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  • Here's an idea.

  • Neon Genesis Evangelion demonstrates

  • the death of the author.

  • [MUSIC PLAYING]

  • For a lot of people, Neon Genesis Evangelion

  • is not an anime.

  • It is the anime.

  • Produced by famed animation studio

  • Gainax and the gray matter spawn of creator Hideaki Anno or Anno

  • Hideaki, NGE began as a TV series

  • airing over a five month period starting late 1995.

  • They follow several characters, most notably

  • Shinji Ikari, Rei Ayanami, and Asuka Langley Soryu as they

  • pilot massive, sort of but not really

  • robots in the defense of Earth against truly

  • terrifying eldritch abominations called Angels.

  • The arrangement of big robots versus giant monsters

  • makes NGE technically a part of the anime genre called Mecha.

  • So compare it to things like Macross, Gurren Lagann, and Big

  • O except then don't, because Evangelion is

  • sort of another thing entirely.

  • Where many Mecha animes are all gung ho, kill the bad guys,

  • good show, NGE is dark.

  • And it confronts the psychological pressure

  • that's heaped on people, teenagers

  • no less, who are tasked with saving the world.

  • Characters have nervous breakdowns and struggle

  • with depression and constructions of self.

  • They wonder whether or not free will is even a thing.

  • Everyone on the show has abandonment issues.

  • Neon Genesis Evangelion is psychological and intense,

  • philosophical and compelling, that is,

  • unless you ask the people who made it.

  • Anno has said, quote, "It is strange

  • that Evangelion is a hit.

  • Everyone in it is sick."

  • And as for the weird, amazing relationships

  • between the characters and how they progress,

  • he explained in an interview whatever

  • the story or development between the characters,

  • I did it without a plan.

  • Source is in the description.

  • Hideaki has harshly criticized fans

  • for searching out meaning where he claims there isn't any.

  • So as you might expect, there's a kind of love hate

  • relationship with this guy.

  • On the one hand, he's kind of a tyrant,

  • trolling, mocking, and challenging

  • the experiences of the very people

  • upon whom his success depends.

  • But on the other hand, he is the man

  • who brought one of the most beloved animes into existence.

  • For many NGE fans, he is a saint.

  • His vision is of utmost importance.

  • They know about his past and his battles with depression.

  • The characters allegedly incorporate

  • parts of Anno's own personality and that production

  • on Evangelion was always a little rocky.

  • He's talked about tight budgets, unbelievably short turnarounds,

  • and incredibly stressful production conditions,

  • conditions which led, however, to some conceptual,

  • adventurous, and most importantly

  • inexpensive episodes, and if you count

  • movies and director's cuts, several different series

  • endings as well.

  • Like a giant Mecha anime onion, Evangelion has some layers

  • to it.

  • We can't help but wonder, though,

  • which ones do you need in order to understand the show?

  • Sure, I mean, you can be a total fiend

  • and want to know everything about Anno and Evangelion

  • and anime and everything ever.

  • And that is fine.

  • But if we're talking about watching, understanding,

  • and enjoying NGE, which bits do we need?

  • Do we need to know that Evangelion is supposed

  • to be a comment on the over commercialization of anime

  • or that Anno thinks we're sort of dumb for buying, some of us

  • literally, into his quote unquote meaningless story?

  • French philosopher deconstructionist

  • and awesome hairdo haver Jacques Derrida

  • says no and furthermore might agree with Anno

  • that Evangelion is meaningless, just not in the way

  • that you think.

  • Derrida says that there is nothing outside the text.

  • He doesn't mean that when interpreting a work,

  • you shouldn't use information external to the work itself,

  • but that everything, every communication,

  • is in some way textual, that there's

  • nothing outside the text, because everything is the text.

  • Evangelion, text.

  • Anno's interview answers, text.

  • This YouTube video, text.

  • Now text is troubling because it doesn't really contain meaning.

  • It's just a bunch of little symbols and noises

  • that are stand ins for the actual ideas,

  • meaning that everything is at least a little ambiguous.

  • In other words, to communicate, you have to use representation.

  • You go through, quote, "a detour of signs".

  • Not a detour sign.

  • That would be weird.

  • Anything textual, so anything, is open to interpretation.

  • This kind of robs the author's interpretation

  • of its authority, doesn't it?

  • I mean, yes, Anno was there.

  • He saw Evangelion getting made.

  • He knows what happened.

  • But his actions during its creation,

  • his feelings about them, the way he describes them, the way we

  • read or hear them, are, to phrase it as Derrida

  • might, always already interpretation.

  • Hideaki's comments, then, are unimportant,

  • because their meaning is just as ambiguous as the thing

  • that they would disambiguate-- shed some light on.

  • But of course, because nothing is ever clear or easy,

  • this idea itself is bound up inside of another conundrum.

  • Is the role of the text, the artwork, the TV show,

  • the sonata, the painting of the monkey, or whatever,

  • to communicate the exact, precise thoughts

  • of the creator?

  • 500 years ago, the answer to that question

  • probably would have been well, yeah, duh-doy.

  • But nowadays, it's not so clear.

  • Mine and Derrida's main man Roland Barthes

  • wrote in "Death of the Author" that the modern writer is born

  • simultaneously with his text.

  • He is in no way supplied with a being which precedes

  • or transcends his writing.

  • He's in no way the subject of which

  • his book is the predicate.

  • There is no other time than that of the utterance.

  • And every text is eternally written here and now.

  • In other words, does the modern text

  • have to convey the exact meaning of the author?

  • Uh, no, Derriduh-doy.

  • Weirdly enough, Hideaki Anno agrees.

  • He said, don't expect to get answers by someone.

  • Don't expect to be catered to all the time.

  • We all have to find our own answers, which

  • is coincidentally exactly what we watch

  • Shinji, Rei, and Asuka do throughout the entirety

  • of Evangelion.

  • What do you guys think?

  • Is the input of the author important when

  • interpreting a work?

  • Let us know in the comments.

  • And I've been working on my Rei impression

  • to ask you guys to subscribe.

  • OK, ready?

  • Guess what?

  • We are not in a small office corner anymore.

  • We are at VidCon Let's see what you guys had

  • to say about Jurassic Park and capitalism.

  • Colpale says that Jurassic Park is not so much

  • a comment on capitalism as it is a comment

  • on unregulated capitalism and then

  • goes on to make the very hilarious and astute

  • observation that the Canadian Jurassic Park probably

  • would have went just fine.

  • I agree.

  • Pickystikman takes issue with our reading of Jurassic Park,

  • saying that we do not look at things objectively

  • and that you have to take into account the author's intentions

  • when you are interpreting something.

  • I wonder what Pickystikman thinks of that idea

  • after watching our Neon Genesis Evangelion episode.

  • Pickystikman, are you out there?

  • What do you think?

  • So turkishradish is concerned about having their comments

  • featured, wants maybe some advice

  • on how to make that happen.

  • So since we're at VidCon, we'll get some experts here.

  • First we have Nate from OK.

  • Nate?

  • Nate, what do you think?

  • Caps, caps, caps, caps, caps, caps, caps.

  • There you have it, caps, all caps, all the time.

  • And also Shannon Coffey from Coffey Chat.

  • Shannon, what do you think?

  • Romantic poetry, please.

  • There we go.

  • So some tips from pros, some pro tips on having your comments

  • featured, turkishradish.

  • Thank you, friends.

  • Do you like this?

  • Do you enjoy it?

  • Ah, yeah, it's pretty nice, actually.

  • You're so warm.

  • So generalkohn and Daniel MacLean

  • write some really interesting comments

  • about the state of science and how it conducts itself with

  • regards to, like, spirituality and danger.

  • I don't really know too much about the way science is

  • currently conducting itself.

  • But, um, I think I know someone who does.

  • Oh!

  • It's Joe Hanson from It's OK To Be Smart.

  • Yes, so science-- it turns out that most science--

  • it's not that scary stuff done by evil corporations.

  • NASA all the way down to the people

  • who do basic research for health and medicines.

  • This is mostly funded by the government,

  • nonprofit government.

  • Huh.

  • Interesting.

  • Yeah, you go back, Michael Crichton has a science problem.

  • He didn't believe in climate change.

  • Interesting.

  • You go back to Andromeda Strain, his first book,

  • all the way through Congo, he kinda

  • has a big, scary, science monster in the closet.

  • So then really, you could say that Jurassic Park is about

  • Michael Crichton's fear of science,

  • that science is going to--

  • Yeah, packed into a dinosaur shape.

  • Right, of course, yeah, with tiny arms, look out.

  • Always back to the tiny arms.

  • Always back to the tiny arms.

  • All right, cool.

  • Well, thanks, Joe.

  • Yeah, yeah, no problem.

  • Um, see ya later.

  • See ya later.

  • Guy Mika points us towards some really interesting theorists

  • and ideas related to Marxism socialism and the media,

  • most notably Noam Chomsky's idea of manufacturing consent, which

  • is about ways that media behave and report things

  • to sort of influence the way people think

  • and what they believe, so, like, directly related

  • to ideologies and other stuff that we mentioned.

  • So yeah, it's a really good, really insightful comment.

  • Clever girl.

  • So while here at VidCon, a wild Mitchell Davis appeared.

  • That's me.

  • So we thought we would talk to him

  • for a second about dinosaurs and global market capitalism.

  • Which make total sense to me.

  • You, yeah?

  • Oh yeah.

  • You're into it?

  • Yeah, I guess.

  • OK.

  • I mean, like, you're saying, you know,

  • you've got some dinosaurs that are just completely just taking

  • over.

  • Yeah

  • And then you've got other little guys who are like,

  • hey, give me a chance.

  • And then they get eaten.

  • And then they get eaten.

  • And, you know, you know what they say nowadays.

  • What do they say nowadays?

  • They say nowadays, if you don't do that, you're

  • going to get eaten.

  • So that makes sense.

  • Survival of the fittest?

  • No, no one says that.

  • You're gonna get eaten.

  • That's what they say.

  • They point just like, you're gonna get eaten.

  • Just like capitalism.

  • Yeah.

  • So our last episode, we talked a lot

  • about the allegorical connection between dinosaurs and capital.

  • But since we're at VidCon, and we're lucky enough

  • to get Emily from The Brain Scoop, um, which

  • if you don't watch Emily or The Brain Scoop,

  • you absolutely should, we thought

  • we would ask her about the more literal connection

  • between dinosaurs and capital.

  • So there are some bones that are worth, like, a lot of money.

  • Millions.

  • Millions of dollars.

  • Mmhmm.

  • So why-- why is that?

  • Well, I-- arguably, they're worth just as much

  • as, you know, precious and rare gems and minerals,

  • because they are so rare.

  • It's not every day that you find an entire, complete skeleton.

  • And more than that, fossils and complete fossils,

  • the more complete they are, the more scientifically relevant

  • they're going to be.

  • And the more we can learn from them,

  • the more we're able to learn about, you know,

  • dinosaur morphology.

  • And so from there, you can kind of

  • start to quantify the worth of something.

  • Uh-huh.

  • Do you know if there are, like, bidding wars on dinosaur bones?

  • Oh yeah.

  • Yeah?

  • They go to auction.

  • Whoa!

  • I mean, like, you'll have, like, you know,

  • a fancy diamond and a really expensive Louis

  • the fifth chair.

  • And then you're going to have a T. Rex.

  • Dino bones.

  • Yeah, dino bones.

  • With tiny arms.

  • Yeah.

  • Always back to the tiny arms.

  • Always.

  • Thanks again to all of our super secret

  • and sudden special comment guests.

  • If you want to see their awesome shows,

  • we'll put links in the descriptions.

  • This week's episode was brought to you

  • by the awesome work of these very clever girls.

  • And the tweet of the week comes from Yusuf,

  • who's one of many people to point us

  • towards the PixarTheory, which if you haven't seen it,

  • it's mind-blowing.

Here's an idea.

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ヱヴァンゲリヲン新劇場版のクリエイターが何を言っているのか?| アイディアチャンネル|PBSデジタルスタジオ (Does It Matter What Evangelion's Creator Says? | Idea Channel | PBS Digital Studios)

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    naomi に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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