Name: Rorschach and Freudians: Crash Course Psychology #21
Uploaded: 2022-02-18T06:53:34.000Z
Duration: 12 min 24 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

He believed that your answers, what you saw in the ink, said something about your personality.

Rorschach was a Swiss psychoanalyst who, in his youth, was fascinated

by the childhood game of making pictures out of inkblots called klecksography

As an adult, Rorschach was intrigued with Carl Jung's use of word association

in attempts to access patients' unconscious minds.

Jung would ask patients to say the first thing that came to mind

"Why not do the same thing with amorphous blobs?"

So he'd show a patient a series of ink blots and record what they saw

to determine how people "projected" their personal associations onto random shapes.

Assuming there are important differences between those who saw

dancing bunnies versus those who saw severed, screaming heads,

he drew conclusions about a patient's personality.

Some clinicians still do think that Rorschach test can be a helpful diagnostic tool

But others remain critical of the test, calling them unscientific and unreliable.

It's even been called "the Dracula of psychological tests"

because no one has been able to drive a stake through its heart yet.

So I guess this is that part when I apologize for the set design.

But love it or hate it, the Rorschach test is one of the many methods

psychologists have used in an ongoing quest to understand personality.

And of all of the concepts we cover in this course, personality is one of the most complex,

This is where we bring in the household names.

as well as other influential thinkers like Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers.

It's where some of the most familiar concepts in early psychology come into play,

ones that people with even passing knowledge of the field have heard of:

the ego, the Oedipus complex, penis envy, inferiority complexes, even the idea of self-help itself.

Whether you've heard of these as hard facts or simply as historical curiosities,

these notions represent the starting points for some of the biggest and most compelling questions in the field.

But they all come back to the same question:

We always gotta start out with defining things. Personality. You think you know what that means,

but we're gonna define it as your distinctive and enduring characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving.

And psychologists typically study personality in two broad ways:

1. By trying to understand differences in specific characteristics,

like introvertedness versus extrovertedness.

And 2. By looking at how all the various parts of each person mesh together as a whole.

Basically, what are our characteristics and how do they combine to make me me and you you?

As you might expect, there are a number of competing perspectives on personality theory.

The first, and one of the most influential has been the psychoanalytic perspective,

first championed by our coke-loving, cigar-chewing friend, Sigmund Freud.

It was through his clinical observation of patients that

Freud came to theorize the existence of the unconscious.

For Freud, the unconscious represented a vast reservoir

of often unacceptable and frequently hard-to-tolerate thoughts, feelings, desires, and memories.

Usually involving a lots of weird sex stuff.

that the Freudian unconscious is a different thing

from the contemporary idea of non-conscious information processing

when we're, like, processing information that we don't know we're processing.

Freud's thing is, you know, a lot more titillating,

but, the non-conscious is like empirically validated a real thing that we study now.

Anyway, Freud believed that our personalities are largely shaped by the enduring conflict

between our impulses to do whatever we feel like, and our restraint to control those urges

between our pleasure-seeking aggressive urges and our inner social control over them.

He theorized our minds as being divided into three interacting parts—

that provide the battleground for this internal conflict that shaped our personalities.

You can think of the classic Freudian mind like this iceberg.

It's mostly hidden, and that big underwater chunk is your id:

your unconscious, primitive, and instinctive self.

Freud thought the id was all about sex and agression,

the so-called pleasure principle of immediate gratification.

That's in part why babies freak out when they don't get a snack like "Right now!",

instead of just taking a deep breath for a second.

For that matter, a lot of the off-the-wall celebrities and dictators are big ids.

The id's like a honey badger—they don't care.

Eventually kids develop the ego part of their personality,

that largely conscious component that's charged with dealing with reality.

The ego works on getting the id what it wants in a reasonable, timely, and realistic way

without, you know, getting arrested or beaten up.

The final aspect to form in Freud's personality trifecta is the superego,

the Jiminy Cricket of voice of our conscience that represents not just the real, but also the ideal.

As you can imagine, the superego and the id don't much like each other,

and it's up the the Referee Ego to sort everything out.

Freud believed that anxiety comes in part from the ego getting all stressed out about losing control

So he proposed that our egos use a series of indirect and unconscious defense mechanisms

字幕リスト動画再生

Rorschach and Freudians: Crash Course Psychology #21

perspective

anxiety

potential

eventually