In this video, we'll look at the words PAL, POL, PAWL, POOL, and PULL. We'll help you pronounce these words easily and correctly, hear the difference between them, and understand these vowels and dark L sounds. So first of all, looking at the word PAL, we have the A vowel.

このビデオでは、PAL, POL, PAWL, POOL, PULL という単語を見ていきます。これらの単語を簡単かつ正しく発音し、単語間の違いを聞き取り、これらの母音と暗いL音を理解するお手伝いをします。まず、PALという単語を見てみましょう。

That's the most typical vowel that you'll hear for letter A in American English. It's not an

これはアメリカ英語のAを表す最も典型的な母音である。これは

AH vowel, so we don't have a word with AL that has the AH, no PAL in American English.

AHの母音を持つALを持つ単語はないので、アメリカ英語にはPALはない。

So this is a more forward vowel, PAL. What I like to do is pair another word to help you match the vowel. So it might be challenging because of that L. In PAL, you can think about the man's name Al, but for many people that's not very helpful. It might be easier to think about a word like that. So try that pal or cat pal, my cat pal, to keep that AH vowel the same.

ですから、これはより前方の母音、PALです。私は、母音を合わせるために別の単語を組み合わせるのが好きです。PALの場合、アルという男性の名前を思い浮かべることができますが、多くの人にとってそれはあまり役に立ちません。そのような単語を考える方が簡単かもしれません。そこで、AHの母音を同じにするために、that palやcat pal、my cat palを試してみてください。

Then when we go to POL, letter O in this word does say the O diphthong. Make sure you hold your O long enough. POL, POL. And what you'll notice is that in PAL, PAL, I don't really have to have much of a dark L in that word. It is a final L, it's probably dark, but I'm not doing a much schwa.

次にPOLに行くとき、この単語のOの字はOの二重母音を言う。Oを長く発音してください。POL、POL。そしてお気づきのように、PAL, PALでは暗いLはあまり必要ありません。最終的なLは暗いかもしれませんが、シュワはあまりありません。

I'm just going right from the AH to the O, PAL. But in POL, because I have the rounded vowel,

私はAHからO、PALに行くだけです。でも、POLの場合は、母音が丸いから、

I have my dark, my schwa positioned for my dark L. So that means the front of my tongue lifts and the back of my tongue stays down. Because I'm moving from that round O to the schwa,

つまり、舌の前が持ち上がり、舌の後ろは下がったままなんだ。丸いOからシュワに移るからだ、

OL, OL, it almost sounds like POL, POL. So there's a little glide of a W between my O and my schwa sound. POL. So using our matching, you can try something like a cold POL. I'll write POL this way because we also have the North Pole, which is a cold POL. This kind of POL is a survey.

OL、OL、それはほとんどPOL、POLのように聞こえる。だから、Oとシュワの音の間にWが少し滑るんだ。POL。ですから、私たちのマッチングを使って、冷たいPOLのようなものを試すことができます。北極もあるので、POLと書きますが、これは冷たいPOLです。このようなPOLは調査です。

Or no pole, being able to match that vowel. So we have that pal, no pole. Then for PAWL, this is a less commonly used word, but for many of you, the AWL words like tall, call, and pawl are more challenging. We have the AWL vowel. So trying just the first part of the word like PAW might help you get PAWL, PAWL. This PAWL is also the same as the man's name, PAWL.

あるいは、その母音にマッチするポールがない。つまり、no poleということです。PAWLについては、これはあまり使われない単語ですが、多くの人にとって、tall、call、pawlのようなAWL単語はより難しいものです。私たちにはAWLの母音があります。ですから、PAWのように単語の最初の部分だけを試してみると、PAWL, PAWLが得られるかもしれません。このPAWLは男性の名前PAWLと同じです。

So thinking about tall PAWL, or tall may also be challenging for you, so you can try something like um, an awesome PAWL, um, or saw the PAWL. Then when we move to POOL, again we have another rounded vowel, so our OO vowel. Letters OO often say the OO sound in English. Sometimes they say the UH sound, but just on a few words. In the word POOL, we have a true tense OO sound, and because again, we're going from that rounded POOL, we might think of it as having that W glide when we're moving from the OO to the schwa before the L, pool. Again, words like cool might also be, or school might be challenging for you still, so you can think of perhaps a new pool, or if new is hard for you, watch out that you don't want to say new with a glide, you just want again new, that OO vowel, or another OO word for pool, how about blue, blue might be easier, a blue pool. Then when we move to PULL, here's where we have our UH vowel, that's in words like push and could, so you can remember push and pull, or could pull, the spelling of the UH vowel is often letter U or letters OU, and it's a rounded vowel too, pull, pull, but it's higher and less tense than the OO, so I don't have so much of a glide W sound, just pull, not pool, no W gliding there. Okay, so quite a few different words, quite a bit of challenge here with these different vowel sounds and combining them with that dark L. I do have some other videos talking more about how to do that dark L, and of course how to do these different vowel sounds, but using the matching for with a word that has the vowel that's easier for you to say is a great way to be able to make these contrasts and be able to say these words. You can find out more about all of these vowel sounds and all of the consonant sounds in our Sounds of English course on speechmodification.com. If you have a suggestion you'd like to see me cover in our Word of the

だから、tall PAWL、つまり背の高いPAWLを考えることは、あなたにとって挑戦的なことかもしれません。次にPOOLに移ると、また別の丸みを帯びた母音、OO母音があります。OOという文字は、英語ではOOという音をよく言います。時にはUHの音も出ますが、一部の単語だけです。POOLという単語では、真の時制のOOの音を持っています。また、丸みを帯びたPOOLから、OOからpoolというLの前のシュワに移るときに、Wの滑りがあると考えることができます。また、coolのような単語も、あるいはschoolのよう

Day series, feel free to leave that in the comments for this video or any of my videos.

日間シリーズをご覧の方は、このビデオや私のビデオのコメント欄にその旨ご記入ください。

You can also attend our Friday live question and answer classes, those are at 12 noon on Fridays,

また、金曜日のライブ質疑応答クラスに参加することもできる、

Seattle time, three o'clock Eastern time, and you put your questions in the chat, I'll answer them for you live, and we can talk about words that you'd like help pronouncing, sounds, American accent, and more. I hope to see you there. I'm Christine Dunbar from speechmodification.com.

シアトル時間、東部時間3時、チャットに質問を書き込んでいただければ、私がライブでお答えします。発音や音、アメリカンアクセントなど、助けてほしい単語についてお話ししましょう。そこでお会いできることを楽しみにしています。Speechmodification.comのクリスティン・ダンバーです。

Remember, if you want to sound like a native speaker, you can do it. Speechmodification.com.

ネイティブ・スピーカーのように話したいなら、それができることを覚えておいてください。スピーチモディフィケーション．

Bye everyone, hope to see you again soon.

皆さん、またお会いしましょう。