Becausetherearequite a fewspeciesoflifeonthisplanet, andnamingthemcat, dangerouscat, andwatercatwouldn't reallybeallthathelpful, wealsogiveeveryspecies a uniqueandunambiguousscientificnameconsistingofthegenusandthespecies.
AstheribosomemovesalongthemRNAandattachesmoretRNA, whichhappens a couplethousandtimes, theaminoacidscombineinto a polypeptidechain, whichisjust a reallylongchainofaminoacidsthatcanbebunchedup, creased, smacked, andfoldedinto a protein.
Crossing a redand a whitesnapdragon, whereredisdominantandwhiteisrecessive, givesyou a pinkphenotype, whichissomewhereinbetween, a.k.a. intermediateinheritance.
赤と白のキンギョソウを交配すると、赤が優性、白が劣性で、その中間のピンク色の表現型が得られる。
Or, crossing a brownand a whitecow, wherebothcolorsaredominant, couldgiveyou a spottedcow, sobothphenotypesareexpressedequally, a.k.a. codominance.
Whenthere's a stimulus, signalingmoleculescalledneurotransmittersdockontoionchannelsontheaxonandopenthem, lettingionsflowandchangingtheelectricpotentialaroundthatarea.