Name: The Critical Coronavirus-Busting Therapies, Explained | WSJ
Uploaded: 2021-05-30T08:34:58.000Z
Duration: 7 min 49 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

- [Narrator] Clinical trials for COVID-19 vaccines

But health experts say vaccines are just one piece

of a larger puzzle in fighting the deadly disease

The other big piece are effective treatments

- Not everybody mounts a good immune response,

in particular immunosuppress patients are well-known

and for those who don't make a good immune response.

- [Narrator] Right now, there are three main categories

of COVID-19 treatments: antibody therapies,

Antibody therapies leverage antibodies, like these,

To ward off infection, they attach to proteins

That prevents it from infiltrating cells.

They circulate in the yellowish liquid part of blood

- You can take that liquid and give it to a person

from a person who's made it to a person who's susceptible.

- [Narrator] When given to sick patients,

convalescent plasma can potentially boost

- We always pull it out during a pandemic.

We did this for 2009 H1N1, obviously for things such as

- [[Narrator] Because it's relatively easy to produce

experts think it could possibly be used both as a treatment

and as a preventative medicine against COVID-19.

passive transfer of that could provide not only protection

- [Narrator] Plasma is widely thought to be safe,

and in August the FDA authorized using it

to treat patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

But its effectiveness is still being studied.

- Convalescent plasma is a little bit of a,

We don't actually know the titers of the patients

who have survived and done well after COVID.

- [Narrator] Titers are a measurement of how many antibodies

Typically, the more antibodies a person has,

the better chance they have at fighting an infection.

This means that not all plasma is created equal.

The amount and quality of antibodies it contains can vary.

That impacts how effective the treatment can be.

- Getting with convalescent plasma right now

to build a more potent drug known as monoclonal antibodies.

They do this by homing in on specific antibodies

that do the best job in stopping the virus.

- We screen these huge panels of antibodies

through many in vitro assays to select the best antibiotics

that block the ability of the virus to get inside cells

and pack them into drugs that act as a targeted attack

- You're growing these cells in bioreactors,

and then as the cells grow, they are pumping out antibody.

You are concentrating that, and in purified form,

this is what you are administering to patients.

- [Narrator] Both Regeneron and competitor Eli Lilly

have been racing to bring monoclonal antibody drugs

The companies are testing drugs that contain one

and researchers say they could have benefits

- Monoclonal antibody preparations are consistent.

They are consistent from patient to patient.

and they are hopefully easier to use than plasma

- [Narrator] Each of the companies has released

encouraging data from early stage clinical trials

showing their drugs help reduce coronavirus levels

and improved symptoms in non-hospitalized patients.

But both drug makers had to pause their studies