Name: 10ドルの最低賃金は貧困からすべての働くアメリカ人を得るのだろうか？ (Will $10 Minimum Wage Get All Working Americans Out of Poverty?)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T05:43:34.000Z
Duration: 11 min 32 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

JESSICA DESVARIEUX: Last week, President Obama kept his word and signed an executive order

raising the minimum wage for new federal contracts. The order requires contractors to pay employees

at least $10.10 an hour. At the signing, the president did not miss the opportunity to

BARACK OBAMA: There's a right now in front of both the House and the Senate that would

boost America's minimum wage to $10.10 an hour--just like I'm doing with this executive

action. It's easy to remember: 10-10--10-10. Let's get that done. Raise the federal minimum

wage to $10.10 wouldn't just raise wages for minimum-wage workers, its effect would lift

wages for about 28 million Americans. It would lift millions of Americans out of poverty

immediately. It would help millions more work their way out of poverty--without requiring

a single dollar in new taxes or spending.

DESVARIEUX: But in this picture-perfect moment, you can see in the background a group of low-wage

workers. One of them is Arthur Helms. As a Wendy's employee making about $9 an hour,

Arthur's been on the front lines fighting for a higher wage before it became a talking

point on Capitol Hill. He says this raise is a jump-start but not the finish line.

ARTHUR HELMS: Actually, I don't think $10 will get you out of poverty. I don't think

$12 will get you out of poverty. I mean, $15 can be a better start. You know. But the $10,

DESVARIEUX: A jump-start is how many in the wage movement are framing the news, especially

in light of major corporations, like the Gap, announcing that they will be raising their

But if you factor in the $8.7 billion in cuts to food stamps, would raising the minimum

wage to $10 an hour get a working parent out of poverty?

The Real News sat down and did the math with Cheria Cash. She's a 31-year-old single mother

who was hired full-time at McDonald's and on food stamps.

CHERIA CASH: I work at McDonald's in Pittsburg, P.A., and that's on the north side. And they

DESVARIEUX: Making $7.70 an hour, Cheria says that she usually only gets 30 hours of work

a week. That comes out to $231 of gross weekly income. After she pays Social Security, taxes,

and Medicare, she says that she only takes home $380 every two weeks, or about $820 a

month, if she works the full 52 weeks a year. She also has a teenage son and receives $326

Before she receives her earned income tax credit, her monthly income and food stamp

CASH: When you think about it, it's like, gosh, it costs more to get to work this week,

and I didn't even make that much. You know? Like, I spend my whole check to get back and

forth to work or to eat. You know? So it's not even about going out or anything like

that. It's just basically surviving, you know?

DESVARIEUX: Now let's see how she survives with earning $10.10 an hour. Her weekly gross

income would get boosted up to $303 a week. Her monthly income would jump to $1,076. With

the same food stamp benefits of $326 a month, and not including the couple of thousands

for earned income tax credit, Cheria would have $1,402 a month to live on.

Fortunately for Cheria, she is not one of the 850,000 households who will see an average

cut of about $90 a month to their benefits. That's according to the nonpartisan Congressional

Budget Office, since she does not receive heating assistance.

But after looking at both situations, we asked an economic analyst if Cheria has made it

DAVID COOPER: For a parent with one child, the federal poverty line is about $15,700.

So right now she's definitely below the poverty line. If the federal minimum wage went up

to $10.10, her income would go up significantly. Her pre-tax income annually would probably

be right around that $15,700 mark. So she'd probably be just above the poverty line or

DESVARIEUX: But though Cheria seems to squeak right above the poverty line, David Cooper

says that the federal poverty line is not the most accurate measure of the reality of

COOPER: The poverty line was developed in the late 1950s. And what they did at that

time is they basically said, well, what does it cost to buy sort of your basic essential

bundle of food? And people tend to spend about three times more than that in total on everything

else that they're buying. So we'll set the poverty line at basically three times the

cost of what it takes to buy food. Now this is food in the 1950s, and since then, you

know, the prices on things like health care and housing in particular have gone up a lot

faster than the price of food, but we've only adjusted the poverty line based on overall

inflation. So that means that today's poverty line is really not a very accurate measure

of what it actually takes for someone to live.

DESVARIEUX: To account for people's actual living costs, EPI devised a tool called the

Family Budget Calculator. We decided to try it out based on Cheria's family size and the

fact that she lives in the city of Pittsburg.

COOPER: For one parent and one child, we estimate it takes an annual income of about $48,000

to have a modest but secure standard of living. Right now she has an income of about $12,000-$13,000

DESVARIEUX: It's discrepancies like this one that have led to broad public support for

raising the minimum wage. According to a Quinnipiac poll last month, 71 percent of American voters

But Republicans are ready to fight back the $10 wage, especially considering the recent

report from the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office.

The report states that the $10 an hour wage hike would get 900,000 families out of poverty

and increase the incomes of 16.5 million low-wage workers in an average week.

But the wage hike could also cause the economy to lose half a million jobs.

DOUG ELMENDORF: The set of research studies in this area led us to conclude that an increase

in the minimum wage would probably have a small negative effect on employment, but there

was substantial uncertainty around that estimate, as we reported.

DESVARIEUX: The CBO's uncertainty is what Howard University economics professor William

Spriggs points to as one of the weaknesses of the report.

WILLIAM SPRIGGS: They cited many, many reviews of the literature on minimum wage, all of

which show either no loss of jobs, small gains in jobs, or very tiny losses of jobs. And

for them to have chosen a very sensitive reaction to the increase in the minimum wage just doesn't

line up with the studies that they cite. So I'm taking their 500,000 with a huge grain

of salt. For me, that's beyond the worst-case scenario. I would only give that a 2 percent

DESVARIEUX: Professor Spriggs says that raising the minimum wage would lift millions out of

poverty. But it wouldn't get all full-time workers out of poverty. Therefore, he says,

the minimum wage should really be pegged to productivity and start at $15 an hour.

SPRIGGS: We really need it to be $15. The reason we need it to be $15 is the bigger

picture here, is that wages for all workers have been stagnant if not falling back, even

for skilled workers and the most skilled workers.

So take electricians as an example. They don't face imports, 'cause if you're hiring an electrician,

you can't import one, and they rarely face competition from people who migrate to this

country. But even the top 10 percent, the very highest paid electricians, have seen

their wages go backwards this last decade.

So even skilled workers in the United States are seeing their wages slide backwards. They