Name: エロン・ムスクの基礎経済学 (Elon Musk's Basic Economics)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T07:56:27.000Z
Duration: 10 min 22 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

基礎受動態

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Imagine a $2,000 car… or a $100 laptop…
or a $70 iPhone… or imagine any product

Imagine the fundamental market change that
would bring.

Imagine the amount of demand there would be
for that $2,000 car or $100 laptop or $70

That's what Elon Musk imagined 15 years
ago when he sat on a pile of $165 million

Elon Musk's businesses are all centered
around some the most basic principles of economics

When he starts a business, he's not necessarily
trying to do something new, he's trying

Musk made most of his early fortune through
his involvement with PayPal.

In 1999 he founded a company called X.com
which was quickly bought by Confinity—the

creators of PayPal—so when PayPal was bought
by eBay in 2002, Musk's 11.7% ownership

of the company translated to $165 million
dollars.

Elon Musk has always been deeply passionate
about space exploration and, as anyone knows,

public interest in space has been falling
since the Apollo era.

Therefore, Musk's plan with his newfound
fortune was to launch a rocket to mars carrying

a small greenhouse that would grow plants
on the surface of the red planet.

Basically, he wanted to take all his money
and put it into a big publicity stunt for

But he had a problem—it was too expensive.

The cost of launches was absolutely immense
and, even when Musk tried to buy decommissioned

Russian ICBM's, he couldn't find a way
to pull off the project, but he had discovered

The space launch industry was ripe for disruption.

Here's Joseph, the economics expert from
Real Life Lore to explain why.

“The rocket development and space-launch
companies before Space X were essentially

They bought engines and guidance systems and
all the other various components from other

companies to cobble together one completed
rocket.

But all the different component suppliers
also had their own component suppliers to

The suppliers of the suppliers not only had
to cover their development and manufacturing

costs, they had to sell their components at
a markup in order to make a profit, and then

the next component manufacturer had to do
the same which means that by the time the

component gets to the company assembling the
rocket, it's expensive.

Not only that, but the assembly company also
has to pay for employees that work to actually

figure out how to make all of the different
pieces work together.

It makes 85% of the components it uses itself,
which allows it to make cheaper parts.

For example, if SpaceX had bought their radios
externally they would be paying $50,000-100,000

dollars each, but since they develop them
internally they only cost $5,000 each to build,

a dramatic improvement in reducing cost.”

Joseph from Real Life Lore has a brand new
book which includes two fantastic chapters

explaining simple economic concepts like this
that I'll link in the description, but let's

Tesla's economic strategy is fairly similar
to SpaceX's.

Tesla themselves makes about 80% of the 5,300
parts in a Tesla car, but for the most part

they don't make these, the batteries, at
least yet.

Batteries are very difficult to make at a
competitive price so very few companies do.

The largest three manufacturers—Panasonic,
BYD, and LG Chem—make a combined 63% of

Tesla, therefore, has historically just bought
batteries from Panasonic at a cost of about

But that means that Tesla's smallest battery
pack, the 50 kWh version, costs $10,000 dollars

When you're trying to sell a $35,000 dollar
car and make a profit, that's a significant

Therefore, Tesla is attempting to reduce the
cost of their batteries by 30% by building

their own factory in a joint-venture with
Panasonic.

Their long-term goal, however, is to drop
the battery price below $100 dollars per kWh

which would either double the range or halve
the price of that 50 kWh battery pack.

But the vertical integration of Tesla and
SpaceX isn't all useful.

The companies basically have to learn and
perfect each step in the manufacturing process

and, if one step isn't working, no cars
get made.

For example, the Tesla Model 3, the low-cost
Tesla, is built using steel instead of aluminum

With this change, the manufacturer is having
troubles properly welding the vehicle bodies

together and so the entire production line
is slowed down massively.

But there's something else unique about SpaceX
and Tesla's production lines—they're

Now this probably seems counterintuitive—why
would you put the production lines of two

companies working to make the least expensive
products on the market in one of the most

Almost every US company has relocated their
production lines to cheaper labor markets

in Asia and Africa but Musk has always had
his in the US.

It actually makes sense for the two companies.

Tesla and SpaceX's production processes
are constantly being tweaked and optimized

as the companies learn to make their products.

While China might be able to build Tesla cars
at the same price by using cheaper human labor,

Tesla's US factory is just miles away from
its headquarters in Palo Alto meaning that

the executive, development, and production
staff are all heavily integrated and can make

It's offices and manufacturing lines are
all under one roof.

The Tesla factory in particular is also heavily
automatized and the US excels in production

line automation with its abundance of highly
skilled workers, but just how much is Musk

The United Launch Alliance, which historically
has won most of the highly lucrative US government

launch contracts, is believed to charge more
than $400 million dollars all-in for a military

satellite launch while SpaceX charges about
$80 million dollars.

So, SpaceX is already at a fifth of the price,
but as mentioned, Elon Musk wants that to

Here's the key for that—the fuel used
in the Falcon 9 rocket only costs about $200,000

dollars per launch—it's practically a
non-factor in the launch price.

The real cost is of the rockets themselves,
so that's why SpaceX is making them reusable.

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エロン・ムスクの基礎経済学 (Elon Musk's Basic Economics)

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