Name: 英語学習シリーズ3 第5話「語彙の範囲 (Study English - Series 3, Episode 5: Vocabulary Range)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T05:15:19.000Z
Duration: 10 min 6 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

Hello, and welcome  to Study English, IELTS Preparation. I'm Margot Politis.

Today we'll look at some strategies for meeting the requirements of vocabulary, one of the

criteria used to assess IELTS candidates.

When writing, you can expand what you want to say by adding words that give more detail,

This is a good way of showing the extent of your vocabulary.

What can you say to make this sentence more specific and descriptive?

First, look at 'collection services'. Ask yourself who, what, why and where?

What sort of collection services reduce rubbish?

They could be 'weekly collection services' or 'better collection services'. You could

also say 'more frequent collection services':

More frequent collection services can reduce rubbish.

You can do more than just use words in front of 'collection services'. You can also add

Ask yourself the same sort of questions: 'what is collected, who is collecting it'?

More frequent collection services for recyclables can reduce rubbish.

You don't have to stop at just one phrase. You might also want to say who does the collecting.

More frequent collection services for recyclables by councils can reduce rubbish.

You can also add words to the verb in the sentence. We know more collection can reduce

More frequent collection services for recyclables by councils can substantially reduce rubbish.

Substantially is an adverb. It's one of the forms of the word substantial.

Other words that mean a large amount are vast, considerable and great.

Their adverbs are vastly, considerably and greatly.

Any of these words could be used instead of 'substantially'.

A good vocabulary is not simply the number of words you know. It's being able to use

For instance 'reduce' means to become smaller or to lessen. Listen to how it's used in this

In Asia the cost of re-doing roads is very high. We can address that issue and give them

a tightly bound surface, which will reduce the costs for the regional councils.

Will reduce the costs. Reduce - that's the base form of the verb. Reduce is a regular

verb with the forms reducing and reduced. He uses one of these here:

Here you have a car that is travelling along an untreated section of road and then hitting

a treated section of the road. You can see that the dust is reduced by a significant

Is reduced by a significant amount. That's a verb form. But what form of reduce would

Our product very effectively binds the soils and particles that make up the materials for

the roads. This means you can have a reduced cost in terms of the number of times that

road authorities have to maintain and repair that road over a long period of time.

A reduced cost. The -ed form can also be used as an adjective like this.

Reduce has a noun form. Listen: One of the problems of driving on an unsealed

road is the amount of dust that comes off the surface. With our treatment, we find there's

a dramatic reduction in that dust problem.

The noun is reduction. You'll find that -ion endings for nouns, -ly for adverbs and -ed

When you learn new words it is important that you know all their forms and practise using

them. It's a good strategy for building your vocabulary.

Another good strategy is to know which prepositions are normally used with particular words.

Let's look at the word 'reason', a word you're likely to use in an IELTS essay.

Listen to this woman talking about a famous road in Australia:

The Great Ocean road is probably the most spectacular coastal drive in the world. I

think the reason for that is that it's got such a variety of scenery from cool temperate

rainforests to the cliffs and rock stacks around the Twelve Apostles.

She says, "the reason for that is&hellip;". Reason can be followed by the preposition

'for'. You can say, reason for leaving &hellip; or reason for arguing &hellip;

Look at 'know' for instance. With the verb form 'know' we use the preposition 'about',

know about, like this woman when explaining why she makes a scrapbook of her life:

I'm creating something that gives me a chance to put something about who I am onto that

page. I often think when I'm working on a project, "What would my kids like to know

Know about me. But with the noun form 'knowledge', we use 'of', 'knowledge of'. Listen to this

man use 'knowledge of' to talk about an art collection that students are studying:

We have students from overseas in the course. They get to get this first-hand knowledge

of this terrific collection, but also they can take that back with them to the countries

You can add detail about who, what and where to sentences like this.

The colourful dragon is paraded. The colourful dragon is noisily paraded.

The colourful dragon with people inside it is noisily paraded.

The colourful dragon with people inside it is noisily paraded down the street.

To do this you need to know that the adjective of the word colour is colourful and the adverb

And you need to correctly use phrases such as 'with people inside it' and 'down the street'.

This is the kind of vocabulary the examiners are looking for.

You also need to be aware of the prepositions that go with certain words.

And you say that you have a reason for doing something: