I tried to find one that didn't have a whole lot of words.

漫画は短編小説です

Not all of them have happy endings.

セリフが少ないものを選んでみました

So how did I get started cartooning?

ハッピーエンドでない時もあります

I doodled a lot as a kid,

なぜ漫画を始めたかって？

and if you spend enough time doodling,

子供の頃から落書き好きで

sooner or later, something happens:

ずっと落書きばかりしていると

all your career options run out.

そのうち 職の選択肢が−

So you have to make a living cartooning.

尽きるんです

Actually, I fell in love with the ocean when I was a little boy,

で 残されたのは漫画だけ

when I was about eight or nine.

本当は 少年時代に海に恋したのが−

And I was particularly fascinated with sharks.

きっかけです

This is some of my early work.

特にサメに魅了されちゃって

Eventually, my mom took the red crayon away,

僕の初期の作品です

so it was [unclear].

母に赤いクレヨンを−

But I'd like to relay to you a childhood experience of mine

取り上げられちゃいました

that really made me see the ocean differently,

今日は「海」に対する観念を変え今の仕事の−

and it's become the foundation of my work

原点になった 少年時代の経験を−

because, I feel like, if in a day,

お話しします

I can see the ocean differently,

１日で僕の「海」の見方を変えられるなら−

then I can evoke that same kind of change in others,

皆さんや 特に子供の観点を変える−

especially kids.

きっかけになるような−

Before that day, this is how I saw the ocean.

気がするんです

It's just a big blue surface.

昔はこれが僕の思う「海」でした

And this is how we've seen the ocean since the beginning of time.

ただの青い海面

It's a mystery.

ずっとこういう風に「海」をみてきましたよね

There's been a lot of folklore

海は未知の世界で

developed around the ocean,

海に関した民話が−

mostly negative.

色々ありますが

And that prompted people to make maps like this,

ほとんどネガティブ

with all kinds of wonderful detail on the land,

それで こんな地図が出来上がる訳です

but when you get to the waters edge,

陸地は細部まできちんと描かれているのに

the ocean looks like one giant puddle of blue paint.

海岸線までくると

And this is the way I saw the ocean at school --

海は青色で塗りつぶされているだけ

as if to say, "All geography and science lessons

学校でもそうでした

stop at water's edge.

まるで「地理も科学も海岸線まで

This part's not going to be on the test."

テストにはでないから」

But that day I flew low over the islands --

といわんばかり

it was a family trip to the Caribbean,

けれど カリブ海への家族旅行で

and I flew in a small plane low over the islands.

小さな飛行機で島々の上空を飛んだ日−

This is what I saw. I saw hills and valleys.

僕が見たのは

I saw forests and meadows.

丘や 谷

I saw grottoes and secret gardens

森に 草原

and places I'd love to hide as a kid,

洞穴に 秘密の庭　幼かった僕が−

if I could only breathe underwater.

海中で呼吸できたなら

And best of all, I saw the animals.

隠れるのにもってこいの場所ばかり

I saw a manta ray that looked as big as the plane I was flying in.

そして何より 生き物達

And I flew over a lagoon with a shark in it,

マンタエイは 乗っていた飛行機くらいに 大きく見えたし

and that was the day that my comic strip about a shark was born.

ラグーンでは サメが泳いでいるのも見えました

So from that day on, I was an ordinary kid

まさにその日 僕の”サメ漫画”が誕生したんです

walking around on dry land,

その日から 陸地で暮らす−

but my head was down there, underwater.

普通の子供の僕は

Up until that day,

海中のことで頭がいっぱいでした

these were the animals that were most common in my life.

海と出会うまでは

These were the ones I'd like to draw --

生き物といえば こんな動物達で−

all variations of four legs and fur.

絵に描くのも ４本足の−

But when you got to the ocean,

毛のある動物ばかり

my imagination was no competition for nature.

でも 海に行ってみると

Every time I'd come up with a crazy cartoon character on the drawing board,

僕の想像力なんて比べ物になりません

I'd find a critter in the ocean that was even crazier.

変なキャラクターを思いついても

And the differences in scale between this tiny sea dragon

海中にはもっと異様な生き物がいるんです

and this enormous humpback whale

それに この小さいタツノオトシゴとザトウ鯨の−

was like something out of a science-fiction movie.

スケールのギャップなんて

Whenever I talk to kids, I always like to tell them,

もう SF映画並みです

the biggest animal that ever lived is still alive.

子供達にいつも言う事なんですが

It's not a dinosaur; it's a whale,

地球歴史上１番大きい生き物は

animals as big as office buildings

恐竜じゃなくてクジラなんですよ

still swimming around out there in our ocean.

オフィスビルほどの大きさで

Speaking of dinosaurs, sharks are basically

今も海で泳いでいます

the same fish they were 300 million years ago.

恐竜と言えば サメは基本的に

So if you ever fantasize about going back in time

３億年前存在した魚と変わりません

and seeing what a dinosaur looked like,

仮に その頃に戻って

that's what a dinosaur looks like.

恐竜を見たとしましょう

So you have living dinosaurs

きっと こんなのだったんです

and space aliens,

生きている恐竜も

animals that evolved in zero gravity in harsh conditions.

無重力で厳しい環境にも適応した−

It's just incredible; no Hollywood designer

宇宙人のような生き物も 海の中にいるんです

could come up with something more interesting than that.

凄いですよね　ハリウッドのデザイナーも−

Or this fangtooth. The particles in the water

これより印象深いものは思いつきません

make it look like it's floating in outer space.

このオニキンメ 海中の粒子を背景に−

Could you image if we looked through the Hubble Telescope

まるで宇宙を泳いでいるみたいでしょう

and we saw that?

望遠鏡をのぞいて これが見えたら

It would start a whole new space race.

びっくりでしょ？

But instead, we stick a camera in the deep ocean,

新宇宙種の発見ですよ

and we see a fish, and it doesn't capture our imagination

代わりに カメラで深海の魚を見るんですが

as a society.

それだけでは そこに別の「世界」があるとは

We say to ourselves,

想像しづらいですよね

"Maybe we can make fish sticks with it or something."

魚をみても

So, what I'd like to do now

「フライにできるね」って思うぐらいで

is try a little drawing.

そこで この場を借りて

So, I'm going to try to draw this fangtooth here.

少し絵を描きたいと思います

I love to draw the deep sea fish,

オニキンメ君を描いてみましょうか

because they are so ugly,

深海魚を描くのが大好きなんです

but beautiful in their own way.

すごく不細工なんだけど

Maybe we can give him a little bioluminescence here --

どことなくかわいいんですよ

give him a headlight,

ライトもつけてあげましょうか

maybe a brake light,

ヘッドライトに

turn signals.

ブレーキライト

But it's easy to see why these animals

ついでに方向指示器も

make such great cartoon characters,

こういう生き物って形や大きさが−

their shapes and sizes.

色々で 漫画のキャラクターに−

So some of them actually seem to have powers

しやすいんです

like superheroes in a comic book.

本当に漫画のスーパーヒーローみたいな力を−

For instance,

持ってる生き物もいるんですよ

take these sea turtles.

例えば

They kind of have a sixth sense

ウミガメ

like Superman's x-ray vision.

スーパーマンの透視能力のような−

They can sense the magnetic fields of the earth.

第六感を持っていて

And they can use that sense

地磁気を感じとる事ができます

to navigate hundreds of miles of open ocean.

そのおかげで

I kind of give my turtle hands

広大な海を旅する事ができるんです

just to make them an easier cartoon character to work with.

手もつけてあげましょう

Or take this sea cucumber.

もっと漫画のキャラクターっぽくなるでしょ

It's not an animal we draw cartoons of

次にこのナマコ

or draw at all.

普通 絵に描いたりも−

He's like an underwater Spiderman.

しませんけど

He shoots out these sticky webs

海中のスパイダーマンなんですよ

to entangle his enemy.

ベタベタした網を放って−

Of course, sea cucumbers shoot them out their rears,

敵をからみつかせます

which, in my opinion, makes them much more interesting a superhero.

肛門から発射するんですよ

(Laughter)

スーパーヒーローよりはるかに おもしろいですよね

He can't spin a web anytime; he's got to pull his pants down first.

（笑）

(Laughter)

網を放つにはまず パンツを下げないといけませんけど

Or the blowfish.

（笑）

The blowfish is like the Incredible Hulk.

フグも凄いんです

It can change its body

漫画の超人ハルクみたいなんです

into a big, intimidating fish

ほんの一瞬で

in a matter of seconds.

大きく迫力のある魚に−

I'm going to draw this blowfish uninflated.

変わる事ができるんです

And then I'm going to attempt

まず 膨らんでいないフグを描いて

onscreen animation here.

そして ちょっとした動画に−

Let's see.

トライしてみましょうか

Try and inflate it.

さてさて

(Laughter)

大きくなれるかな？

"You talkin' to me?" See, he can inflate himself

（笑）

when he wants to be intimidating.

”僕の事？（フグ）”　ね いつでも−

Or take this swordfish.

迫力ある魚に変身できるんです

Could you imagine being born with a tool for a nose?

次に メカジキ

Do you think he wakes up in the morning, looks in the mirror and says,

武器みたいな鼻で生まれてくるなんて 想像できます？

"Somebody's getting stabbed today."

朝 鏡を眺めながら こんな事を言ってるかもしれませんね

Or this lionfish for instance.

「今日は誰か刺しちゃうかもな」

Imagine trying to make friends

次にこのミノカサゴ

covered with razor-sharp poisonous barbs.

もし友達が

It's not something you want to put on your Facebook page, right?

毒針だらけだったらどうします？

My characters are --

Facebookで公表するのもためらうでしょ？

my lead character's a shark named Sherman.

僕の漫画のキャラクターといえば

He's a great white shark.

主人公はサメのシャーマン

And I kind of broke the mold with Sherman.

ホホジロザメなんですが

I didn't want to go with this ruthless

少し 型を破ってみました

predator image.

狂暴な肉食のイメージを植え付けたく–

He's kind of just out there making a living.

なかったんです

He's sort of a Homer Simpson with fins.

彼は毎日 なんとなく過ごしています

And then his sidekick

ひれのついた ホーマー・シンプソンですね

is a sea turtle, as I mentioned before, named Filmore.

彼の相棒は

He uses his wonderful skills at navigation

ウミガメのフィルモア

to wander the oceans, looking for a mate.

航海のスキルを使って

And he does manage to find them,

航海しながら彼女探しをしています

but great navigation skills, lousy pick-up lines.

出会いはあるのですが

He never seems

口説き文句がイマイチで

to settle on

運命の彼女を−

any particular girl.

なかなか見つけられそうに−

I have a hermit crab named Hawthorne,

ありません

who doesn't get a lot of respect as a hermit crab,

脚光を浴びる事がない−

so he kind of wishes

ヤドカリのホーソンは

he were a great white shark.

「自分がホホジロザメだったらなー」

And then I'll introduce you to one more character,

と思っています

this guy, Ernest,

もう一人紹介しますね

who is basically a juvenile delinquent

こいつ アーネスト

in a fish body.

非行少年の−

So with characters, you can make stories.

魚です

Sometimes making a story is as easy

キャラクターが揃えば 物語が作れます

as putting two characters in a room

話を作るのは ２人のキャラクターを

and seeing what happens.

同じ部屋に入れて 何が起こるか−

So, imagine a great white shark and a giant squid in the same bathroom.

観察するだけで良い時もあります

(Laughter)

巨大イカとホホジロザメが 同じトイレにいるのを想像してみるとか

Or, sometimes I take them to places

（笑）

that people have never heard of because they're underwater.

時には 誰も知らない−

For instance, I took them skiing in the Mid-Atlantic Range,

海中のある場所に連れて行ったり

which is this range of mountains in the middle of the Atlantic.

例えば 大西洋中央海溝に スキーに連れて行ったり

I've taken them to the Sea of Japan,

大西洋には 海底山脈があるんですよ

where they met giant jellyfish.

日本海にも連れて行きました

I've taken them camping in the kelp forests of California.

巨大クラゲがいっぱいでしたね

This next one here,

カリフォルニアの海藻の森にも連れて行きました

I did a story on the census of marine life.

次に 海洋生物統計のために

And that was a lot of fun because, as most of you know,

作った漫画を紹介します

it's a real project we've heard about.

楽しかったです　皆さんご存知のように−

But it was a chance for me to introduce readers

これは実際のプロジェクトで

to a lot of crazy undersea characters.

読者に 海中のキャラクターを紹介する

So we start off the story with Ernest,

絶好のチャンスでした

who volunteers as a census taker.

まずアーネストが

He goes down and he meets this famous anglerfish.

国勢調査委員としてボランティアします

Then he meets the yeti crab,

調査を進め 有名なニシアンコウに出会います

the famous vampire squid -- elusive, hard to find --

そして 毛もじゃらのイエティクラブ

and the Dumbo octopus, which looks so much like a cartoon in real life

見つけにくい コウモリダコ

that really didn't have to change a thing when I drew it.

漫画のキャラクターにするには−

I did another story on marine debris.

ぴったりのダンボタコ

I was speaking to a lot of my friends

海のゴミ問題に関する物語も作りました

in the conservation business,

生物保護に関わっている友人と−

and they --

話しているとき

I asked them, "So what's one issue you would like everyone to know more about?"

質問してみました

And they said -- this one friend of mine said,

「どの問題についてみんなに知ってほしい？」

"I've got one word for you: plastic."

すると友人の一人が

And I told him, "Well, I need something a little sexier than that.

「一言で言うとプラスチック」と答えました

Plastic just is not going to do it."

「プラスチックだけじゃねぇ　 もう少し注目を浴びるような−

We sort of worked things out.

何かがいる」と彼に伝え

He wanted me to use words like polyvinyl chloride,

一緒に考える事にしました

which doesn't really work in voice balloons very well.

彼は”ポリビニル塩化物”なんて言葉を 使いたかったみたいです

I couldn't fit them in.

でも そんなの吹き出しには書けませんよ

So what I did was I made an adventure strip.

僕はできなかったな

Basically, this bottle travels a long way.

そこで僕は 冒険のシナリオを作りました

What I'm trying to tell readers

ペットボトルが長い旅をします

is that plastic doesn't really go away;

私が読者に伝えたいのは

it just continues to wash downstream.

プラスチックは消えてなくならないと言う事です

And a lot of it ends up washing into the ocean,

ただ流されていくだけ

which is a great story if you attach a couple characters to it,

ほとんどが海にたどり着きます

especially if they can't stand each other, like these two.

キャラクターをいれると きちんとした物語ができます

So, I sent them to Boise, Idaho,

特に 犬猿の仲のこの２人はぴったり

where they dropped a plastic bottle

そこで アイダホ州のボイジに連れて行きました

into the Boise sewer system.

そこでペットボトルを下水処理施設に

And it ended up in the Boise River

落としてしまいます

and then on to the Columbia River

ボイジ川に流れて行って

and then to the mouth of the Columbia

コロンビア川に流れて行って

and to the Pacific Ocean

西海岸から

and then on to this place called the Great Pacific Garbage Patch --

太平洋へ

which is this giant Pacific gyre in the North Pacific,

そこから太平洋ゴミベルトに乗ります

where a lot of this plastic ends up floating around --

北太平洋の巨大ベルトには

and then back onto the lagoon.

たくさんのゴミが運ばれてきて

So that was basically a buddy story

最後はラグーンに戻されます

with a plastic bottle following along.

単純な ペットボトルを交えた−

So a lot of people remember the plastic bottle anyway,

２人の話なんですが

but we really talked about marine debris and plastic

ペットボトルの印象が強く

in the course of that one.

たくさんの人がゴミ問題について考えてくれると

The third storyline I did about a year and a half ago

思います

was probably my most difficult.

３つ目のお話は １年半程前に手がけました

It was on shark finning, and I felt really strongly

最も難しかったですね

about this issue.

サメのヒレ問題についてで私自身−

And I felt like, since my main character was a shark,

強い関心がありました

the comic strip was a perfect vehicle for telling the public about this.

私の主人公がサメということもあって

Now, finning is the act

この問題を公に知ってもらうには ぴったりだと思いました

of taking a shark, cutting the valuable fins off

問題になっているのは

and throwing the live animal back in the water.

サメのヒレをだけを切り落として

It's cruel, it's wasteful.

海に戻すという行為です

There's nothing funny or entertaining about it,

残酷で 無駄な行為なんです

but I really wanted to take this issue on.

面白くもなんともありません