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  • There are lots of different ways to cook an egg.

  • But what's the difference between the eggs you use to make your breakfast

  • and the eggs which make a chicken? To find the answer

  • we need to investigate the secrets life which start

  • with your genes.

  • All living things are made of cells, but to understand how to make a living thing

  • we need to look inside a cell.

  • So your body is made around 50 trillion cells. But in order to see

  • them we need to zoom in and study them on a microscopic scale.

  • So first of all, I need to take a swab of my own cheek cells

  • and then we're going to apply a blue dye

  • in order to see them. We've magnified this image by two hundred times

  • and if we look at this dark spot just here...

  • this is the nucleus of the cell, and this is what we can find something called chromosomes.

  • Chromosomes are made of DNA

  • which is divided into sections called genes.

  • These genes contain the instructions for living things

  • everything from making new cells to the colour of feathers.

  • To make an entire human

  • you need 23 pairs of chromosomes containing

  • 20 thousand genes written in the language of DNA.

  • Different animals have different numbers have chromosomes

  • where we had 23 pairs a chicken has 39 pairs.

  • But what have chromosomes got to do with your breakfast?

  • So to tell us a little bit more I'm here with Joel and we've picked up some eggs

  • from the supermarket

  • but Joel is there any chance of these eggs having a chicken inside them?

  • So it's very low chance these eggs will have chickens inside them because

  • the hens that laid these eggs

  • will not been kept with the cockrels. Okay then, so how can we go about proving that?

  • So the definitive test will be to crack the egg open and to

  • take a look inside. All right, let's crack it open. So what are we looking for here?

  • So we're looking for something called the 'blastodisc' which is the small white

  • spot that we can see on the surface of the egg.

  • And what exactly is that? So this is where we find

  • half of the chromosomes - half the genetic information -

  • from the hen. So how would a hen go about getting

  • a full set of chromosomes and all of that genetic information?

  • So a hen would need to mate with a cockrel

  • and the cockrel's sperm would fuse with the

  • genetic information from the hen to fertilise the egg

  • we then have two sets of chromosomes. And the blastodisc is the point at which that

  • fertilisation actually happens? Yeah, so this is where fertilisation would

  • happen and this is where

  • the embryo - the actual chicken - would start to develop from that point.

  • In humans this development of the embryo

  • is called pregnancy and it happens inside the womb

  • over nine months. But in chickens this gestation period

  • takes place inside the egg over just three weeks.

  • And finally after that time you get a new life.

  • To unlock more secrets a biology check out Nerys dissecting a brain.

  • Stay tuned to our YouTube channel because next week we'll be running a live

  • stream it directly from the hatchery.

  • So if you'd like to see the chicks hatch for yourself, click subscribe.

  • Thanks for watching.

There are lots of different ways to cook an egg.

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B1 中級

鶏肉の作り方|アットブリストル科学センター (How To Make A Chicken | At-Bristol Science Centre)

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    Vicky に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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