Name: Justice: What's The Right Thing To Do? Episode 02: "PUTTING A PRICE TAG ON LIFE"!
Uploaded: 2013-03-04T12:27:26.000Z
Duration: 55 min 10 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

the case of the Queen verses Dudley and Stephens

the lifeboat case, the case of cannibalism at sea

in mind the arguments for and against  what Dudley and Stephens did in mind,

the utilitarian philosophy of Jeremy Bentham

Bentham was born in England in 1748, at the age of twelve

he went to Oxford, at fifteen he went to law school

he was admitted to the bar at age nineteen  but he never practiced law,

last time we began to consider Bentham's version of utilitarianism

or the overall balance of pleasure over pain

Bentham arrives at this principle by the following line of reasoning

they are our sovereign masters and so any moral system has to take account of them.

of the greatest good for the greatest number

Maximizing utility is a principal not only for individuals but also for communities and

it's the sum of the individuals who comprise it

in deciding the best policy, in deciding what the law should be, in deciding what's just,

citizens and legislators should ask themselves the question if we add up,

and it often goes, this utilitarian logic, under the name of cost-benefit analysis

is placing a value usually a dollar value to stand for utility

there was a proposal to increases the excise tax on smoking

It's true that there are negative effects

to the public finance of the Czech government

because there are increased health care costs for people who develop smoking-related

on the other hand there were positive  effects

the positive effects included, for the most part, various tax revenues that the government

derives from the sale of cigarette products but it also included health care savings to

pensions savings, you don't have to pay pensions for as long,