Name: BBC フランス革命 - 歴史を引き裂く (BBC The French Revolution - Tearing Up History)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T06:26:18.000Z
Duration: 59 min
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

程度の副詞

I don't just study the creation of art, I study its destruction.

In many ways, I study the history of art from below.

In this film, I'm going to tell the story of the French Revolution

through the destruction of art, buildings and symbols.

In a revolution, the destruction and transformation of art and symbols

is a way to turn the tables. It's called iconoclasm.

through the smashed, altered and reshaped art of the past.

it's a story about symbols, it's a story about the power of the monarchy,

the power of the church, the power of aristocracy.

Were the French revolutionaries just a mob?

Why were their governments so afraid of them?

this is a story about the breaking of images,

this is a story of the city being transformed through destruction,

The French Revolution of 1789 changed the world.

Inspired by the enlightenment notions of liberty, equality and brotherhood,

the people of France tore control of their destiny from the king, nobility and church,

giving birth to a new way of seeing the world around us.

The revolution was a war whose battlefield was the visual world,

where the symbols of royal, religious and aristocratic power

Revolutionaries took these symbols and they destroyed them,

The word "vandalism" was invented to describe them.

But I don't think that they were mindless barbarians.

This battle over who controlled Paris began 24 kilometres outside

Begun in 1632, King Louis's forebears expanded the Palace of Versailles

to boast an astonishing 750 rooms with extravagant gardens

This building was the ultimate expression of French, royal power.

Versailles is famous for being an extravagant piece of architecture

That's all true, but it's also the heart of ancien regime government.

The King's apartments are a tiny fraction of this vast palace.

The rest of it is administration, as well as servants, of course.

And that's the important thing for the revolution -

this is the place to come to get decisions made.

For all its gold leaf, I'm not here to visit the Palace of Versailles,

because the French Revolution effectively began nearby,

in this unassuming back street, at the Royal Tennis Courts.

I've genuinely studied the revolution for almost half my life.

the most important place in recent French history.

In 1789, the French world of politics was in turmoil,

divided into three groups called estates - the church at the top, nobility in the middle,

and taxed heavily by a cash-strapped elite.

they keep losing wars, it's an expensive business.

"I rule by divine right, I request that representatives of

"the three estates that make up French society

"come to Versailles and help me find a way

The third estate and its champions in the press

"Well, we're the vast majority of the French people,

"surely we should have more representatives than everybody else?"

the King refused to let them meet in the allotted space

and they found the doors locked, so they came to the tennis court

and they swore an oath, they swore that they would sit in perpetuity

until a constitution was written for France.

This is the moment when constitutional politics is born.

it seems to be such a scene of consensus,

all these arms thrusting to the centre towards Bailly,

But it isn't entirely a scene of consensus.

We've got a figure in the bottom right hand corner who sits gesturing,

firmly holding his arms to his chest, he is not going to raise

his arm and swear this oath, it's too big.

He's realising the enormity of the moment.

but, as we all know, he certainly will gain a reputation.

And in the very centre, just at the feet of Bailly,

there is Sieyes, who's such a key writer in the run-up to this event

and he sits as if in the eye of the storm, totally still,

as if contemplating what his writing has unleashed.

It's no longer about the divine right of kings,

it's about power, sovereignty, emanating from below.

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BBC フランス革命 - 歴史を引き裂く (BBC The French Revolution - Tearing Up History)

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