TheEconomicPolicyInstituteestimatesthatjust a onepercentagepointdropinunemploymentleadstowagegrowthof 0.4 to 0.9 percentagepointsforworkersnearthemedianofthewagedistribution.
Decadesago, when I was a workerlivinginsortof a loweropportunityarea, I wouldmoveto a higherproductivitycitylikemaybe a SanFranciscoorNewYorkCityorLosAngeles.
Theexpansionoftradewithcountriesthathavemuchlowerwages, I thinkthatwasalwaysgoingtoprovidequite a bitofpressureonthe U.S. middleclassbecausesomuchofthattraderunsthroughlikethemanufacturingsector, whichiswhere a lotofmiddle-classjobshavebeen.
Between 1995 and 2013, tradewithlower-wagenationslikeMexicoandChinareducedwagesforworkerswithout a four-yeardegreebyroughly 5.6 percent, orabout $2,000 peryearforworkersatthemedianwage.
Theirunionizationrateshavefallen a bitsincethepeaks, butnowherelikethe U.S. fall.
労働組合の組織率はピーク時から少し低下していますが、米国のような落ち込みはありません。
Andthenifyoujustsortoflookatthefactsonthegroundoverthepast 30 to 40 yearsinthe U.S., there's justbeenclearlybeen a growingemployerhostilitytounionorganizingefforts.
Justthenumberofregisteredunfairlaborpracticesthatarefiringpeopletryingtoorganize a unionhaverisen a lot.
組合を組織しようとする人々を解雇するという不当労働行為の登録件数が大幅に増加しています。
Andonethingthat's happenedtoenablethatis, I mean, one, there's been a changeinmanagementnorms, I think, butalsolikeallofthepenaltiesfordoingthat, justlikethey'renotadjustedforinflationoften.
I'm nothopefulthatthepresidentialplatformsthemselveswillsolvethewoesofthemiddleclass, butnordo I thinkthefederalgovernmentisinthefrontseatonsolvingthemanyway.
I mean, hopefullythoseproblemswillbemademoretransparent.
つまり、うまくいけばそれらの問題がより透明になるでしょう。
We'llshine a lightonthem.
それらに光を当てることになるでしょう。
Andthenthrough a combinationoffederalaction, stateandlocalaction, thatwewillseesomeoftheseimprovementsthatweneedintermsoflessregulationandsometargetedsupportwhereitmakessensetohelpmiddleclassfamiliesthrive.