Name: 【TED】マット・キリングワース「幸せになりたい？目の前のことに集中しましょう」 (Want to be happier? Stay in the moment | Matt Killingsworth)
Uploaded: 2014-11-11T15:41:40.000Z
Duration: 10 min 17 s

So, people want a lot of things out of life,

翻訳: Takahiro Shimpo 校正: Takafusa Kitazume

but I think, more than anything else, they want happiness.

さて人は人生に多くを 求めるわけですが

過去形

Aristotle called happiness "the chief good," the end

何より追い求めるものは 幸せだと思います

アリストテレスは 全ての物事が帰着する

According to this view, the reason we want a big house

幸福という到達点のことを 「最高善」と呼びました

この見方に依れば 大きな家 素敵な車や

isn't that these things are intrinsically valuable.

これらに内在する価値 ではないことになります

これらから幸福が得られると 私たちは期待しているのです

Now in the last 50 years, we Americans have gotten

a lot of the things that we want. We're richer.

ここ50年間でアメリカ人は 多くの望みを叶えてきました

We live longer. We have access to technology

that would have seemed like science fiction just a few years ago.

寿命も伸びました 数年前までSFの世界だった

The paradox of happiness is that even though the

テクノロジーにもアクセス できるようになりました

objective conditions of our lives have improved dramatically,

幸福のパラドックスとは 一見 生活の質が

Maybe because these conventional notions of progress

劇的に向上したように見えるのに

haven't delivered big benefits in terms of happiness,

私たちの幸福度は 上がっていないということです

there's been an increased interest in recent years in happiness itself.

「生活の質の向上」という 今までの概念は

People have been debating the causes of happiness

幸福度を引き上げる 要素ではないのでしょう

for a really long time, in fact for thousands of years,

ここ最近 幸せに一層の 関心が集まっています

but it seems like many of those debates remain unresolved.

Well, as with many other domains in life, I think

人類は 長きに渡って 「幸せとはなにか？」と

the scientific method has the potential to answer this question.

議論を交わしてきました 何千年もですよ

In fact, in the last few years, there's been an explosion

しかし ほとんど決着が付かず 今日に至っています

in research on happiness. For example, we've learned a lot

about its demographics, how things like income

科学的手法から答えが 得られると考えています

and education, gender and marriage relate to it.

事実 ここ数年で 幸福に関する研究は

But one of the puzzles this has revealed is that

急速に進歩しました 人口統計学も発達しましたし

factors like these don't seem to have a particularly strong effect.

収入や教育 性別 結婚状況などとの

Yes, it's better to make more money rather than less,

関係についても多くの 研究が行われてきました

or to graduate from college instead of dropping out,

しかし 最近の研究により こういった要素は

but the differences in happiness tend to be small.

幸福度に大きく 影響しないことが判明しました

Which leaves the question, what are the big causes of happiness?

もちろん お金があるに 越したことはありませんし

I think that's a question we haven't really answered yet,

中退よりも大学卒業の方が 良いに決まっていますが

but I think something that has the potential to be an answer

幸福への影響は少ないようです

is that maybe happiness has an awful lot to do with

そこで疑問が残ります 「幸福を大きく左右する要因とは？」

the contents of our moment-to-moment experiences.

この質問への答えは 出ていないと思います

It certainly seems that we're going about our lives,

ただ私が可能性として 考えていることは

that what we're doing, who we're with, what we're thinking about,

幸せというのは その場その場の体験の内容と

have a big influence on our happiness, and yet

深く関わっているのではないか とういことです

these are the very factors that have been very difficult,

in fact almost impossible, for scientists to study.

つまり 何をして 誰と過ごし 何を考えるかといったことは

A few years ago, I came up with a way to study people's happiness

幸せに大きく 影響しているようですし

moment to moment as they're going about their daily lives

こういった要素の研究は難しい いや 不可能といっても

on a massive scale all over the world, something we'd never

been able to do before. Called trackyourhappiness.org,

数年前 私は日常生活における 瞬間幸福度を

it uses the iPhone to monitor people's happiness in real time.

調査する方法を思いつきました

How does this work? Basically, I send people signals

前例のない 世界中での 大規模調査です

at random points throughout the day, and then I ask them

まず trackyourhappiness.org というサイトを立ち上げました

a bunch of questions about their moment-to-moment experience

iPhoneを使ってリアルタイムで 幸福度をチェックします

仕組みはと言うと 被験者に適当な時に

The idea is that, if we can watch how people's happiness

合図を送って その瞬間の被験者の

goes up and down over the course of the day,

and try to understand how what people are doing,

アイディアとしては数分単位とか

who they're with, what they're thinking about, and all

一日を通じての 幸福度の増減を観察して

the other factors that describe our day, how those might

relate to those changes in happiness, we might be able

誰といるのか 何を考えているのか

to discover some of the things that really have

その人の一日を 規定するあらゆる要素を

考察することで 幸福度との関係や

We've been fortunate with this project to collect

幸福度に大きな影響を与えている

quite a lot of data, a lot more data of this kind than I think

今まで考えられなかった規模の

And it's not just a lot of people, it's a really diverse group,

65万ものデータが集まりました

people from a wide range of ages, from 18 to late 80s,

１万５千を超える人々が リアルタイムで

a wide range of incomes, education levels,

people who are married, divorced, widowed, etc.

人数が多いだけでなく 本当に色々な人が集まりました

86 occupational categories and hail from over 80 countries.

What I'd like to do with the rest of my time with you today

is talk a little bit about one of the areas that we've been

investigating, and that's mind-wandering.

86の職種のデータが収集できました

As human beings, we have this unique ability

to have our minds stray away from the present.

調査領域の一つをご紹介します

This guy is sitting here working on his computer,

それは私たちの 「注意散漫能力」です

私たち人間には その場から注意を逸らす

ユニークな能力が備わっています

wondering what he's going to have for dinner.

彼はパソコンの前に座っていますが

Maybe he's worried that he's going bald. (Laughter)

This ability to focus our attention on something other

than the present is really amazing. It allows us to learn

and plan and reason in ways that no other species of animal can.

禿げないかと心配 してるかもしれませんし　(笑)

And yet it's not clear what the relationship is

この目の前のこと以外に 注意を逸らす能力は

between our use of this ability and our happiness.

素晴らしいものです このおかげでヒトは

You've probably heard people suggest that you should

動物にはできない 学習 計画 判断ができます

stay focused on the present. "Be here now,"

幸福との関係性は 明らかにされていません

Maybe, to really be happy, we need to stay completely

「目の前のことに集中しなさい」

immersed and focused on our experience in the moment.

Maybe these people are right. Maybe mind-wandering

本当に幸せになるには その場その場の経験に

On the other hand, when our minds wander,

集中し 没頭しないと いけないのかもしれません

they're unconstrained. We can't change the physical reality

集中力の欠如を悪と呼ぶ人々は

in front of us, but we can go anywhere in our minds.

Since we know people want to be happy, maybe

でも 他のことを考えているとき

when our minds wander, they're going to someplace happier than the place

私たちは自由になります 目の前の現実は

字幕リスト動画再生

【TED】マット・キリングワース「幸せになりたい？目の前のことに集中しましょう」 (Want to be happier? Stay in the moment | Matt Killingsworth)

people

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