Sandeep: Hi. My name is Sandeep,

オレゴンのGoogle データセンターへようこそ

a developer advocate on the Google Cloud platform.

セキュリティのために 立ち入り許可が必要で----

Welcome to the Google Data Center

大半の社員は入れません

at the Dalles, Oregon.

特別に中をご案内します

Take a look around.

サイト信頼性エンジニアの ノアです

Before we go inside, we need to make sure

GoogleのＳＲＥの役割とは？

that we have the appropriate security clearance.

サービス維持のための システム開発と管理だ

Most Google employees can't even get in here.

その一部が壊れた場合は？

So let's go on a special behind-the-scenes tour.

起こり得るトラブルを踏まえて 開発しているから----

[keypad beeps, door opens]

パワー 接続 サーバーに 余裕がある

I'm here with Noah

クラスタ全体を失っても----

from the Site Reliability Engineering Team.

他にデータを移動させて 影響を最小限に抑えられる

Noah, can you tell us a little bit more

加えてＳＲＥチームが----

about the SRE role at Google?

24時間体制で 緊急時に備えているんだ

Noah: Yeah, SREs write and maintain the software systems

ありがとう

designed to keep our services running.

システムへの理解を 深めたところで----

Sandeep: So what happens if one of these systems goes down?

データセンターの構造を 見てみましょう

Noah: We've designed our systems from the ground up

先へ進むには 虹彩スキャンと 生体認証が必要です

to be able to handle any unexpected failures

一度に１人しか通れない 二重の認証システムです

that might occur.

では のちほど

We have highly redundant power, networking,

両目を映してください

and serving domains so that even if we do lose

カメラに近づいてください

an entire cluster, we're able to re-direct those workloads

データセンター階です

and live migrate data in order to minimize any impact.

大量のサーバーですが----

In addition, we have a team of SREs on call 24/7

建物の１フロアで利用する １クラスタ用です

that can tackle any problems that might arise.

世界規模の サーバー管理は至難の業です

Sandeep: Thanks, Noah.

そのために Borg Colossus Spannerなどの----

Now we've learned more about the systems

ツールを使います

that manage our fleet at Google,

Kubernetesや Google Cloud Storage----

let's take a deeper look

BigQueryは有名でしょう

at the data center infrastructure itself.

それらがエンジニアや利用者の 円滑なインフラ操作と----

Before we can continue further,

斬新なアプリケーション構築を 可能にします

we need to go through the biometric iris scan

Googleのインフラは ほぼ自社製です

and circle lock.

おかげで大規模なサービスを 柔軟に提供できます

These only allow one person in at a time

ネットワークエンジニアの バージニアだ

and require dual authentication

どうも

to continue further.

今日の仕事は？

I'll see you on the other side.

建物内に マシンを増やせるように----

[control beeps]

ネットワークを拡張しているわ

computer voice: Please situate your eyes

製品と利用者のために キャパシティを頻繁に増やすの

to begin the procedure.

世界中で増やし続けるのは 大変だろ？

Please come a little closer to the camera.

それも見越して ネットワークを設計してあるわ

[beep]

現在のネットワーク技術 Jupiterは----

Sandeep: Welcome to the data center floor.

ＳＤＮの原理を利用した 階層的な設計よ

As you can tell, we have a lot of servers,

サーバー同様に ネットワークの一部を分離して----

and this is a single cluster in a single floor

プログラムやデータのように 扱える

in a single building.

“分離”は 　Googleの共通テーマだね

Managing all of these servers on a global scale

ここには光ファイバーも多い

is quite a challenge.

ええ

To utilize our fleet, we use tools

１つの建物で マシン７万5000台を支え----

such as Borg, Colossus, and Spanner.

帯域幅は毎秒１ＰＢを 超えられる

You may be familiar with similar tools,

インターネット全体以上よ

such as Kubernetes, Google Cloud storage,

低遅延かつ高処理で ストレージやリソースに----

and BigQuery.

確実にアクセスできるわ

These tools allow Google engineers

世界中のデータセンターと つながる方法は？

and Cloud customers

Googleの高性能な バックボーン回線 Ｂ４は----

to more easily manage infrastructure,

ネット接続回線より 速く成長中よ

allowing everyone to build

全センターをまとめて----

innovative and scalable applications.

各地からのアクセスを 可能にしているの

Here at Google, a lot of our infrastructure is custom-made.

光ファイバーが多いのも納得だ ありがとう

This gives us the flexibility and performance

こちらこそ

we need to run all of our services at scale.

クラウドはネットワークの力に 支えられていますね

Oh, hey, it's Virginia, one of our network engineers.

次はデータの安全な保管場所を 見に行きましょう

Virginia: Hey, Sandeep.

数ＴＢのデータ解析にも 数ＰＢのデータ保管にも----

Sandeep: Virginia, what are you working on today?

物理的なストレージが 欠かせません

Virginia: Today I'm working with Hardware Ops

Googleのインフラなら 迅速で安全にアクセスできます

to expand this data center network

ＨＤＤやＳＳＤの不具合にも 日々 対処が必要です

to deploy additional machines in this building.

データを複製しつつ----

Our fleet is constantly growing to support new capacity

使用済みハードドライブの破棄 または再利用をします

for Google products and our Cloud customers.

サーバーからディスクを外し 処理するまで----

Sandeep: That sounds like a lot of work,

管理は厳重です

to be constantly adding capacity around the globe.

中身を完全に消去して シュレッダーにかけます

Virginia: Well, we designed our network

体験してみましょう

so that this kind of capacity growth isn't very hard.

データセンター内の 大量のハードウェアは----

Jupiter, our current data center and network technology,

環境に優しく 確かな方法で 冷却する必要があります

is a hierarchical design

実際に見てみましょう

using software-defined networking principles.

ここは機械設備室

So just like with our servers,

カッコいいですね

we abstracted away the specific details of our network

施設技術者のブライアンです

and can manage them like they're software programs and data.

やあ

Sandeep: Abstracting seems to be a common theme here at Google.

この部屋について 教えてくれる？

I've also noticed there's a lot of fiber

ここはデータセンター１つ分の 冷却所だ

running in our data centers. Virginia: That's right.

サーバー階で発生した 大量の熱を----

A single building can support 75,000 machines,

ここから除去する

and carry over one petabit per second of bandwidth,

冷却水と工程用水の パイプがあるんだ

which is actually more than on the entire Internet.

青と赤は工程用水パイプで----

Sandeep: Wow. Virginia: This allows us

サーバー階の熱を取り除き ここの熱交換器へ運ぶ----

to reliably access storage and compute resources

緑と黄色は冷却水パイプだ

with low latency and high throughput.

下の水源から冷水を運び----

Sandeep: So how is this data center connected to

熱交換器を通って 屋上の冷却塔へ届ける

all our other data centers around the globe?

パイプの色が Googleカラーだね

Virginia: Google runs B4,

データセンターの効率は？

our own private, highly efficient backbone network,

世界屈指の 効率的なデータセンターだ

which is actually growing faster

施設の電力使用効率を 2008年に計測し始めた頃----

than our Internet-facing network.

他のセンターの電力使用量は 約100％だった

It connects all our data centers together

Googleは20％で----

and allows services to efficiently access resources

その後 12％まで 削減させてきた

in any location. Sandeep: Nice.

カフェテリア込みでだ

I finally know what all this Google fiber is really used for.

すごい効率性だ

Thanks, Virginia. Virginia: No problem.

この緑のマシンは？

Sandeep: So now you've seen

めったに使わないが冷却装置だ

all the compute and networking horsepower

外が暑すぎる時 工程用水の水温を調節して----

required to run your workloads in the Cloud,

冷却塔を補助する

let's take a look at where your data is

最近は 冷却装置のないセンターもある

safely and securely stored.

より効率性が上がったんだね

Let's go.

冷却塔も見せてもらえる？

Whether you're querying terabytes of data on BigQuery

もちろん

or storing petabytes in Google Cloud Storage,

見晴らしがいい

all of your data needs to be stored on a physical device.

これが冷却塔だ

Our data center infrastructure allows us

冷却水パイプの水を 蒸発作用で冷やして水源へ戻す

to access our storage quickly and securely.

いわば本物の雲を作る

At our scale, we need to handle hard drive and SSD failure

“クラウドで雲作り”か 　いいね

on a daily basis.

クラウドの電力供給は？

While your data is replicated and safe,

受変電設備へ案内しよう

we need to destroy or recycle used hard drives

ここが受変電設備だ

so no one can access your data.

高電圧の電流を受け----

From the time a disc is removed from the server

減圧して 複数の電力分配装置へ送る

to the time it's decommissioned,

分配装置の電力が不足したら？

we maintain a very strict chain of custody.

発電機とバックアップ装置で サーバーの電力を維持できる

The discs are completely wiped and then destroyed

電力源は？

in a huge shredder.

周辺にある複数の水力発電所だ

Let's go shred some hard drives.

自然エネルギーの活用だね

[beeping]

二酸化酸素も出さない

We've looked at a lot of the hardware

すばらしい

that runs in our data centers, but it doesn't end there.

Googleは電力や冷却から ソフトウェアシステムまで----

We need to cool and power our infrastructure

着実に信頼性を築いている

in an environmentally sustainable and reliable way.

ありがとう

Let's take a look at how we cool our servers.

ああ　いい１日を

Welcome to the mechanical equipment room.

ご視聴ありがとうございます

Looks pretty cool, doesn't it?

cloud.google.comも ぜひチェックしてください

Oh, hey, it's Brian, one of

our data center facilities technicians!

Brian: Hey, Sandeep. Sandeep: Hey, Brian.

Brian, can you tell us a little bit more about this room?

Brian: Sure. This is a cooling plant

for one of the data centers that we have on site.

So a lot of heat is generated on the server floor,

and it all has to be removed,

and that starts right here in the cooling plant.

So it's basically two loops.

We have the condenser water loop

and we have the process water loop.

The process water loop are these blue and red pipes over here.

So they take the heat off the server floor

and they transfer it to these heat exchangers here.

The condenser water loop are

these green and yellow pipes here.

They take the cold water from the basin underneath us,

they transfer it to these heat exchangers here,

and they send it up to the cooling towers up on the roof.

Sandeep: I notice our pipes are Google colors.

It's pretty cool.

So how efficient is our data center?

Brian: Well, Google has some of

the most efficient data centers in the world.

In fact, when we started reporting our power usage effectiveness

or P.U.E., in 2008,

most data centers were around 100% overhead.

At that point in time, Google was 20% overhead,

but since then, we've reduced it to just 12%,

and that even includes our cafeterias.

Sandeep: Whoa! That is so low!

Also what's this big green machine for?

Brian: Oh, well, this is a chiller.

We very rarely use them,

but it helps keep the process water temperature

in the desired temperature range

when it gets really hot outside,

basically helping the cooling tower do its job,

and some of our newer data centers,

they have no chillers at all.

Sandeep: I love how our new data centers are even more efficient.

By the way, can we go up and take a look at a cooling tower?

Brian: Sure. Let's go.

Sandeep: Wow, what a view up here!

Brian: So, Sandeep, this is a cooling tower.

It uses evaporation to rapidly cool the water

from the condenser loop and sends it back down to the basin.

You could say we're making actual clouds with the Cloud.

Sandeep: Clouds making actual clouds--welcome to Google!

So, Brian, how do we power the Cloud?

Brian: Well, that all starts at Google's power substation.

Let's go take a look.

So this is the Google-owned power substation.

This is where the high voltage power enters the site.

It's reduced and then sent

to multiple power distribution centers

such as this one right here.

Sandeep: What happens if a power distribution center

loses power?

Brian: If it loses power, we have

multiple generator and utility backup sources

available to maintain power to those servers.

Sandeep: And where does all the power come from?

Brian: It actually comes from

multiple hydroelectric power plants

that are nearby. Sandeep: I love how Google uses

reliable green energy whenever possible.

Brian: We are 100% carbon neutral actually.

Sandeep: That's pretty cool

You know, it seems like Google builds reliability

from the ground up, from the power and cooling

all the way to the software systems that manage our fleet.

Thanks for showing me around, Brian.

Brian: No problem. Have a great day.

Sandeep: Thank you for joining me on

this special behind-the-scenes tour.

Please check out cloud.google.com

to learn how you can build what's next.