and behaviours. Now, you might be thinking: don't  adjectives describe things? How can a noun  

describe somebody's personality? Well, these are  all nouns that indicate a personality trait or  

a certain quality that a person might have. A lot  of these can also be used to describe behaviours.  

For example, just because a person  was a coward on a specific occasion,  

it doesn't necessarily mean that they're a coward  all the time. It's usually clear from the context  

if we mean that a person is generally something  or is just behaving that way in that situation.  

I've tried to include positive, neutral  and negative ones, but to be honest,  

most of these are more on the negative side. There  are lots of positive adjectives, but I think that  

there are just generally more nouns to describe  people who are a pain in the neck, than there are  

to describe nice, pleasant people. (People are stupid.) Remember that if you're generally interested in  

improving your English vocabulary, you can sign  up for my free advanced English email lessons.  

I send them out every two weeks and you can  unsubscribe at any time. You'll find the link  

in the description. I also have a short course  on Udemy which covers 55 common mistakes made  

by English learners. If you would like to receive  my discount for that, you'll also find the link  

in the description. Okay, everybody, let's get  started. The first word is backseat driver.  

Backseat driver. A backseat driver is a passenger  in a car who gives unsolicited advice to the  

driver. "Unsolicited" is another good word. It means  not asked for. So the person is giving advice to  

the driver even though the driver has not asked  for it. And the person doesn't necessarily need  

to be in the backseat, but that's the word that we  use in this phrase. For example: I hate driving long  

distances with Kate because she can't stop herself  from being a backseat driver. Next we have bigot.  

Bigot. I know it looks like "bi-goht", but we  pronounce it "bigot". A bigot is a person who has  

very strong beliefs (especially on race, religion  or politics) and is intolerant of, or unwilling  

to listen to, other people's opinions. There's no  point having a discussion with Tim, because he's  

an opinionated bigot. The next word is blabbermouth.  I like the sound of this word. Blabbermouth.  

A blabbermouth is a person who often reveals  other people's secrets because they talk  

too much. Don't tell Julie anything that's  private. She's such a blabbermouth and the  

whole office would know all your secrets by the  end of the day. Now we have boaster and bragger.  

I've put these two together because they mean the  same thing. A boaster or a bragger is a person who  

talks very proudly and a lot about  their achievements or possessions.  

I won't be going on a second date  with him because he was such a boaster.  

Another word that means the same thing is  braggart. Braggart. This is somewhat old-fashioned.  

It's not very commonly used nowadays, but you'll  still sometimes see it in books and journalism.  

Some people were impressed by her alleged  achievements, but others thought her nothing more  

than a braggart. If something is alleged, it means  that it has not been proved. This word is bookworm.  

Bookworm. A bookworm is a  person who enjoys reading a lot.  

When Ethel... Okay, Ethel isn't technically a  person, but anyway... When Ethel was at school,  

she was a real bookworm, but now she much prefers outdoor activities.

Next we have bore.

Bore. A bore is a person who is boring,  usually because they talk too much about  

uninteresting things. I hope I don't have  to sit next to Uncle Dave at the wedding.  

He's such a bore. Next we have brat.  Brat. A brat is a badly behaved child,  

or somebody who behaves like a badly behaved  child. It's often preceded by the word "spoiled".  

"Spoiled" has a few meanings, but when we're  talking about children, we mean a child who  

behaves rudely because they are used to getting  what they want all the time. For example: She's  

30 years old, but she still behaves like a  spoiled brat when she doesn't get her way.

Next we have brown-nose and brown-noser. Both  of these mean the same thing. A brown-nose or  

a brown-noser is a person who tries to  make somebody in a position of authority  

like them, usually because they  want that person to approve of them,  

or because they want something. It's a person who  sucks up, in other words. These terms come from  

the idea that if you put your face too close  to somebody's backside, you will get a brown  

nose. I know, it's maybe not the nicest image in  the world, but that's where these terms come from.  

Our boss seems to like David, but everyone else just thinks he's a brown-noser.

This word is bully.

Bully. A bully is a person who deliberately hurts  or frightens somebody who is weaker than them,  

often regularly over a period of time. We often use  it to talk about children at school, but adults can  

definitely be bullies as well. Our former manager  was a bully, which led to high staff turnover  

in our department. Staff turnover is the rate at  which employees leave a workplace and are replaced.  

So if staff turnover is high, it usually means  that people are frequently quitting or being fired.  

Now we have busybody. Busybody. A busybody  is a person who is too interested in  

other people's activities. A busybody is a nosy  person. Don't let her opinions on your life  

concern you. She's just an interfering busybody.  Next we have butterfingers. Butterfingers. It is  

singular, even though there is an S on the end.  A butterfingers is a person who often drops  

things that they are carrying or are trying  to catch. It's as if they have slippery butter  

on their fingers. If you're a butterfingers, you  shouldn't work as a waiter. This word is chatterbox.  

Chatterbox. A chatterbox is a person who  talks a lot. It's usually used for children.  

He's very shy at school, but at home he's a  real chatterbox. The next word is cheapskate.  

Cheapskate. A cheapskate is a person who  tries to spend as little money as possible. 

It's someone who's stingy. Frank is such a  cheapskate that he peels the bananas at the  

supermarket before buying them, because he doesn't want to pay for the skins.

Next we have conformist.

Conformist. A conformist is a person who  behaves or thinks like most other people  

and does not want to be different. It's usually  used negatively. Change and innovation rarely  

occur in this company because it's full of  conformists. Next we have copycat. Copycat.  

A copycat is a person who copies something or  several things that somebody else does. It's  

often used by children. "You're such a copycat."  Maggie's always wearing the same clothes as me -

she's such a copycat. The  next word is coward. Coward.  

I know we had this at the beginning of the  video, but I think that repetition is often good.  

A coward is a person who is not brave and tries  hard to avoid danger, pain or embarrassment. 

Henry gives the impression  of being tough and strong,  

but he's a real coward when it comes to having  difficult conversations. The next word is crybaby.  

Crybaby. A crybaby is a person, especially a child,  who cries or complains a lot for no good reason.  

As I said, it's usually used for children,  but sometimes we use it for adults.  

I'm sure the needle didn't hurt that much.  Don't be such a crybaby. This word is cynic.

Cynic. A cynic is a person who believes that people  always act selfishly and are not sincere. When  

you read the definition of this word, it probably  sounds very negative, but I'd say that most of us  

are cynics at least some of the time. For example:  I'd like to believe that her intentions are good,  

but I'm a cynic when it comes to  politicians. And now we have daredevil.  

Daredevil. A daredevil is a person who likes  doing dangerous things and taking risks.  

Evel Knievel, for example, was often referred to  as a daredevil. Terry was always a daredevil, so  

I wasn't surprised in the least when  he said that he'd gone bungee jumping.  

And now we have Debbie Downer. Debbie Downer. A  Debbie Downer is a negative or pessimistic person.  

I don't want to sound like a Debbie  Downer, but considering those clouds,  

I really think we should cancel the picnic.

And now: dreamer. Dreamer. A dreamer is a person who has ideas or plans

that most other people consider unrealistic. A lot of people said that she was just a dreamer,

but she managed to turn her ideas into  a successful business. The next one is eager beaver.

Eager beaver. An eager beaver is a person  who is overly keen or enthusiastic  

to do something, especially work. It's not  a VERY bad thing to say about somebody,  

but it's normally used a little disapprovingly.  He didn't want to get to work too early in case  

his new colleagues called him an eager beaver.  The next word is eavesdropper. Eavesdropper.  

An eavesdropper is a person who listens to  others' private conversations without them knowing.  

The verb is to eavesdrop. I never have private  conversations at my desk because my colleague  

is such an eavesdropper. And  the next word is flake. Flake.  

A flake is a person who isn't very reliable and  forgets things easily. I wouldn't entrust Kate  

with taking the money to the bank. She's a total  flake. Now, you probably know the verb to flirt. But  

did you know that it is also a noun? A flirt is a  person who likes to flirt a lot. It's hard to tell  

when Tim really likes someone because he's such  a big flirt. This word is freeloader. Freeloader.  

A freeloader is a person who often takes  things from other people (like food or  

accommodation) without giving anything in return.  It's similar to "cheapskate" and sometimes the  

words are used interchangeably, but a cheapskate  doesn't necessarily take things from other people.  

Cheapskates just don't like spending money. Felix  no longer lets his cousin stay at his house  

because she's such a freeloader.  The next word is geek. Geek.

This has two meanings. Firstly, a geek can be a  person who is intelligent, but isn't fashionable  

or popular, and often behaves awkwardly  in social situations. Secondly, it can mean  

a person who is very enthusiastic and  knows a lot about a particular subject. 

If you've seen The Big Bang Theory, all  of the main characters (except for Penny)  

are geeks... in both senses of the word. Some people  use it as an insult, but it can also be used in  

an affectionate way. By the way, a synonym is  "nerd". Geek and nerd, they mean the same thing.  

Everyone said that she was a real geek at high  school, but at university she was very popular.  

It can be handy if you have a friend who  is a computer geek. This word is glutton.  

Glutton. I know it might look like "glue-tohn", but the  pronunciation is "glutton". A glutton is a person who  

often eats and drinks too much. For  example: He's not usually a big eater,  

but he's a total glutton at  parties. The next word is go-getter.  

Go-getter. A go-getter is a person with a lot of  energy who is determined to succeed. We use this  

word positively. Our startup is looking to hire  go-getters who are well-organised and motivated.

Next we have gold digger. Gold digger.  Gold digger. A gold digger is a person  

who has a romantic relationship with a much  richer person in order to get money or gifts.  

Well-off people are sometimes hesitant to reveal  their wealth to potential partners because they  

don't want to attract gold diggers. "Well-off" is  just another word for rich. The next word is grouch.  

Grouch. A grouch is a person who complains  a lot, usually in a slightly angry way. 

If you've ever watched Sesame Street, you might  remember the character Oscar the Grouch. He's the  

green little character that lives in  a rubbish bin and is usually angry.  

That might help you remember the meaning. I'm  never traveling with Mary again. She was such  

a grouch the whole time. The next word is  very similar to grouch. This one is grump.  

Grump. A grump is a person who is often in  a bad mood. I know this might sound a little  

ageist, but we often use it to  describe an angry older person.  

Don't pay attention to my neighbour. He's  an old grump. And now we have homebody.  

Homebody. A homebody is a person who enjoys  spending lots of time at home. For example:  

I'm a homebody, so I don't like travelling for  long periods of time. The next word is idealist.  

Idealist. An idealist is a person who believes that  good things can be achieved in the world even if  

this seems unrealistic to others.  An idealist is similar to a dreamer,  

but an idealist tends to focus more on standards  and moral principles. The young politician has been  

accused of being an idealist with impractical  policy proposals. And this word is klutz.

Klutz. A klutz is a person who often drops  things, bumps into things, falls, etc. A klutz  

is a clumsy person. I'm a bit of a klutz which  is why I often have bruises on my arms and legs.  

I actually have one right now. It's fading a  little bit, but I think you can still see it...  

somewhere there. And I have no idea how I got  it. And now we have know-all and know-it-all.  

Both of these mean the same thing. A know-all or a know-it-all behaves like they know everything or  

much more than other people. My colleague is such  a know-all and is always trying to give me advice.  

This word is materialist. Materialist.  A materialist is a person who believes  

that having money and possessions  is the most important thing in life.  

I'm not surprised that she's often buying new cars - she's always been a materialist. Next we have nag.  

Nag. A nag is a person who continually  asks somebody to do something  

in an annoying way. People often call their  parents, their partners, or their flatmates nags.  

Frank, I don't want to be a nag, but I've  asked you five times to clean your room.

And now we have party pooper. Party pooper. A party  pooper is a person who spoils other people's  

fun, often because they don't want to  participate in a fun activity.  

Ethel, don't be such a party pooper and play one game of Monopoly with us.

Next we have phoney.

Phoney. A phoney is a person who is insincere or  claims to be something that they are not. For  

example: Simon claims to have a PhD in philosophy,  but I think he's a total phoney. This word is  

pushover. Pushover. A pushover is a person who is  easily persuaded to do what somebody else wants.  

I highly doubt Janet will agree to do your work  for you - she's no pushover. The next word is realist.  

Realist. A realist is a person who sees and  accepts what is real or possible in a situation.  

George would love to be an opera singer, but he's a  realist and he knows that it probably won't happen.

Next we have scatterbrain. Scatterbrain. A  scatterbrain is a person who easily loses  

or forgets things, or doesn't think about things  in an organised way. "Scatterbrain" is similar to