servants that were very badly treated who had a horrible time. But there were also servants

不当な扱いを受けることもありました 泣く者もいました

who had a wail of a time, who made the best friends of their lives in country houses,

螺旋状でくるくるし、長く、広く、 カントリーハウスのアーチ状の階段は

who recall cycling along corridors, long, huge, aching country house corridors. The

そこで一緒に働いた親友を思い出します

aristocracy in Britain mainly employed male chefs if they could. The thing about employing

英国の貴族は　男性の料理人を雇いました

a man was that they were quite expensive. If you couldn't afford a hundred pounds a

男性を雇うことは　高くつきます １年に何百万ポンドと余裕がなければ

year for an English man cook you would advertise for an English female professed cook, that

イギリス人の男性料理人を雇えませんでした そこで広告でイギリス人の女性を募集します

is to say a cook who has made cooking her profession, preferably one who has been trained

料理のプロであり　男性の下で働いた経歴のある 女性調理師をです

under a man cook. That cook would probably cost you around fifty to sixty pounds a year

およそ５０～６０ポンドが支払われます

and that's the bracket that Avis Crocombe fell into, she was a professed cook. Now that

エイヴィス・クロークンは適任で　調理師でした

that's stewed down nicely, as my apple was a little sweet I'm going to add some lemon

「さて　シチューがほどよくなりました りんごに甘味があるので　レモンを数滴加えます」

juice. When we study female servants we are really studying the history of women, and

私たちが　女性使用人たちを研究すると 女性の歴史がわかり

to me it is impossible to think about studying the history of women without looking in-depth

使用人たちの生活を掘り下げることなくして 女性の歴史は見えないと思いました

at servant life. Avis Crocombe and the other cooks like her who reached the pinnacle of

エイヴィス・クロークンと　彼女のような料理人は その時代　ありえない程の大出世

their profession in a time when it was unthinkable to get any further, are incredibly important

頂点に登りつめた人物たちなのです

figures to consider and to look at. They're people that fought the gender battle in their

それぞれの立場で　男女の差を乗り越えるべく 鍛錬し奮闘しました

own way. They didn't put on sashes and go out on the streets or throw themselves under

おしゃれすることもなく　道を歩き 馬車馬のように働き

horses, but in their own way they nevertheless fought for women to be recognised as professionals

女性たちが認められるように奮闘しました

doing a professional job in an incredibly male-dominated profession. If I say to you,

男性が支配する専門職で　独自のやり方を極めました

think of a chef, I suspect that in the back of your head you have a mental image of a

調理長というと　男性で頭に　白い帽子をつけ 白いユニフォームを着るイメージがあります

man in a toque and whites, and if I say to you think of a cook you will probably think

女性の料理人は、普通の服に　エプロンをつけます

of a woman in her normal clothes with an apron on top. The gender divisions in cookery still

調理場の男女の区別は　現在も存在します

exist today, very much so. Cookery is still seen, and still is, a very male-dominated

調理場は　今も見られるように　まさに 男性中心の専門職です

profession, and I would say we should celebrate women like Avis Crocombe who fought the fight,

エイヴィス・クロークンのように闘い抜き 頂点に登りつめた人は　称賛に価いします

who got to the top, who lived their own lives despite the fact they were women in an incredibly

家父長制度が支配する時代に生きた 女性たちが　独自のやり方で型を破る

patriarchal society. Go Avis!

行け、エイヴィス！