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  • Hello everyone, this is Andrew

  • from Crown Academy of English

  • and today we are going to do

  • a lesson on the prepositions of place.

  • So we're going to look at

  • when we use the word "in", "on"

  • and "at" when we are talking about places.

  • So let's get started.

  • So, we will look first at when to use the word "at"

  • and the first situation is when we want to talk about

  • a specific point or place.

  • For example - So here, we have some stairs,

  • and so we can say this is at the top of the stairs

  • and this is at the bottom of the stairs...okay?

  • Another example would be here. We would say the cat is at the window.

  • Ok? So again, window, this is a specific point or place.

  • Some other examples would be... we can say

  • "at the door" - so if somebody is at the door...

  • or "at the end of the street" for example... et cetera

  • So the first use is we can use the word "at"

  • for a specific point or place. Okay?

  • And we can also use the word "at" to talk about an exact address.

  • An exact address is when we know the name of the street

  • and also the number of the street.

  • For example: He lives at 55 Oxford Street.

  • So, we know the number of the street - 55,

  • and we know the name of the street - Oxford Street...

  • and so we use the word "at". He lives at 55 Oxford Street.

  • But, if we do not know the exact address.

  • If we do not know the number of the street, then we do not use the word "at"

  • Ok, so here, we do not know the number of the street,

  • so we do not say "at Oxford Street."

  • We must say: "He lives on Oxford Street"

  • Ok? He lives on Oxford Street...

  • and he lives at 55 Oxford Street. That is the exact address.

  • And another use of "at" is events.

  • For example, at a party,

  • at a conference. So this is a photograph of a conference.

  • So we can say this man, he is at a conference.

  • at a meeting, or at a concert.

  • Ok, so all of these are events.

  • And so, for an event, if you want... if somebody is going to an event,

  • we say they are at a party or they are at a concert.

  • And also, when we are discussing the building where

  • an event happens or an activity takes place, we also used the word "at".

  • So we can say "at the cinema"

  • So there's the cinema.

  • So we can say, for example "Andrew is at the cinema"

  • or "at the library",

  • "at the town hall",

  • "at the police station"... et cetera.

  • So these are buildings in which there is an event or activity,

  • and so we used the word "at".

  • Ok...and we also used the word "at" when somebody is at somebody's house.

  • So, for example, "He is at Andrew's house."

  • "She lives at her parents' house" ok?

  • So, when we are talking about somebody's house, we always use the word "at"

  • And, we also use the word "at" for a stop on a journey, like a break on a journey ok?

  • For example "We stopped at a nice village."

  • "The train to Manchester stops at Birmingham." ok.. "at Birmingham."

  • So this is the only time when we are talking about towns and cities...

  • this is the only time that we use the word "at" ok...

  • and we will see the other preposition that we use for towns and cities later in the lesson.

  • Ok, so this is the only time we use the word "at" for a city.

  • And finally for the word "at", we also have some expressions.

  • So there are no rules for these. You must just learn them ok?

  • So, "He is at school."

  • "at home"

  • "at university"

  • "at work"

  • "at reception"

  • "at church"... and there is obviously a photograph of the church.

  • And, if you notice, for all of these expressions, we do not use the word "the" ok?

  • So for example, we do not say "He is at the school."

  • Ok, so the general rule is that these are expressions,

  • and we do not use the word "the".

  • Ok, so for all of these expressions, we use the word "at" to describe where somebody is.

  • Now let's look at the word "on".

  • Well the main use is when something is on a surface.

  • So for example, "on the wall"

  • And this is an example here. For example, we can say there is some graffiti on the wall.

  • Or we could say there is a photograph on the wall

  • and we can also say "on the ceiling",

  • "on the floor",

  • "on a blackboard",

  • "on the table",

  • "on the page",

  • et cetera. So you can see all of these examples, they are all surfaces -

  • Either horizontal surfaces or vertical surfaces.

  • And we always used the word "on".

  • Okay and now let's look at number two.

  • So if something is attached to something else, we use the word "on".

  • So for example "She is wearing a ring on her finger."

  • So there we have a photograph. There is her finger.

  • There is... the ring. The ring is attached to her finger...

  • and so we say "She is wearing a ring on her finger."

  • And another example: "There are three apples on the tree."

  • So the apples are attached to the tree. So we use the word "on"

  • et cetera

  • We also used the word "on" when we are talking about something which is...

  • close to the coast, or a river, or a road.

  • So for example, "Brighton is a town on the south coast of England."

  • "London is on the River Thames."

  • So, for example, here is London. The city of London...

  • and London is next to a river called the River Thames.

  • But we do not say "next to the river"

  • We say "London is on the River Thames." because it is a river.

  • So a town is on a river... and that means it is next to the river.

  • And again we can say "He lives on Oxford Street."

  • Ok, and we saw this earlier in fact. So when we're talking about a road,

  • or a street, and we do not know the exact address,

  • we only know the person and the street name, then we use the word "on".

  • et cetera

  • And we also have some expressions for the word "on"

  • "on a farm"

  • "on the left" or "on the right"

  • And in a building which has several levels,

  • the levels are called floors.

  • And we use the word "on".

  • So we say ...Mark lives on the ground floor,

  • Sarah lives on the second ... on the first floor and David lives on the second floor.

  • "on the radio" - So for example, if there is a song on the radio.

  • "on television" For example, here we say there is a film on television.

  • And we also say "on a ship".

  • There are a few other expressions, but those are the most important ones.

  • And now, let's look at the word "in".

  • So "in" we use for an enclosed space or a large place which has boundaries around it.

  • Example: "in the bag",

  • "in the bedroom" - You can say "the bed is in the bedroom."

  • "in the forest" - So this forest is a place which has boundaries

  • So David is playing in the forest.

  • "in the garden",

  • "in the car park" - And so we can say, for example, this car is in the car park.

  • Ok, so we use the word "in". We do NOT say "at" the car park or "on" the car park.

  • We say "in" the car park.

  • "in the desert" ... et cetera

  • And this is a very important one. This is very common.

  • So we use the word "in" when we are talking about towns or cities.

  • So "He lives in Manchester." Ok?

  • We do NOT say "He lives at Manchester". We say "He lives in Manchester."

  • "Andrew is in the village."

  • "They are in London to visit Tower Bridge."

  • So here is Tower Bridge which is in London.

  • So this is very important. Towns or cities - we use the word "in".

  • et cetera.

  • And finally there are some expressions again for the word "in".

  • "in the newspaper" - So we say I read an article in the newspaper.

  • "in bed" - So the girl is in bed.

  • "in hospital",

  • "in prison",

  • "in the sky" - So the aeroplane is in the sky.

  • "in a photograph". There is a photograph of my parents. My parents are in the photograph.

  • And if we are talking about an armchair, we say that we "sit in an armchair."

  • But if it is a normal chair or a stool, we say we "sit on a chair" or we "sit on a stool."

  • So "in" is an exception for armchair.

  • Notice that some of these, we do not use the word "the".

  • So we say "in bed". We do not say "in the bed."

  • We do not say "in the hospital". We say, for example, "My father is ill. He is in hospital."

  • We do not say "He is in the hospital."

  • Again, since these are expressions, you must learn... there is no rule in fact. You must just learn them.

  • There is no choice!

  • And "in the water" or "in the sea"

  • So the children are playing in the water... in the sea. Ok?

  • So, that is it. That is the end of the lesson.

  • I hope you enjoyed it.

  • If you would like to subscribe, then you can click here on the screen.

  • Here is my Twitter account in the middle...

  • and at the bottom, here, this is another video which you might be interested in.

  • This one is a vocabulary lesson of items in the bedroom.

  • So again, you can click on the screen here if you would like to watch that video.

  • Okay thank you very much for watching.

  • My name is Andrew from Crown Academy of English.

  • Thanks for watching and I will see you very soon. Bye bye!

Hello everyone, this is Andrew

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A2 初級

場所の前置詞 - in, on, at|英文法 (Prepositions of place - in, on, at | English grammar)

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    Hhart Budha に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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