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  • Over the past 35 years, China has attempted to keep its booming population in check by

  • instituting a one-child-per-family policy. And while more than three quarters of Chinese

  • citizens support the idea, China is looking to revamp the program into a two-child policy.

  • Many have argued that population control methods create more problems than they solve, and

  • in China's case, are set to cripple the economy. So we wanted to know, Is China's

  • One Child Policy a Failure?

  • Well, the policy was originally instated after China's population exploded in the 20th

  • century. From roughly 700 million residents in the 1960s, to more than a billion in the

  • 1980s, Chinese officials implemented the one-child plan to cut 300 million residents. In 2011,

  • the government claimed that the policy, and other birth control methods, have led to the

  • prevention of 400 million births. However, critics point out that the drop in births

  • is due to lower fertility rates, which are consistent with lower rates in countries without

  • such policies, like Thailand.

  • In fact, China's one-child policy isn't really true to its name. For starters, it

  • only affects about a third of China's population, making exceptions for ethnic minorities and

  • rural residents. It also often does not apply if a couple's first child is female. New

  • rules in 2013 also allowed parents without siblings to have up to two children.

  • But despite the limited enforcement, the one-child policy has led to severe imbalances in Chinese

  • society. Women are often pressured into having abortions if pregnant with a second child,

  • as the penalty ranges from a fine, to even losing your job. In 2013, China's Health

  • Ministry revealed that more than 300 million abortions had been performed to maintain the

  • one-child policy. Another major problem is that the system of fining violators means

  • that wealthy residents are able to have many children, while the impoverished are penalized.

  • Perhaps the worst side effect of the policy has been referred to as the "Missing Women"

  • problem. Because having male children is preferred in Chinese society,female children are sometimes

  • killed, aborted, or given up for adoption in an effort to "try again" for a boy.

  • This phenomenon was calculated in 1990 to be responsible for at least 50 million "missing

  • women" in China,and as well as a 100 million worldwide

  • The policy also creates an extremely difficult situation for parents and their children,

  • known as the "4-2-1 problem". Chinese society stresses that children are to take

  • care of their aging relatives. But with the one-child policy, a single person ends up

  • responsible for both parents, and all four grandparents, creating tremendous strain,

  • with no siblings to help. The shrunken youth demographic, comprised overwhelmingly of males,

  • is also poised to severely diminish the economy as larger, older generations retire. Although

  • the elderly only comprise about 12% of the population, by 2050 they are expected to represent

  • a full third.

  • China's one-child policy, like many government sanctioned forms of population control, has

  • led to severe negative effects, and even human rights abuses. So with 1.3 billion people,

  • representing the most populated country on earth, is it safe to say that the one-child

  • policy is a failure? Obviously, yes.

  • But besides the one-child policy, there are many aspects of Chinese culture that are massively

  • misunderstood. To learn about some of those misunderstandings, check out this video by

  • Seeker Daily. If you're interested in how other countries have tried to control their

  • populations, watch this video about Iran's family planning laws. Thanks for watching

  • Test Tube! Don't forget to like and subscribe. We'll see you next time!

Over the past 35 years, China has attempted to keep its booming population in check by

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中国の一人っ子政策が失敗した理由 (Why China's One-Child Policy Failed)

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    鄭祐晨 に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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