Placeholder Image

字幕表 動画を再生する

  • Hello, and welcome to Study English, IELTS Preparation. I'm Margot Politis.

  • In the IELTS Reading Test you have to answer 40 questions in 60 minutes - almost 1 question

  • every minute. There are 3 separate pieces of writing of about 900 words each. There

  • is not enough time to read the texts closely so you need to develop the ability to find

  • information quickly.

  • This is a skill you'll use all the time in your studies.

  • Let's trace how you might find English language TV programs. Because they are on Australia

  • Network, you start at their homepage. You look around the page for the word 'English'.

  • There's Learning English - click on that. Now you have a number of choices - you can

  • either read the summaries as they flick past, or you can go to each program's site. Let's

  • go to Passport to English. What's it about? Here's the heading - About Passport to English,

  • so this is the paragraph to read. Notice that you only glance at the rest of the page when

  • you are looking for specific information in this way.

  • Moving your eyes quickly over a page like this is called scanning. The ability to do

  • this with a page of text is part of what's assessed in the Reading Test. Let's look at

  • a typical reading passage:

  • It's best to start by reading the title and sub-title of the text and look for any pictures

  • or italicised words. This will tell you what the text is about.

  • Childhood Obesity is the title and On Being Overweight and Obese is the subtitle.

  • What do you already know about the topic?

  • If you've been keeping up-to-date with current affairs you would have heard that some children

  • are putting on weight at an alarming rate and this is affecting their health. Parents

  • and health authorities are worried.

  • At this point you know what to expect - you have previewed the text.

  • So it's a good idea to keep up with the news because current issues are often topics for

  • the Reading Test.

  • The next thing you need to do is quickly look through the questions for the passage.

  • There are different kinds, but first we'll look at a multiple choice question.

  • According to information in the text, childhood obesity can cause:

  • A. early death in children based on a recent study.

  • B. breathing problems and diabetes later in life.

  • C. an impaired immune system The question says 'According to information

  • in the text'. This means you must scan the text to find out the correct answer. You can't

  • rely on your general knowledge.

  • The key words in the question are 'childhood obesity' and 'can cause'. The word 'cause'

  • alerts you that the text will be discussing effects of childhood obesity.

  • 'Can cause' means likely to happen, so you need to look for any effects mentioned in

  • the text as a possible result of childhood obesity

  • You need to look out for phrases that match what the question is asking such as 'results

  • in', 'shows that', 'causes' or 'leads to'.

  • Let's look at the question again:

  • According to information in the text, childhood obesity can cause:

  • A. early death in children based on a recent study.

  • B. breathing problems and diabetes later in life.

  • C. an impaired immune system

  • Let's look at the first option - A. early death in children based on a recent study.

  • The key words are 'early death', 'children' and 'recent study'.

  • Now you need to scan the text for these words or words with the same meaning.

  • Quickly scanning the first paragraph, you can see no relevant information - it's not

  • talking about effects.

  • The next paragraph is relevant - 'recent study', 'show that' and 'death'. Let's read the sentence.

  • "The findings from a recent study published in the Journal of International Studies on

  • Childhood Obesity show that the chances of premature death in adulthood are greatly increased

  • because of obesity during childhood."

  • Death in adulthood, not in children. So we can rule out A as the answer.

  • Let's check C - can obesity cause an impaired immune system?

  • There's nothing written about the immune system here - but there is a list of diseases and

  • the phrase you're looking for - 'results in'.

  • "Research has shown there is a strong link between childhood obesity and obesity in adulthood

  • that results in debilitating or life-threatening conditions. These include cardiovascular disease,

  • respiratory illnesses such as asthma or even type-2 diabetes."

  • So it says diabetes is an effect. What about breathing problems? 'Respiratory illnesses'

  • - they're breathing problems.

  • So 'B' is the correct answer. Questions in the Reading Test can be about

  • cause and effect relationships, so you must be able to quickly recognise the words that

  • are markers for this information and how the sentences are structured. Let's look closely

  • at the correct answer and the relevant sentence from the passage.

  • The answer is: Childhood obesity can cause breathing problems and diabetes later in life.

  • The words 'can cause' mark this as a cause/effect relationship. The cause is childhood obesity.

  • You can also see childhood obesity in the first sentence from the passage. Even though

  • it says 'childhood obesity and obesity in adulthood', it still includes childhood obesity

  • as a cause.

  • The important synonym for 'can cause' is 'results in'. Another phrase with this meaning that

  • could have been used here is 'leads to'.

  • So we have the cause - childhood obesity and the cause marker - 'leads to' or 'results

  • in'. Where's the effect? In the answer the effect is 'breathing problems and diabetes'.

  • Again you need to look for synonyms. There's a list of effects - cardiovascular disease,

  • respiratory illnesses such as asthma and type-2 diabetes.

  • Diabetes is a clear match and, as we said earlier, respiratory illnesses includes breathing

  • problems.

  • It doesn't matter that the text includes other effects as long as the two in the answer are

  • included.

  • Let's look at another type of question.

  • There is a short answer question that requires you to answer using no more than 3 words.

  • Let's try one.

  • Based on recent findings, what can greatly increase as a result of obesity in early childhood?

  • The 2 or 3 word answer is in the text. The key words that would help you locate it are

  • 'recent findings', 'greatly increase', 'as a result of' and 'early childhood'.

  • We've already skimmed the text, so we know that we won't find this answer in the first

  • paragraph.

  • So we check the last paragraph again - there - findings from a recent study. The sentence

  • reads:

  • "The findings from a recent study published in the Journal of International Studies on

  • Childhood Obesity show that the chances of premature death in adulthood are greatly increased

  • because of obesity during childhood."

  • The question is:

  • Based on recent findings, what can greatly increase as a result of obesity in early childhood?

  • The answer is premature death.

  • Remember that you can't answer with any more than 3 words, so you can't write for instance

  • 'chances of premature death', even though this is true.

  • For the Reading Section of the IELTS Test you need to practise skills and question types.

  • There will not be enough time to read all the passages carefully, so you need to develop

  • the skill of scanning for key phrases.

  • But when you go to our website, take the time to read carefully and you should find yourself

  • better prepared for the challenge of the IELTS Test. The address is: australianetwork.com/studyenglish.

  • Good luck with your studies.

  • See you next time.

Hello, and welcome to Study English, IELTS Preparation. I'm Margot Politis.

字幕と単語

ワンタップで英和辞典検索 単語をクリックすると、意味が表示されます

B1 中級

勉強英語-シリーズ3 第13話「読解力と問題の種類 (Study English - Series 3, Episode 13: Reading Skills and Question Types)

  • 75 28
    thomas に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
動画の中の単語