're
talking about the style of the clothing.
You're doing pretty well.
Let's do number three: "She
is a very __________ woman."
That's right: "kind".
We said: "kind" or
"nice", all right?
"Kind" means nice, she's a
very nice woman; kind woman.
Now number four: "Can you
__________ out these things into
proper groups?"
Groups, categories,
I put "sort".
Remember we said
organize into groups?
So we talk about "sort" was the
verb for organizing into groups.
Now, I have one more for you.
It's a two-parter, so it might be tough, but
I kind of helped you with it before, so I'm
just going to stand over here so you don't
know the answer, but I'm sure you could figure
it out.
"Did you do all of
your homework?"
It was a lot of homework.
And little Billy says: "__________,
I didn't understand all of it."
Well, if you said:
"Kinda", you got it right.
"Kinda" which means: No.
"I didn't understand all of it, so
I couldn't do all the homework."
Just because as soon as he said: "I didn't
understand it", so you know he couldn't have
done all the homework.
Right?
So: "Kinda" means: No.
It's another word, as we talked
about here, slang for no.
Listen, I hope you
understood the language.
You know, I sort of like you
because you guys are really cool.
And, well, I kinda
don't have anymore...
Well, if you would say if I had more time,
any more time, I'd go: "Kinda", which means:
No, I don't.
It's time for me to go.
So, with...
Mr. E and I are going to say good bye, but
before I do, I need you to subscribe somewhere
around here, and then I want you to go to:
www.eng as in English, vid as in video.com
(www.engvid.com) and go do the quiz that follows
this, and go check out the other wonderful
teachers we have.
Anyway, always good and a
pleasure to be with you.
And being the kind of
person I am, I gots to go.
See you.
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A2 初級 米

Learn English Vocabulary: kind of, sort of, type of, style of...

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YuanDa 2018 年 10 月 23 日 に公開

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