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  • There’s a whole lore about dreaming. In fact, Sigmund Freud wrote a book called The

  • Interpretation of Dreams which many people think is the foundation of psychoanalysis.

  • Well scientists now have looked at Freudian psychology and the brain using all these modern

  • techniques. And first of all we realize that perhaps Sigmund Freud wasn’t totally wrong.

  • There are many textbooks which simply dismiss Freudian psychology calling it nuts. That

  • is nothing but the sexual fantasies of a repressed Venetian scientist of the last century. But

  • now we realize there’s more to it. First of all the unconscious mind. We can actually

  • see the brain in motion and we realize that much of the activity is totally unconscious.

  • Just like what Freud predicted.

  • And Freud also said there is the ego, the id and the superego, that we are in a constant

  • battle with our desires and our conscious. And we see that now with brain scans. The

  • ego is basically your prefrontal cortex. That is who you are. When you wonder where am I

  • anyway. Well, youre right there. You are sitting right behind your forehead. And then

  • your desires. We see the pleasure center right there at the center of the brain. That is

  • the libido. We see where the pleasure center is located. And then your conscience is right

  • behind your eyes. The orbital frontal cortex right behind your eyes is where your conscience

  • is. And so we actually see that in motion.

  • If you were to see a chocolate cake you would see these three parts of the brain going zippity

  • back and forth like a ping pong ball because youre constantly debating the pleasure

  • of eating a chocolate cake versus how fat youre gonna become and all the sugar and

  • the calories that you don’t really need. So we see the beginnings of Freudian psychology

  • coming out of brain scans. And now dreams. Freud had a whole collection of interpretation

  • of dreams. Scientists have looked at and said, “Nonsense.” Now we understand the physiology

  • of the dreaming process. And we realize that it comes at the back of the brain, the very

  • primitive part of the brain and that certain parts of the brain are shut off when you dream.

  • First of all your prefrontal cortex is basically shut off, it’s quiet. Your orbital frontal

  • cortex that is your conscience is also shut off. But that part of the brain is your fact

  • checker. The part of the brain that said, “Hmmm, that’s not right. Something’s

  • wrongis right behind your eyes. That’s shut off.

  • What is active when you dream is your amygdala. Now what does your amygdala govern? Fear and

  • emotions. And so right then you know that when you dream the active part of the brain

  • is not the fact checker, not the rational brainit’s the emotional brain, the

  • fearful brain that is active when you dream. And then there’s some superstition called

  • lucid dreaming where you can actually control the direction of the dream. Well that superstition

  • last year became science fact. At the Max Planck Institute in Germany they were able

  • to show once and for all that lucid dreaming is testable, reproducibleit is real.

  • And here’s how they did it. They took a person who was about to go to sleep and told

  • them that when you dream clench your right fist and then clench your left fist. Now when

  • you dream you are paralyzed. You cannot move when you dream.

  • Otherwise we’d be able to carry out all sorts of horrible things and destroy ourselves.

  • So we are paralyzed when we dream. But when this person went into a dream state you can

  • clearly see that the brain initiated orders to clench your right fist and your left fist.

  • In other words, he was conscious while he was dreaming. There are many Buddhist texts,

  • many texts hundreds of years old that give you the outlines of how to control dreams.

  • Lucid dreaming. We now know that it’s not hogwash that you can actually do this. You

  • can actually direct the course of your dream. And then one day we may be able to brain scan

  • the brain as you dream and put it on a screen. In which case somebody will be able to see

  • you dream and know the direction of the dream and you are conscious of the process. In other

  • words, the movie Inception is not totally hogwash.

There’s a whole lore about dreaming. In fact, Sigmund Freud wrote a book called The

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夢の科学についての角道夫 (Michio Kaku on the Science of Dreams)

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    Leo に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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