Name: インドのパンテオンクラッシュコース 世界の神話#8 (Indian Pantheons: Crash Course World Mythology #8)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T07:52:36.000Z
Duration: 12 min 31 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

Hey there, I'm Mike Rugnetta and this is
Crashcourse mythology.

Today, we're going to tackle one of the
most difficult and fascinating pantheons in

It's got dancing dwarves, buffalo demons,
and some many armed folks.

Yessir there's a lot going on in this pantheon!

Maybe even more than in the Egyptian pantheon.

In this episode, we'll talk about the pantheon
of deities in Indian myths.

Unlike myths from Egypt and the Ancient Near
East, there are living people for whom these

stories have deep, personal, religious meaning.

Remember how it got a little uncomfortable
when we discussed the Bible's creation story?

But we're gonna try to minimize the awkwardness.

Just ask--wait, there's no god of awkwardness?!

Discussing the Indian pantheon is tricky for
two reasons: first because it remains a living

belief system for about a billion people.

And second because Indian religious and mythic
traditions are not only abundant but also

As in Egypt, there are different sets of gods
and goddesses that were worshipped at different

But unlike Egypt, India was and is home to
many different languages, which means we have

a lot of different stories, each with many
different versions.

We are going to focus mostly on stories that
have been written in Sanskrit, the sacred

Sanskrit first appears in written form around
150 CE in a series of rock inscriptions that

look much more complex than what I've inscribed
on rocks.

This probably doesn't say “Parvati wuz
here!

Let's remember that Sanskrit is a complex
language and its poetry may sound unusual

Lead the way, Bragi, Norse God of poetry.

In the earliest Indian traditions, Dyaus the
sky father, and Prithvi the earth mother were

Do you mind if I drop off some cosmic laundry?

Later, however, Surya the sun god, Agni the
fire god and Indra the warrior king of the

gods took top God Billing from mom and dad,
who were arguing all the time!

Indra was the child of the sky and the earth,
and was responsible for keeping them separate,

but had his own beef with another god, Varuna,
who may once have been the ruler of the gods,

Wonder if one of them recorded a diss track...

Anyway, the most well-known myth about Indra
is about his battle with Vritra, a giant serpent

or dragon, whom Indra kills, thus creating
the sun, the dawn, and they sky.

(Yeah, I know – you thought we had sky covered
but, mythology is tricky.)

The death of Vritra also gave form to chaos.

So yup, it's our old friend the creation
story, but with violence instead of sex.

In a number of stories, Indra is described
as battling and destroying hostile minor deities

And so maybe, you're thinking yay, Indra.

But… he also breaks oaths,kills family members
and commits adultery with Ahalya, the wife

But hey wait, it's OK. in another myth he
has them replaced with those of a ram.

Indra's weapon of choice is a thunderbolt,
similar to Zeus, and by India's classical

And this changing function over time is generally
emblematic of Indian myth.

Like the Egyptian pantheon, it's difficult
to pin down one canonical set of myths or

characters because they appear in so many
forms, often with multiple names.

Here's another version of how things get
going: In the Vedas, which are the most ancient

Hindu scriptures, Prajapati was the creator
god, but over time, and especially in the

Upanishads, another collection of important
Sanskrit texts, the less anthropomorphic concept

Brahman isn't a GOD so much as the all-encompassing
essence of reality, the supreme cosmic spirit.

It's not something you can easily represent
on a sandstone relief, but then again it's

not that dissimilar from “god” in monotheistic
religious traditions.

Brahman has sometimes been translated as the
“world soul” and all individual souls

Don't get too comfortable, though, because
Brahman, in later classical Hindu mythology

and religion, is embodied and personified
as three deities: Brahma, the creator, Vishnu,

They are all distinct, with their own stories,
and yet also represent aspects of the more

Hindus call it the trimurti and Vishnu and
Shiva loom largest in Indian myths.

Well, once the universe is created, the work
of the creator is done.

True, The concept of cyclical existence is
central to the Hindu and Buddhist worldview,

so you'd think a creator would be considered
among the most important gods.

Still, Brahma's significance declined in
comparison with that of Vishnu and Shiva,

perhaps because, according to John Brockington:
Essentially he is a fusion of a creator deity

with the impersonal Brahman propounded in
the Upanishads, which see the goal of religious

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インドのパンテオンクラッシュコース世界の神話#8 (Indian Pantheons: Crash Course World Mythology #8)

episode

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インドのパンテオンクラッシュコース 世界の神話#8 (Indian Pantheons: Crash Course World Mythology #8)

episode

essentially

concept

ancient

インドのパンテオンクラッシュコース世界の神話#8 (Indian Pantheons: Crash Course World Mythology #8)