字幕表 動画を再生する 英語字幕をプリント CHRIS: Hi, everyone. Thanks for coming. My name's Chris [? Wallen. ?] I'm an engineer here at Google on the Maps team. And I'm hosting today Walter Voit and Srishti Goel from Adaptive 3D Technologies, and they're going to give a talk about what they call their extreme 3D printing. So without further ado, I present Walter Voit. WALTER VOIT: Thanks, Chris. It's a pleasure to be back here at Google. As Chris mentioned, I'm Walter Voit. We founded Adaptive 3D about two years ago as a spin-out from a company that I founded back in grad school called Syzygy Memory Plastics. In my spare time, I'm a professor at UT Dallas and run a research lab that focuses in polymer chemistry, in flexible electronics, in radiation processing and materials, and looking at fundamental interfaces of materials. And in this quest to make better, stretchier, lighter, stronger materials, we've come up with some really neat ways to be able to build them layer by layer and make stronger, tougher, 3D printed parts. Let's get right into it. So Adaptive started in 2014. Up here is our management team. I'm the president for now until we find sort of a seasoned management team, for which we're looking. Srishti, who's here, just joined the team a little while ago. She got her Material Science degree at Columbia, and is leading a lot of interactions with the companies that we work with. Dr. Lund is an organic chemist by training who specializes in a lot of our new synthetic monomers. Dan Patterson is our first investor. He's a seasoned private equity guy back in Dallas. He's bought and sold more than 30 companies since 1993 and does a lot in the middle market manufacturing and business logistics, and I think has really come in and given us a lot of experience. He was a Harvard MBA guy from the late '70s. And finally, Brent Duncan. He was the co-founder with me of Syzygy Memory Plastics. He and I were grad school buddies from Georgia Tech. He was in the MBA program and I was in the PhD Program. Brent also has a PhD in Material Science and Engineering from Duke University, and spent some time with a nicotine s startup company in the Research Triangle. And then has been working with a lot of technology transfer back in Dallas for the better part of the last half decade. So what our mission and what our job at Adaptive is, is to really provide services to large companies. We work primarily with large Fortune 500 companies. Halliburton is our first big, big customer. We've also engage a number of others. And we're trying to build parts that can't be made today by conventional means. So let me get into what that market opportunity is. In the past almost 25 years, 3D printing-- you guys have probably heard it as a buzz word, as a tech word-- and it means a lot of different things to a lot of different people. You can 3D print metals, ceramics, plastics, so we're a niche. We're just focused on plastics, and within the area of plastics, we've focused on soft, rubber-like materials, and viscoelastic materials, materials that have extreme toughness. 3D printing has had a 25% compounding annual growth rate over the last 25 years or so, and it's projected to serve as a critical part of the $16 trillion manufacturing economy by 2030. And you have to ask why that is. Well, a lot of the big companies in our space, in the polymer space, 3D Systems and Stratasys are two of the large players. And I think a lot of market hype sort of caught up and even surpassed the expec-- or surpassed the reality of where 3D printing was. If you look at a lot of these stock prices, in 2014 there were some pretty big peaks, and things haven't been so rosy on the market side for 3D printers. And the reason is because companies have been unable to 3D print high value industrial parts. A lot of 3D printers and 3D printing companies, we like to call the Kickstarter babies, have come out with the shock and awe. The hey, let's print something really quickly, or let's print some really complex widgets. But a lot of the back end market reporting from Wohlers and from other sources has identified this giant additive manufacturing market as the real value add. It's the idea that you can print materials. That if you print this first layer, the second layer, the third layer, the fourth layer, they need to be as strong in this x-direction or this y-direction as they are in this z-direction. And a lot of parts suffer from this problem called anisotropy, not the same in all directions. And so with our background in understanding polymers and polymer physics, we've focused on printing isotropically tough parts, and have found really neat ways to chemically cross-link plastics in this direction, as well as in this direction to make them strong and tough. And in a little bit I'll show some of the materials properties, some of the stress strain curves. I don't get too nerdy and techie, but that's sort of the limiting problem that's kept these kinds of materials from being a solution to industrial problems. Today, a lot of 3D printed parts are used to print molds, to print jigs, and then you'll do conventional manufacturing in those 3D printed molds. But it's difficult to print a rubber, to print a plastic, and have that go into an automobile, have that go into an oil well, have that go into a tennis shoe, have that go into a spaceship. And so, what we're looking at doing is solving that problem for a subset of materials. So today less than 29% of 3D printed parts are used for functional parts, and the market is just a fraction of what it could become. So what have we done over at Adaptive to print these tough, high quality rubbers and plastics? Well, we've focused on very scalable solutions. So while we are synthetic, organic chemists at root, we've tried to limit the design and manufacture of brand new monomers. But we use things that we can source from large chemical manufacturers that can be scaled to meet a large market. We've developed a very nice patent portfolio. A lot of the research has been translated from research at the University of Texas at Dallas. But we've been able to build materials with incredible strain capacity, things that can stretch five times their original size and then snap back into shape. Or things today that have a toughness of 16 megajoules per meter cubed, and some experimental materials that are far greater than that. And I'll get more into those details in a little bit. We also tune a lot of the important properties for 3D printed parts. We've developed a new kind of 3D printer to make our polymers, following a process called SLA or stereo lithography. But we've used Texas Instruments DLP projectors. You might have seen the ads, it's the little mirrors, little girls with elephants running around. Maybe you've got home theater projectors. I don't know if this is a DLP projector, but it probably is. But what we can do is we can focus light. These mirrors will actuate at about 6,000 Hz, and so we can turn light on and off very controllably, very selectively, and we designed resins that can be selectively photopolymerized. And we can very rapidly print layer after layer, and print a whole layer at once at the resolution of SLA technology. So most of these mirrors are spaced out about 16 microns apart in one of the machines by the time you have your throw angle down onto a part. It's a little larger than that, so in x and y we've got feature sizes in the 20 to 75 micron range. And then in the z-axis we can make that as finely resolute as we'd like, or as large as we'd like.