A lotoftheresearchthat I hadreadupuntilthispointaboutdecisionmakingbrainhadbeenfocusedongutdecisions, umblinkdecisionsinthe, inthekindofMalcolmGladwellphrase, thekindoffastsystem, onebraindecisions.
Um, theyrequiretimeandmeditationandWhen I stumbledacrossthisprosandconslistfromDarwin, I wasinthemiddleofmyownkindofequivalentdecisionoftryingtodecidewhetherweshouldmoveaftermanyyears, 20 yearslivinginNewYorkCity.
I as a kindofmidlifecrisisdecidedthat I mustliveinCaliforniainthinkingaboutthatchoiceandthinkingaboutallthedifferentlevelsofexperienceandkindofscalesofexperiencethatareimplicatedin a decisionlikethatbecauseyouthinkaboutmoving, sayfromthecitytothesuburbs, youthinkaboutallthedifferentvaluesthatareatstakeand a choicelikethat, right?
Doyouwanttolivein a sidewalkcentriccultureor a carcentricculture, there's, youknow, theschoolsthatyourkidsaremovingtomovinginto, there's therealestatevaluesareallthese, there's economicsareallimplicatedin a choicelikethat.
There's a greatquotefromthenobellaureate, thomasSchellingthatgetstothis, whichisonething a personcannotdo, nomatterhowrigoroushisanalysisorheroichisimaginationistodrawup a listofthingsthatwouldneveroccurtohim.
Sometimesthosephasesareknownas a divergentandthenconvergentphasewhereyou'retryingtocomeupwithlotsofalternatives, lotsofdifferentfactors, nottryandnarrowdownto a finechoiceandthenyoueventuallygetto a stagewhereyoufinallymakethedecision.
Andwhathefoundwasthatuhmostpeoplemakingdecisionsdidnothave a phaseinthekindofmappingphase, intheearlystageofthedecisionwheretheyactivelysoughtoutotheralternatives.
Whatnotfoundwasthattherewas a smallsubsetofdecisionsmadebyfolkswhotooktimeatthebeginningtoexploreotheralternativesandtothinkaboutwhethertherewasn't anotherpathonthetablepotentiallythattheycouldtheycouldexplore.
Andfolkswhotookthatextrastepbasicallytookwhatnotdescribedas a whetherornotdecisionandturneditinto a whichonedecision, thosedecisionsweremuchmorelikelytoendupsuccessful.
そして、そのような余分なステップを踏んだ人たちは、基本的に、whether or notの決定と表現されないものを、which oneの決定に変えて、その決定ははるかに成功に終わる可能性が高かったのです。
Sothatearlymappingstage, in a sense, create a listofthingsthatwouldneveroccurtoyou.
Ifyouthinkofallthethingsingradeschoolandhighschoolandcollegethatyoulearnthatyouneveruseagainafteryoutakethatfinalexamdecisionmaking, complexdecisionmakingis a skillthateveryonehas a needfor.
Itwouldbeanincrediblemixofdifferentperspectives, butitwouldallbeintheserviceof a skillthateveryonewoulduseonewayoranotherintheirlives, personalandpublic.