Name: TED】ラビ・ロード・ジョナサン・サックス恐れずに未来にどうやって向き合うか、一緒に (恐れずに未来にどうやって向き合うか、一緒に｜ラビ・ロード・ジョナサン・サックス) (【TED】Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks: How we can face the future without fear, together (How we can face the future without fear, together | Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks))
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T07:31:02.000Z
Duration: 12 min 37 s

"These are the times," said Thomas Paine, "that try men's souls."

翻訳: Eriko T 校正: Masaki Yanagishita

This is a fateful moment in the history of the West.

We've seen divisive elections and divided societies.

「人間の魂を試す機会である」

We've seen a growth of extremism in politics and religion.

All of it fueled by anxiety, uncertainty and fear, of a world that's changing almost faster than we can bear.

今というのは西洋の歴史の運命的な瞬間です

And the sure knowledge that it's going to change faster still.

選挙や社会での分断的な動きが起こり

I asked him, what was it like being in America during the recent presidential election?

政治や宗教に於いて増長して来ました

He said to me, "Well, it was like the man sitting on the deck of the Titanic with a glass of whiskey in his hand.

And he's saying, 'I know I asked for ice...but this is ridiculous.'"

私たちが耐え得る以上の速度で 変わっていく世界

So is there something we can do, each of us, to be able to face the future without fear?

そして確かなことは 変化はまだ加速するということです

And one way into it is to see that perhaps the most simple way into a culture and into an age is to ask: What do people worship?

彼に聞きました 「最近の大統領選挙中に

People have worshipped so many different things: the sun, the stars, the storm.

アメリカにいてどう感じました？」

Some people worship many gods, some one, some none.

In the 19th and 20th centuries, people worshipped the nation.

タイタニック号のデッキに座って

I think future anthropologists will take a look at the books we read on self-help, self-realization, self-esteem.

『氷が欲しいと言ったのは確かだけど

They'll look at the way we talk about morality as being true to oneself.

The way we talk about politics as a matter of individual rights.

And they'll look at this wonderful new religious ritual we have created.

私たちに何かできることはあるでしょうか

恐れることなく未来と対峙する術は？

And I think they'll conclude that what we worship in our time is the self, the me, the I.

おそらく最も簡単な一つの方法は

It's liberating. It's empowering. It's wonderful.

その文化と時代についてこう問うことです

But don't forget that biologically, we're social animals.

「人々は何を崇拝しているだろうか？」

We've spent most of our evolutionary history in small groups.

人々は様々なものを崇拝して来ました

We need those face-to-face interactions where we learn the choreography of altruism.

And where we create those spiritual goods like friendship and trust and loyalty and love that redeem our solitude.

ある人々は多神教を崇拝し  またある人々は唯一神を または神を持たず

When we have too much of the "I" and too little of the "we," we can find ourselves vulnerable, fearful and alone.

It was no accident that Sherry Turkle of MIT called the book she wrote on the impact of social media "Alone Together."

So I think the simplest way of safeguarding the future "you" is to strengthen the future "us".

では 私たちは何を崇拝しているでしょうか？

the us of relationship, the us of identity, and the us of responsibility.

So let me first take the us of relationship.

私たちの読んだ本を参考にするでしょう

Once upon a time, a very long time ago, I was a 20-year-old undergraduate studying philosophy.

I was into Nietzsche and Schopenhauer and Sartre and Camus.

私たちが道徳について どのように考えているのかを見るでしょう

I was full of ontological uncertainty and existential angst.

個人の権利の問題として捉える

I was self-obsessed and thoroughly unpleasant to know.

Until one day I saw across the courtyard, a girl who was everything that I wasn't.

それから私たちが生んだ 新たなすばらしい  宗教的儀式にも目をつけるでしょう

「セルフィー（自撮り）」ですよ

そして人類学者たちの結論はこうでしょう この時代に私たちが崇拝したのは

それはそれで素晴らしいんです

And 47 years, three children and eight grandchildren later, I can safely say it was the best decision I ever took in my life.

開放的で 力を与えてくれます 素晴らしいことです

Because it's the people not like us that make us grow.

でも私たちは生物学的には 社会的動物だということを忘れてはなりません

And that is why I think we have to do just that.

私たちは人間の進化の歴史の殆どを

The trouble with Google filters, Facebook friends, and reading the news by "narrowcasting" rather than broadcasting means that we're surrounded almost entirely by people like us whose views, whose opinions, whose prejudices, even, are just like ours.

小さなグループで過ごしてきました

And Cass Sunstein of Harvard has shown that if we surround ourselves with people with the same views as us, we get more extreme.

I think we need to renew those face-to-face encounters with the people not like us.

I think we need to do that in order to realize that we can disagree strongly and yet still stay friends.

It's in those face-to-face encounters that we discover that the people not like us are just people, like us.

And actually, every time we hold out the hand of friendship to somebody not like us, whose class or creed or color are different from ours, we heal one of the fractures of our wounded world.

「I（自分）」が大き過ぎて 「we（私たち）」が小さ過ぎると

Have you been to Washington? Have you seen the memorials?

MITのシェリー・タークルが ソーシャルメディアの影響についての著書を

『Alone Together（一緒にいても孤独）』 と題したのは

There's the Lincoln Memorial: Gettysburg Address on one side, Second Inaugural on the other.

You go to the Jefferson Memorial, screeds of text.

だから未来のあなたを守る最も単純な方法は

Martin Luther King Memorial, more than a dozen quotes from his speeches.

３つの面において未来の「私たち」を

I didn't realize, in America you read memorials.

Now go to the equivalent in London in Parliament Square and you will see that the monument to David Lloyd George contains three words:

アイデンティティーにおける私たち

まず関係性について説明しましょう

Why the difference? I'll tell you why the difference.

ここで個人的な話をするのをお許し下さい

Because America was from the outset a nation of wave after wave of immigrants.

So it had to create an identity which it did by telling a story which you learned at school, you read on memorials.

And you heard repeated in presidential inaugural addresses.

私は哲学を学ぶ20歳の大学生で

Britain until recently wasn't a nation of immigrants, so it could take identity for granted.

The trouble is now that two things have happened which shouldn't have happened together.

ニーチェとショーペンハウアー そしてサルトルとカミュにハマっていました

The first thing is in the West we've stopped telling this story of who we are and why, even in America.

私は 存在の不確実性と実存的な不安に

And at the same time, immigration is higher than it's ever been before.

So when you tell a story and your identity is strong, you can welcome the stranger.

But when you stop telling the story, your identity gets weak.

私は自分に陶酔した 知り合いになるには不快なやつでした

I tell you, Jews have been scattered and dispersed and exiled for 2,000 years.

Why? Because at least once a year, on the festival of Passover, we told our story and we taught it to our children.

全く違うタイプの 女の子を見かけるまでのことでした

And we ate the unleavened bread of affliction and tasted the bitter herbs of slavery.

I think collectively we've got to get back to telling our story, who we are, where we came from, what ideals by which we live.

彼女の名前がエレインだと知り

And if that happens, we will become strong enough to welcome the stranger and say,

"Come and share our lives, share our stories, share our aspirations and dreams."

そして47年が過ぎ ３人の子供と ８人の孫たちに恵まれ

それが私の人生での 最良の決断だったということです

My favorite phrase in all of politics, very American phrase, "We the people".

なぜなら私たちを成長させてくれるのは 自分とは違うタイプの人々だからです

Because it says that we all share collective responsibility for our collective future.

And that's how things really are and should be.

Have you noticed how magical thinking has taken over our politics?

スピーチ

TOEFL と IELTS

TOEIC

TED】ラビ・ロード・ジョナサン・サックス恐れずに未来にどうやって向き合うか、一緒に (恐れずに未来にどうやって向き合うか、一緒に｜ラビ・ロード・ジョナサン・サックス) (【TED】Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks: How we can face the future without fear, together (How we can face the future without fear, together | Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks))