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Ben Franklin once said, “By failing to prepare, you are preparing to fail.”
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It’s vital that you prepare for each lab activity.
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Before you begin, determine the possible risks,
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wear the right PPE,
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and be aware of any protective measures and emergency responses
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that are pertinent for the chemicals that you’ll be working with.
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When diluting acids or bases, always add the acid or the base to the solvent, such as water...not
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the other way around.
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Pouring the solvent into an acid or base can cause a violent reaction and you may get burned.
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Never remove chemicals from the lab.
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Use a break resistant secondary container to transport chemicals between lab spaces.
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Chemicals must be handled safely in order to avoid skin, eye, or inhalation exposure.
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First, let’s talk about protecting your eyes.
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As we mentioned in our lesson about PPE, safety glasses with side shields offer some protection,
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but they won’t help you when working with a potential splash hazard.
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Splash goggles are more effective at protecting your eyes.
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Chemical splash goggles should be marked with the code Z 87.1.
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This code indicates compliance with American National Standards Institute.
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Prescription glasses don’t offer adequate eye protection.
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Wear safety glasses, goggles, or a full face shield over your prescription glasses.
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Corrosive chemicals will harm you if they splash or come into contact with your skin.
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A lab coat and gloves will help protect your skin to a degree.
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But a full-length chemical-resistant lab apron is the best choice when working with splash
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hazards.
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If you’re working with an especially corrosive chemical,
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use full arm-length rubber gloves instead of the typical nitrile gloves.
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Some chemicals in the lab can harm you without even touching you.
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That’s why it’s important to be aware of inhalation exposure.
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Never smell chemicals.
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Always work with toxic chemicals under a fume hood.
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And keep containers closed tightly if you’re not using them.
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If a large chemical spill occurs, evacuate, seal off the lab,
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and notify the authorities.
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Large spills can produce excessive vapors;
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they have to be cleaned by qualified personnel.
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Don’t re-enter the lab until your supervisor gives you the “all clear”.
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Flammable chemicals require special handling techniques.
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First, always know the flammability and explosive potential for each chemical you’re working
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with.
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Keep flammables away from all ignition sources, such as bunsen burners or hot plates.
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Store flammable chemicals in a dedicated and grounded storage cabinet.
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When you’re finished working in the lab,
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properly dispose of chemicals and waste according to federal, state, local, and institutional
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requirements.
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Use chemical-resistant plastic or metal containers for waste disposal.
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Solvents should NEVER be evaporated under a fume hood as a means of disposal.
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Check with your lab supervisor for the best way to evaporate solvents.
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Any materials used to clean up a chemical spill, such as paper towels,
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are also considered hazardous waste and must also be disposed of accordingly.
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Preparation is the key to handling chemicals safely in the lab.
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Know what you’re working with, how to handle it, and what to do in case of accidental exposure.
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In our next lesson, we’ll talk about a few other common lab hazards that you need to
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prepare for.