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  • - I really enjoy regression.

  • I'd say regression was maybe one of the first concepts that

  • really helped me understand data, so I enjoy regression.

  • - I really like data visualization.

  • I think it's a key element for people to get

  • across their message to people

  • that don't understand that well what data science is.

  • - Artificial neural networks.

  • - I'm really passionate about neural networks

  • because we have a lot to learn from nature

  • so when we are trying to mimic our brain,

  • I think that we can do some applications with this behavior,

  • this biological behavior in algorithms.

  • - Data visualization with R, I love to do this.

  • - Nearest neighbor, it's the simplest,

  • but it just gets the best results so many more times,

  • than some overblown, overworked algorithm

  • that's just as likely to over fit

  • as it is to make a good fit.

  • - So, structured data is more like tabular data,

  • things that you're familiar with in Microsoft Excel format,

  • you've got rows and columns,

  • and that's called structured data.

  • Unstructured data is basically data that is coming from

  • mostly from web, where it's not tabular.

  • It is not in rows and columns, it's text.

  • Sometimes it's video and audio.

  • You would have to deploy more sophisticated algorithms

  • to extract data.

  • In fact, a lot of times, we take unstructured data

  • and spend a great deal of time and effort to get

  • some structure out of it and then analyze it.

  • If you have something which just fits nicely into

  • tables and columns and rows go ahead.

  • That's your structured data,

  • but if you see if it's a weblog,

  • or if you're trying to get information out of webpages,

  • and you've got a gazillion webpages,

  • that's unstructured data,

  • that would require a little bit more effort

  • to get information out of it.

  • Machine learning is basically a set of these advanced tools

  • people use to find answers.

  • I'm not a big fan of machine learning,

  • and I'll give you my bias right now.

  • Imagine there's an island

  • and there are about 45,000 people who live on that island.

  • It's cut off from the rest of the world,

  • nobody can swim into the island, or swim out of the island.

  • Now imagine that island had a murder,

  • and you're the detective who's been tasked

  • with finding who the culprit is.

  • Now, there's various approaches you can take.

  • One approach is you say, well, whoever killed this person

  • is on this island.

  • So there are 45,000 people and there are 45,000 suspects.

  • I'm going to go one by one asking each person

  • until I find the suspect, right.

  • That's machine learning, because you have no other reason,

  • no other assumptions, no other hypothesis, no other feeling.

  • You say, I don't know anything.

  • I'm just going to throw everything into my model

  • and see who the culprit is.

  • Sometimes you get to the culprit, sometimes you don't,

  • but it would take time.

  • Machine learning is basically saying when you do not have

  • many assumptions about your data, and you're short of

  • knowing a lot about your data,

  • you just throw everything into this model,

  • and see what comes out of it.

  • It's more of a black box approach.

  • I know that a large number of professionals live by it.

  • I, on the other hand, like to look at data with my own

  • preconceived notions, because it is said, a data scientist

  • is someone who is very judgmental.

  • That person, a data scientist is one who has an opinion

  • about data.

  • Who has an opinion about the phenomena they're learning,

  • or they're investigating.

  • They cannot simply believe

  • that I'm going to have a kitchen sink approach,

  • I'm going to dump everything in the model.

  • Machine learning is basically saying, dump everything,

  • see what comes out of it.

  • There are thousands of books written on regression,

  • and millions of lectures delivered on regression.

  • And I always feel that they don't do a good job

  • of explaining regression, because they get into data

  • and models and statistical distributions.

  • Let's forget about it, let me explain regression

  • in the simplest possible terms.

  • If you have ever taken a cab ride, a taxi ride,

  • you understand regression.

  • Here's how it works.

  • The moment you sit in a cab ride, in a cab,

  • you see that there's a fixed amount there, it says 2 dollars 50 cents, $2.50

  • You rather that the cab moves or you get off,

  • this is what you owe to the driver,

  • the moment you step into a cab.

  • That's a constant, you have to pay that amount,

  • if you have stepped into a cab.

  • Then as it starts moving, for every meter or 100 meters,

  • the fare increases by a certain amount.

  • So, there's a fraction, there's a relationship

  • between distance and the amount you would pay,

  • above and beyond that constant.

  • If you're not moving, and you're stuck in traffic,

  • then every additional minute, you have to pay more.

  • As the minutes increase, your fare increases,

  • as the distance increases, your fare increases,

  • and while all this is happening, you've already

  • paid a base fare, which is the constant.

  • This is what regression is.

  • Regression tells you what the base fare is

  • and what is the relationship between time

  • and the fare you have paid

  • and the distance you have traveled

  • and the fare you have paid.

  • Because in the absence of knowing those relationships,

  • and just knowing how much people traveled for,

  • and how much they paid,

  • regression allows you to compute

  • that constant that you didn't know it was 2.50,

  • and it would compute the relationship between the fare

  • and the distance, and the fare and the time.

  • That's a regression.

- I really enjoy regression.

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B1 中級

テクノロジー【データサイエンス101 (Technology [Data Science 101])

  • 86 16
    陳賢原 に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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