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  • With the pandemic shifting many to remote work globally,

  • employees now spend more than

  • five billion minutes per month in virtual meetings.

  • In response to the rapid shift,

  • IBM's security teams took a closer look at the increased risk

  • of conducting sensitive meetings in virtual settings.

  • Working with its strategic partner, Cisco,

  • IBM tested the security of videoconferencing tools

  • used across the company.

  • What is a ghost you ask?

  • A ghost is a term that we're using

  • for a participant in the meeting

  • that no one else can see.

  • They don't show up in the participant list,

  • and they were never invited to the meeting.

  • So they can hear everyone.

  • They can speak.

  • They can often see shared media and screens.

  • In order to establish a proper connection,

  • an application and a server exchange messages

  • during the initial handshake process.

  • IBM Research found a way to manipulate the information

  • during the initial handshake process

  • to stay invisible on the participants list,

  • thus becoming a ghost.

  • During our investigation,

  • what we focused on was the communication pattern

  • between the application and the server side.

  • We are basically acting as a man-in-the-middle

  • between this communication and monitoring web traffic

  • and what protocol they are using.

  • So this type of analysis can be used for analyzing

  • any other kind of communication pattern.

  • Alternatively, researchers found the attacker

  • can also exploit common confusion.

  • If the meeting participants and hosts aren't paying attention

  • to the number of entry tones

  • signaling a new participant has joined the call,

  • the attacker can easily join in stealth mode unnoticed.

  • Participants may also simply chalk any additional entry tones

  • up to network issues,

  • allowing the ghost to continue undisturbed.

  • In the work from home environment,

  • we're all a little bit more distracted,

  • there are lots of things going on,

  • and you might not notice any of these additional cues.

  • So the more hectic work environment that we have now

  • makes us all much more susceptible

  • to these types of social engineering attacks.

  • Not only could an attacker join meetings undetected

  • or disappear while maintaining audio connectivity,

  • but they can also disregard the host's expel order

  • and continue in stealth mode.

  • The ghost could also exploit this when the host

  • holds several back-to-back meetings in the same meeting room.

  • They may appear to drop from a call

  • but can remain connected for subsequent calls

  • and steal valuable information.

  • This leads to the third vulnerability.

  • A ghost can gain access to information on meeting attendees

  • including full names, email addresses, IP addresses

  • straight from the meeting room lobby,

  • without ever being admitted to the call.

  • This valuable information can be used for a wide range of attacks

  • or even just data collecting on valuable attendees in the meeting.

  • So what can Webex users do?

  • So what a Webex user can do

  • is they can assess the confidentiality of the meeting.

  • Can they use a personal meeting room,

  • or should they use a unique ID for each new meeting?

  • There is a password and the meeting ID.

  • So if we use a unique meeting ID

  • and also password protect the meeting,

  • that also prevents the ghost from entering to the lobby.

  • While this vulnerability is now patched,

  • attackers are constantly looking for new ways

  • to exploit flaws in popular applications.

  • So there are always going to be new vulnerabilities.

  • So we try to be very proactive

  • and find them before the adversaries do.

  • We continue to look at our own existing applications

  • and services that we use

  • and do that in such a way that we can protect IBM and our clients.

With the pandemic shifting many to remote work globally,

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IBM Works with Cisco to Exorcise Ghosts from Webex Meetings

  • 13 1
    joey joey に公開 2021 年 05 月 09 日
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