This is News Review from BBC Learning English.

I'm Neil. And I'm Beth.

Make sure you watch to the end to learn vocabulary

to talk about this story.

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Now, the story.

Donald Trump has become

the first ex-US president to be arrested

and charged with criminal offences.

He's accused of business fraud connected to money paid to an adult film actress

shortly before he won the presidential election in 2016.

The case comes as he campaigns to be president again

in the 2024 election.

Trump pleaded not guilty when he appeared in court on Tuesday.

You've been looking at the headlines, Beth.

What's the vocabulary?

We have 'mugshot', 'unfolded'

and 'rails against'. This is News Review from

BBC Learning English.

Let's have a look at our first headline.

This is from The Telegraph.

Donald Trump campaign releases mugshot t-shirt.

So, Donald Trump's campaign team have released a mugshot t-shirt.

'Mugshot' is a word

we've heard and seen a lot of in the last few days.

Is it connected to this mug?

Well, that is a mug Neil,

but the 'mug' in mugshot is actually a different word.

It means 'face'. Now,

the second part of that word is 'shot' and 'shot' is another word for 'photo'.

OK, so, simple then -

a mugshot is a photo of someone's face,

or is there more to it? There is more.

So, a mugshot is a particular photo that the police take

when somebody is arrested.

We should say that Trump didn't actually have a mugshot taken,

but t-shirts with a mugshot of him have appeared anyway.

  One last important point.

We've said the word 'mug' means 'face', so, can I say

'she has such a pretty mug'? No. 'mug' does mean 'face',

but it's only used in a negative way

and it's actually quite often used with the adjective

'ugly' - an ugly mug.

OK, so be careful with that.

Let's look at that again.

Let's look at our next headline.

This is from The Times of India. Surrender, arrest and then a rally:

How the day unfolded for former US president Donald Trump.

So, this headline describes the events

of the day when Donald Trump was arrested.

The word we're looking at is 'unfolded'.

Can you tell us about it, Beth?

Yeah. Well, let me demonstrate the literal meaning of 'unfolded'.

This is my script.

It's folded

so I can't read it.

I can't see what's inside.

I don't know the detail.

But, if I unfold it,

then I can see what it says.

Now, that's literal but, in the headline, it's metaphorical.

It is metaphorical in the headline,

but the meaning is the same as in your literal example.

So, we can say that events unfolded.

It means we didn't know what would happen at first,

but as the day developed, things became clearer.

Yes. And as you said, we often use unfolded, with 'events' and 'story'.

Neil, have you seen the TV

series, The Crown?

I have seen it, yes. I thought it was a bit boring

at first, but as the story unfolded,

things became clearer.

I really started enjoying it.

Let's look at that again.

Let's look at our next headline.

This is from The Hill.

Trump rails against charges in post-arraignment speech at Mar-a-Lago.

So, this headline is about the speech that Donald Trump made

after his arraignment. Now, 'arraignment' is a legal word that

describes the process of being arrested,

charged, appearing in court and pleading guilty or not guilty.

But, the vocabulary

we're looking at is 'rails against'. There is a familiar looking

and sounding word in there - 'rails'.

But, this is not about trains, is it?

No, it's not. So, if you 'rail against'

something, then you complain about it very angrily

and this is not just the anger that you feel if the bus is late.

It's real anger.

Yeah. That's right. Well, you might rail against the bus company

if it's late every day and it makes you late for work every day

and you get in trouble because of it.

You would feel very angry and have a kind of long complaint and

that's what it means to 'rail against' something.

Yeah, and take note, because we can also

say 'rail at'. So, 'rail at' or 'rail against'

something. And a similar word is 'rant'. Now, again,

that means to talk or shout angrily about

something you really dislike. OK, let's look at that again.

We've had 'mugshot' - photo

of a person's face taken by the police when they're arrested.

'unfolded' - became clear as it developed.

And 'rails against' - complains angrily.

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