Name: 銀行が魔法のようにお金を生み出す仕組み (How Banks Magically Create Money)
Uploaded: 2025-02-06T11:25:02.000Z
Duration: 9 min 44 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

Every hour of every day, this government facility in Washington DC turns paper into money.

毎日毎時、ワシントンDCにあるこの政府施設は、需要に対応するために紙をお金に変えている。これらの機械は24時間365日稼働しており、毎日5億ドル以上をアメリカ経済に送り出している。

分詞構句

In order to keep up with demand, these machines are running 24-7, pumping out more than 500 million dollars into the US economy every day.

程度の副詞

But this is only a tiny fraction of how much money is really made.

Most of our money exists digitally and this number currently goes up by more than four billion dollars every day. But where does all of this money come from?

Before it ever reached your bank account, it changed hands countless times, passing through people governments and businesses all after being simply typed into existence on a computer.

あなたの銀行口座に届く前に、お金は数え切れないほど何度も手を変え品を変え、人々や政府や企業を経由して、コンピュータに入力されただけで存在する。私たちは、お金が実際にどのように機能し、どのように国を動かしているのか、どのように物価を上昇させ、最終的にあなたに借金を負わせるのかを示すために、この全体をモデル化した。道具屋は農夫を信頼していたので、将来的な価値を約束することは、支払い方法として受け入れられるものだった、農夫は道具を買うと、正確な量の穀物を使ってすぐに代金を支払うことができるようになった。金や銀の

We modeled the entire thing to show you how money really works and how it drives the country Inflates prices and ultimately puts you in debt.

But in order to fully understand how we got to this point, we need to go back to a time before money.

If a farmer thousands of years ago needed a new tool, he'd go to the local toolmaker to buy one.

The farmer didn't have anything to give him in return, so instead, they both just agreed that he owed him something in the future.

Because the toolmaker trusted the farmer his promise of future value was an acceptable form of payment.

Sure enough, two weeks later, the farmer came back and gave him some food from his farm.

To make transactions easier, people started to pay using more commonly used items like cattle, grain and salt.

Everyone needed these things, but they were hard to come by and that's what made them valuable

The farmer could now buy a tool and pay for it right away using a precise amount of grain That seemed like a fair exchange

This made transactions quicker and both parties would leave with something valuable to them.

But eventually, the demand for trade was too much and paying with a random mix of bulky objects wasn't good enough.

People eventually settled on using metal coins like gold and silver since they were small, extremely valuable and would last forever, unlike cattle or grain.

Suddenly, trade around the world opened up and things were being bought and sold all the way from China to Europe.

But traveling with so much gold became heavy and dangerous

This was when the whole idea of money started to change.

In 17th century London, trusted goldsmiths started to take in people's gold coins, promising to look after them for a small fee. In return, they would give the customer a piece of paper a, promise note that allowed them to retrieve their gold at any time.

The key to this piece of paper was that the customer could go to any goldsmith in any town and claim back that exact Amount of gold

The paper itself had no intrinsic value, but it became as good as gold.

The notes were so convenient that people started simply Exchanging them to buy and sell things.

The goldsmiths realized that most people weren't actually coming to retrieve their gold, snd so they started loaning out fake promise notes to customers, instant money that had to be paid back with interest making the goldsmiths a small profit.

This was fake money that didn't actually come out of their gold supply.

If a goldsmith loaned out 100 coins, they wouldn't become 100 coins poorer.

They'd simply write the customer a fake note that was worth 100 coins which could be spent anywhere.

客に100コイン分の偽の紙幣を書くだけで、どこでも使えると？

Eventually, the customer would pay back the loan, plus the fee, making the goldsmith 105 coins richer

最終的に、顧客はローンと手数料を返済し、金細工師は105枚のコインを手にすることになる。つまり、人々が手にしているお金のほうが多いということだ。みんなが同時に紙幣を現金化しに来ない限り、存在するのだ。

This could be used against you for things like scams, identity theft, stalking and harassment.

このようなデータは、詐欺や個人情報窃盗、ストーカー、嫌がらせなどに悪用される可能性があり、その上、マーケティング会社があなたのデータを入手すると、終わりのないスパムメールを送りつけるようになる、また、あなたの大切な人を同じ問題から守るためのファミリープランも用意されています。17世紀の金細工師が偽札を配り始めたとき、それは経済に大きな影響を与えた。しかし、やがてお金の供給が不均等になり、参加できる人が少なくなる。貿易が鈍化し、生産性が低下する。このシステムが機能するのは、全員がまったく同じタイミングでまっ

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When the 17th-century goldsmith started handing out fake money, it had a profound effect on the economy.

Before, no new money could enter the system, and so the money that did exist was simply passed around in a cycle whenever a transaction was made.

But this system had a major flaw. Imagine a group of four people who have a total of one hundred dollars between them.

If person one pays person two for some food, it moves the money around, making it uneven.

Then person two pays person four for a service and the money moves again.

Note that every time money is passed around, value is made and productivity grows.

But eventually, the money supply becomes uneven and less people can participate, slowing down trade and reducing productivity.

This system only works if everyone pays each other the exact same amount at the exact same time.

Something that is impossible in the real world.

By adding more money into the system, it speeds up the economy, allowing businesses to grow, products to be made and ultimately, advances our civilization.

And so, a constant flow of new money is crucial in our current system. But how is this actually done?

We think of banks as places that store our money and keep it safe, ut that's not really what's going on.

私たちは銀行を、私たちのお金を安全に保管する場所だと考えています。しかし、銀行にお金を預けるとき、銀行があなたに借金をしているわけではありません、銀行が私たちにお金を貸すと、私たちは銀行に借金をすることになり、銀行にお金を返さなければならなくなる。

When you give a bank your money, they are in debt to you.

The numbers you see in your bank account aren't real wads of cash sitting in a vault. They are simply promise notes showing that the bank owes you money and that you can claim it back whenever you want.

A loan is the exact same but in the opposite direction.

When banks lend us money, we are in debt to them and we have to pay them back. This is where money really gets made.

Just like the goldsmiths. When a bank gives out a loan, they don't get poorer.

They simply type new money into your bank account. It's brand new money that didn't exist before.

しかし、そのローンであなたは新車を購入し、そのお金は最終的にディーラーの従業員に渡った。新しいお金がシステムに入らなければ、このような価値や生産性はすべて生まれなかっただろう。問題は、新しいお金を作っても生産性が上がるとは限らないということだ、そのため、銀行はお金を作る量を制限しなければならなくなった、政府はこのお金を使って企業や国民に給与を支払い、最終的には銀行に戻ってくる。問題なのは、アメリカ政府はほとんどの場合、稼いだお金よりも使ったお金の方が多いということだ。もし銀行が企業や教育、インフラ整備などおめでとう！ 次のビデオでは、このスペースシャトルのレゴセットを抽選で1名様にプレゼントします。以下のリンクからサインアップして、ビデオに「いいね！」を押して、お金のシステムのどの部分に一番ショックを受けたかコメントを残してください。 

The only difference is that when you pay it back, the money gets canceled out and the bank only keeps the interest.

But with that loan, you paid for a new car and that money eventually made its way to the employees of the dealership.

Then they spent that money and it continued to create hundreds of new transactions, powering businesses creating new technologies and providing us with food.

All of this value and productivity would never have happened if new money hadn't entered the system.

The problem is that productivity doesn't necessarily increase when we create new money and that can cause inflation.

If society starts producing fewer goods, but more money is added into the system, prices will go up since there is more competition for fewer goods.

Because of this, banks have to limit how much money they create.

In the past, they could only lend out a portion of the actual cash they had in their backup supply.

Nowadays, though, banks have almost complete freedom to create as much money as they like.

If they are running low on backup money, they can simply go to the central bank and ask for more money and that's where things get ridiculous.

To create new money, the government creates a bond which is essentially a loan that provides a steady income.

Banks, corporations and foreign countries buy these bonds from the US government and this influx of money goes toward the government's budget.

The government uses this money to pay companies and people and it eventually makes its way back to the banks

The problem is the US government almost always spends more money than it makes.

So it is constantly in debt to those that buy bonds.

In order to pay for that debt It uses the taxpayers' money.

Last year, the government spent almost seven trillion dollars, but your tax money wasn't enough to pay for this and so the government had to create new bonds to receive more money, putting it further in debt and the cycle continues.

As crazy as it sounds this system of adding more money through debt is how most of the world operates.

It isn't necessarily a bad system It's just not running anywhere near maximum efficiency.

If banks created money for more productive things like businesses, education and infrastructure, all of this money going into the system could give us higher returns in the long run.