Name: 古代バビロニアのビジネス・モーグルの一日 - ソラヤ・フィールド・フィオリオ (A day in the life of an ancient Babylonian business mogul - Soraya Field Fiorio)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T11:25:01.000Z
Duration: 4 min 47 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

As dawn breaks in the Babylonian city  of Sippar,

Beltani receives an urgent visit from her brother.

It's 1762 B.C.E.,  during the reign of King Hammurabi.

Beltani is a naditu— a priestess and businesswoman,

and gained her elevated naditu status  in a ceremony where a priest

examined the entrails  of a sacrificed animal for omens.

The naditu are an esteemed group drawn from Babylonia's most affluent families.

Though the rules are different for naditu in each city,

in Sippar they are celibate and never marry.

They live inside the gagum,  a walled area inside the temple complex,

but are free to come and go, and receive visitors.

Her brother manages these businesses while she fulfils her duties as a priestess.

This morning, he makes  a troubling accusation:

her tavern keeper has been diluting wine with water.

If true, this means she's been undermining the business Beltani relies on

But the consequences would be even higher for the tavern keeper:

the punishment of diluting wine is death by drowning.

The temple court is meeting this afternoon.

to find out whether there's any truth  to these allegations.

But she can't go to the tavern to investigate.

Taverns are off limits for priestesses, even priestesses who own them.

She could be burned to death for entering.

So she sends for the tavern keeper to meet her at the temple of Shamash,

The temple is a stepped pyramid  called a ziggurat,

in the heart of the city  and visible from twenty miles away.

It symbolically connects heaven and earth

and is viewed as the literal home of the god Shamash,

and is the judge  of the Babylonian pantheon.

Beltani leaves an offering of bread  and sesame oil in a private room.

She never enters the inner chamber  of the temple where the god lives,

a place so holy only high priestesses and kings visit.

Outside, worshippers play music  and leave gifts,

which are later collected and used to feed temple workers, including the naditu.

The tavern keeper is waiting with grim news.

She says Beltani's brother has been altering the weights

used to measure payments to cheat customers.

he falsely accused her of watering down the wine.

If true, Beltani's brother  is the dishonest one—

and altering weights is another crime  punishable by death.

Beltani is running out of time to get to the bottom of this.

she can check on the barley fields  her brother manages

In the granary, she sees much more grain  than he reported to her.

Beltani inherited the same portion  of her father's property as her brother.

These were rare circumstances for women in a time and place

Still, their families didn't always honor their rights.

Although naditu traditionally went  into business with male relatives,

the law stated they can choose someone else

if their brothers or uncles weren't up to the task.

With the evidence she needs,  she hurries to court.

A judge presides over the temple court along with two naditu—

Beltani asks to remove her brother  as her business manager,

citing the granary as evidence  that he is mismanaging her properties.

The scribe records the new contract  in cuneiform into a wet clay tablet,

She's protected her income  and spared her brother's life

by withholding the true extent  of his crimes.

Perhaps it is time to adopt a younger priestess:

someone to take care of her in old age and inherit her property,

who might do a better job of helping with her business.

字幕リスト動画再生

古代バビロニアのビジネス・モーグルの一日 - ソラヤ・フィールド・フィオリオ (A day in the life of an ancient Babylonian business mogul - Soraya Field Fiorio)

evidence

puberty

complex

extent