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Inside all of us lurks a serial killer, a killer whose primary function is to kill
and then kill again. These are cytotoxic T cells a specialised member of our
white blood cells. They patrol our bodies identifying and destroying virally
infected and cancer cells and they do so with remarkable precision and efficiency.
There are about five million T Cells and a teaspoon of our blood engaged in the
ferocious and unrelenting battle to keep us healthy.
These amorphous blobs move around quite rapidly pushing out there leading
edge and probing their environment as they go.
When a cytotoxic T cell finds a cancer cell, membrane protrusions rapidly
explore the surface of the cell,
checking for the tell-tale signs of cancer. They kill their targets using
poisonous proteins visible here in red
these cytotoxic granules move down special pathways in the cell
called microtubules to the interface between the T Cell in the cancer cell.
The T cell punctures the surface of the cancer cell and delivers its deadly
cytotoxins. This is very important in our bodies where cells are packed together
as it focuses the lethal hit on the target and minimizes collateral damage
to the neighbouring healthy cells.
The fate of the cancer cell is sealed. The T cell then moves on hungry to find
another victim.