Name: 資本主義を改善する方法 (How to Improve Capitalism)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T06:54:09.000Z
Duration: 6 min 26 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

It's clear capitalism doesn't work very well at the moment

but most of us feel there isn't anything to be done

転換語

we're stuck with it because there's just no alternative

there are plenty of good workable suggestion for reform

We have to bear in mind that capitalism isn't just one thing

There are almost as many varieties of capitalism as there are capitalist countries

There are american, german, singaporean, swedish, danish, korean versions of the thing

The differences include the sizes of the welfare state

from around 10% of GDP in Korea to over 30% in Finland

The importance of state-owned enterprises

with nearly 70% of workers unionized in Norway

Think that Sweden, that supposedly high-tax-addicted country

Or remember that the US, that pro-the-rich place today

had a top income tax rate of 91% between 1915 and 1963

so we don't have to chug capitalism in a bin

the trick is to tweak and reform it in intelligent ways

When people hear of options to adjust capitalism

will ultimately outcompete the others because it's just superior

the US variety maximizes growth by minimizing the constraints on wealth creation

but in the end makes everyone better-off in absolute terms

than under a more equal but less dynamic system

that the freer varieties of capitalism grow faster

From 1955 to 1980, the time when regulations were much stricter,

For the next 30 years, the heyday of neoliberal economics

In its miracle growth periods between 1958 and 1982

had governments hell-bent on dictating business activities

that a large welfare state is bad for economic growth,

Finland, with the welfare state 1.5 times bigger than that of the US,

with an average annual per-capita income growth rate of 2.7% for the last 40 years

with integral retraining and redeployment programs

as the old slogan of the swedish social democratic party used to go

Unlike what some economists like to tell us

it doesn't have to be a hard choice between security and stagnation on the one hand

and perilous insecurity and economic dynamism on the other

It isn't some inevitable natural phenomenon

need to have huge paybacks or they won't deliver the goods

but data consistently shows no relationship

Then there is the claim that we redistributing wealth impoverishes everyone

but some of the most productive and wealthy countries in the world

Before redistribution throught the tax system

Germany in 2011 was a far more unequal country than the US

Germany's G.I.N.I.'s coefficient, an indicator of income inequality

was at 0.51, higher than in the US, where it was 0.50

Germany's G.I.N.I. coefficient fell to 0.29

while the US, with a far more elite-friendly tax system

saw its G.I.N.I coefficient fall to only 0.38

Moreover, countries can limit the very ability of the market to generate inequality

through formal regulations or informal business practices

has by far the lowest rate of inequality in the developed world

rather because the country has lots of regulations

like organics farms, and small shops, especially bakeries and bookshops

And it has laws that keep CEO compensation low by international standards

All this preventing the full manifestation

of the inequalizing tendencies of an unfettered market

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資本主義を改善する方法 (How to Improve Capitalism)

inevitable

nasty

average

term